Noor K. Faheed^*, Qahtan A. Hamad, Jawad K. Oleiwi

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.7, pp. 1989-2013, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017573

Abstract Natural fibers and their composites are the evolving movements in material science, and with that, the utmost use of plant-based fibers has become the focus of this research. Sisal and cotton natural fibers were used to construct a prosthetic socket as an attempt to substitute material currently available in the manufacturing of sockets. The vacuum bagging technique was adopted to produce a below-knee socket. The influence of different fiber layering sequences on the volumetric and mechanical characteristics was estimated experimentally and numerically. Mechanical tensile tests were used to assess laminated specimens, such as tensile strength, young modulus, and elongation percentage.… More >

Juliana Abdul Halip^1,2, Syeed SaifulAzry Osman Al-Edrus^1,*, Seng Hua Lee^1,*, Paridah Md Tahir¹, Nor Yuziah Mohd Yunus³, Mohd Sapuan Salit¹, Ahmad Ilyas Rushdan^4,5

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.7, pp. 1951-1960, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.016025

Abstract The depletion of log resources encourages research into alternative ways to sustain the wood supply. Therefore, the 4-year-old Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia (RRIM) clones series, RRIM 2020 and RRIM 2025, were chosen as potential raw materials for particleboard in this study. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of planting density and rubber tree clones on the mechanical and physical properties of single-layer particleboard. The planting densities used were low, moderate-low, moderate-high, and high, representing 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 trees/ha, respectively. Prior to manufacturing, the RRIM 2000 series clone trees were harvested, cut, chipped, flaked,… More >

Lara Greiner^1,*, Philipp Kukla², Sebastian Eibl¹, Manfred Döring³

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.7, pp. 1931-1950, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.019548

Abstract A novel, versatile flame retardant substructure based on phosphorylated salicylic acid (SCP) is described and used in the synthesis of new flame retardants for HexFlow^® RTM6, a high-performance epoxy resin used in resin transfer molding processes as composite matrix. The starting material salicylic acid can be obtained from natural sources. SCP as reactive phosphorus chloride is converted with a novolak, a novolak containing 9, 10-dihydro-9- oxa-10-phospha-phenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) substituents or DOPO-hydroquinone to flame retardants with sufficient thermal stability and high char yield. Additionally, these flame retardants are soluble in the resin as well as react into the epoxy network. The determined… More >

Daša Krapež Tomec, Angela Balzano, Jure Žigon, Milan Šernek, Mirko Kariž^*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.7, pp. 1787-1796, 2022, DOI: 10.32604/jrm.2022.019760

Abstract As additive manufacturing technologies advance, new opportunities are opening up for their application in the furniture industry. Wood remains one of the leading raw materials in the furniture industry; therefore, possible options for combining it with 3D printing have been researched. The bonding of 3D-printed polymer parts with wood or 3D printing with wood-plastic composites is already known, but in our research we attempted to directly 3D print polylactic acid (PLA) on wood surfaces. The effect of printing parameters, as well as the surface preparation of wood on the shear strength of the bond between wood and on-printed material was… More >

Jürgen Kern^1,*, Judy Libra¹, Christian Ammon¹, York Neubauer², Wenceslau Teixeira³

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.7, pp. 1773-1786, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.019608

Abstract The emissions of two greenhouse gases (GHG), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O), from six substrates with different carbonaceous content were compared in short and long-term incubation experiments. Three natural soils and three artificial chars were mixed with carbon (C) poor soil (Cambisol) to simulate real conditions after application of char to farmland. The natural soils were a Cambisol, an Anthrosol and a Histosol with C contents of 1.3%, 4.4% and 13.2%, respectively. The three chars produced through thermal conversion of wood chips by hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC), fluidized bed gasification and pyrolysis had C contents of 56.9%, 75.4% and… More >

Wenwen Guo^1,2,3, Wei Cai³, Dong Wang¹, Junling Wang⁴, Xiefei Zhu^5,*, Bin Fei^2,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.7, pp. 1875-1888, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018823

Abstract Fabrication of flame retardants from renewable biomass has aroused extensive interest over the past decade. This work reported a synthesis of isosorbide-derived polyphosphonate (PICPP) as an anti-flammable agent for poly (lactic acid) (PLA). The presence of PICPP notably declined the storage modulus of PLA/PICPP owing to the declined molecular weight of PLA catalyzed by the presence of PICPP. PLA and PLA/PICPP thermally degraded in one stage under either air or nitrogen atmosphere. With increasing the amount of PICPP, the onset thermal decomposition temperature of PLA/PICPP was decreased gradually, owing to the earlier decomposition of PICPP. With only 10 wt% of… More >

Tao Zeng^1,3, Lisheng Deng^1,3,*, Jiechao Chen^2,*, Hongyu Huang^1,3, Hanli Zhuang²

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.7, pp. 1845-1858, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018803

Abstract A numerical study on the conjugated heat-mass transfer of helical hollow fiber membrane tube bank (HFMTB) for seawater desalination was carried out. Physical and mathematical models of fluid flow, temperature and humidity distribution were constructed to investigate the influences of flow type, Reynolds number, and temperature on the conjugated heat-mass transfer performance of hollow fibers in the distillation membrane module. The conjugated heat-mass transfer characteristics of HFMTB were discussed by utilizing the friction coefficient, Nusselt number (Nu), and Sherwood number (Sh). Results demonstrate that a distillation efficiency enhancement of 29% compared to the straight HFMTB has been detected for four-helical… More >

Cuicui Wang¹, Xin Wei¹, Lee M. Smith², Ge Wang¹, Shuangbao Zhang³, Haitao Cheng^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.7, pp. 1829-1844, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018782

Abstract In order to investigate the effect of the relative motion of nano CaCO₃ reinforced bamboo pulp fiber (BPF)/HDPE composite components on the mechanical performance, a comparative study was performed. BPF was treated by nano CaCO₃ blending (BM) and impregnation modification (IM) technology. The composites were produced using hot press (HPMP), extrusion (EMP) and injection molding process (IMP). The physical morphology of BPF was similar at different manufacturing processes. Compared to the samples manufactured by HPMP, a decrease in the (specific) flexural strength of BPF/HDPE composites and an increase in those of composites treated by nano CaCO₃ manufactured by EMP and… More >

Wu Jing^1,2,#, Ren Luo^3,#, Sha Ding², Ping Duan^3,4,5,6,7,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.7, pp. 1813-1828, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018771

Abstract In this study, the workability and reaction mechanism of metakaolin (MK) based geopolymer blended with rice husk ash (RHA) and silica fume (SF) was investigated. The prepared samples were subjected to tests including compressive strength and fluidity tests. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) were employed to explore the phase composition and microstructure of geopolymers. The molecular bonding information of geopolymer was provided by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Meanwhile, the porosity of geopolymer was obtained by Mercury intrusion porosimeter (MIP) analysis. The high-activity RHA obtained after calcination at 600°C was used as a supplementary cementitious material to… More > Graphic Abstract

Omar Salih Omar^*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.7, pp. 1979-1988, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018765

Abstract Monolayer MoS₂ has a promising optoelectronics property, with a bandgap in the visible range; the material is a potential candidate for solar cell applications. In this work, we grew MoS₂ monolayers using a low-pressure chemical vapor deposition approach. To produce uniform wafer-scale MoS₂ monolayer films, precursors molybdenum dioxide (MoO₂) and sulfur (S) are utilized. Atomic force microscopy was used to quantify the thickness of the monolayers, and the result was validated by Raman spectroscopy. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to confirm the crystalline quality of the monolayers, and photoluminescence spectroscopy was used to evaluate their optical properties. We were… More >