Open Access
ARTICLE
Presenting a Signal to Noise Ratio Model Based on the Combined Effect of Sound Pressure Level/frequency, Exposure Time and Oral Potassium: Experimental Study in Rats
Parvin Nassiri1, Sajad Zare2,*, Mohammad Reza Monazzam1, Akram Pourbakht3, Rasoul Hemmatjo4, Hossein ElahiShirvan2
1 Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
3 Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
* Corresponding Author: Sajad Zare. Email:
Sound & Vibration 2020, 54(1), 17-25. https://doi.org/10.32604/sv.2020.08395
Received 20 August 2019; Accepted 14 November 2019; Issue published 01 March 2020
Abstract
Exposure to noise can lead to anatomical, nonauditory, and auditory
impacts. The auditory influence of noise exposure is manifested in the form of
Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). The current study aimed at present a signal
to noise ratio model of otoacoustic emission of rats’ ears in the light of the combined
effect of sound pressure level, sound frequency, exposure time, and potassium
concentration of the used water. In total, 36 adult male rates, whose age
varied from 3 to 4 months and had a weight of 200 ± 50 g, were randomly divided
into 12 groups, with each group consisting of 3 rats. The rats in both groups (case
and control groups) were exposed to SPLs of 85, 95, and 105 dB, emitted from
sources that generated white noise. A distortion product otoacoustic emission
(DPOAE) machine (4000 I/O manufactured by Homoth of Germany) was utilized
to gauge the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of otoacoustic emissions of rats’ ears at
various frequencies in an acoustic room. The inclusion criterion was SNR ≥ 6 dB.
The collected data were fed into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS) version 18, followed by conducting descriptive and inferential data analysis
procedures. The results of SNR analysis indicated that over 82% of all data
had SNRs that were equal to or greater than 6 dB. These data were considered
as acceptable response. Furthermore, SPL and sound frequency had significant
associations with SNR (
P < 0.0001). Exposure time also significantly correlated
with SNR (
P = 0.008). However, the potassium concentration of the used water
had no significant correlation with SNR (
P = 0.97). High sound pressure levels
result in lower DPOAE. Furthermore, higher frequency leads to higher SNR.
On the contrary, longer exposure time reduces SNR. Finally, the potassium concentration
of the used water has no effect on SNR.
Keywords
Cite This Article
Nassiri, P., Zare, S., Monazzam, M. R., Pourbakht, A., Hemmatjo, R. et al. (2020). Presenting a Signal to Noise Ratio Model Based on the Combined Effect of Sound Pressure Level/frequency, Exposure Time and Oral Potassium: Experimental Study in Rats.
Sound & Vibration, 54(1), 17–25.