Qinhui Zhang^1,2,#, Xiaona Pei^1,#, Lianfeng Xu^3,#, Xianbo Lu², Baoyang Wen³, Yanlong Li⁴, Liankui Wang⁴, Guangzhi Dong⁴, Wanling Shi⁴, Xiaoqing Hu^1,*, Xiyang Zhao^1,2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.8, pp. 1585-1599, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.020372

Abstract Birch (Betula platyphylla Suk.), distributed in Eurasia, North America, and Australia, is a kind of cold-resistant, fast-growing, and vital pulpwood tree species. It is also one of the most important ecological restoration tree species with high values of economic benefits in Northeast China. To improve the genetic gain and expand the economic benefit of B. platyphylla, many genetic improvements have been carried out. In China, B. platyphylla is widely distributed and varied, and there are many varieties with excellent genetic characteristics. In this paper, the genetic improvement of B. platyphylla was reviewed, and the previous research results were discussed from… More >

Dabing Xiang^1,#, Yue Song^1,#, Chao Song², Yan Wan¹, Xueling Ye¹, Changying Liu¹, Chenggang Liang³, Gang Zhao^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.8, pp. 1659-1669, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.020338

Abstract A low seed-setting rate is the main limiting factor influencing Tartary buckwheat production under high-yield cultivation conditions. To investigate the seed setting and its spatial characteristics, two Tartary buckwheat cultivars (high seed-setting rate cultivar Qianku 3; low seed-setting rate cultivar Liuku 3) were compared by a two-year field trial in 2017 and 2018. The results showed that the Tartary buckwheat underwent simultaneous flowering and fruiting. Flowers, generated from branch, were still blooming during the mature stage of grains on stem, which resulting in a greater number of flowers and grains on the branch than those on the stem at the… More >

Jingkang Zhang¹, Shiyuan Zhang¹, Changhao Niu^1,2, Jiang Jiang^1,2, Haijun Sun^1,2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.8, pp. 1601-1616, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.020323

Abstract Soil degradation threatens the forest sustainable productivity, particularly in afforestation system. Biochar derived from agroforestry waste or biomass can potentially improve the degraded forest soil and promote the tree growth. To expand the application of biochar for forestry productivity improvement, we here reviewed the effects and the underlying mechanisms of biochar on the degraded forest soil and tree growth. Totally 96 studies that conducted from pot to field investigations in China were summarized. The result suggested that biochar generally exerted positive effects on restoration of degraded forest soil such as that with compaction, acidification or soil erosion, which are mainly… More >

Chengyang Li^1,2,#, Lianjun Wang^1,#, Shasha Chai^1,#, Yinghua Xu^1,2, Chong Wang^1,2, Yi Liu^1,2, Jian Lei¹, Xiaojie Jin¹, Xianliang Cheng¹, Yuanyuan Yang¹, Xinsun Yang^1,*, Wenying Zhang^2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.8, pp. 1779-1793, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.020192

Abstract Fusarium wilt, a disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp batatas (Fob) is an important disease in sweet potato production. Using endophytic bacteria for biological control of sweet potato diseases is one of the important ways. A Bacillus subtilis with antagonistic effect on Fusarium wilt of sweet potato was isolated from soil by confrontation culture. According to the biological characteristics, 16S rDNA sequence analysis, and physiological and biochemical analysis, the Bacillus subtilis HAAS01 was named. A pot experiment was conducted for the biological control experiment of strain HAAS01, and the endogenous hormone content, antioxidant enzyme activity, soluble protein content, and related… More >

Shiqin Yang^1,2,#, Tao Jiang^3,#, Peilin Shen¹, Shengjie Ren³, Zhun Gu¹, Fangjun Feng², Yunpeng Peng^2,4, Wei Wang⁵, Kai Xu^2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.8, pp. 1671-1686, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018996

Abstract Plant height is an important morphological trait that affects crop yield. Several genes related to plant height and yield have been reported in rice (Oryza sativa L.), however, the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of these traits is still not completely understood. VP64 is widely used as a transcriptional activator to investigate the biological function of genes encoding transcription factors. Here, we identified a novel bZIP transcription factor OsbZIP62 that is involved in modulating agronomic traits in rice. Overexpression of OsbZIP62-VP64 (OsbZIP62V) significantly increases the plant height and yield per plant in rice. RNA-seq analysis showed that some plant height… More >

Jing Qu¹, Shuang Liu², Peng Jiao², Zhenzhong Jiang², Jianbo Fei², Shuyan Guan^1,*, Yiyong Ma^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.8, pp. 1709-1719, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018854

Abstract To develop cold-tolerant maize germplasms and identify the activation of INDUCER OF CRT/DRE-BINDING FACTOR EXPRESSION (ICE1) expression in response to cold stress, RT-PCR was used to amplify the complete open reading frame sequence of the ICE1 gene and construct the plant expression vector pCAMBIA3301-ICE1-Bar. Immature maize embryos and calli were transformed with the recombinant vector using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformations. From the regenerated plantlets, three T1 lines were screened and identified by PCR. A Southern blot analysis showed that a single copy of the ICE1 gene was integrated into the maize (Zea mays L.) genomes of the three T1 generations. Under… More >

David Alonso de Mezquia^1,*, Uxue Arrieta¹, M. Mounir Bou-Ali¹, Ferruh Erdogdu², Huseyin Topcam², Bart Van Droogenbroeck³, Dagbjørn Skipnes⁴

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.18, No.4, pp. 1129-1136, 2022, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2022.021731

Abstract In this work, the thermal sterilization process in food cans has been analyzed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). STAR CCM+ software has been used in order to develop a numerical model to study the heating process of standard and the recently proposed toroidal shaped cans. The model has been validated comparing the results with the ones obtained experimentally and numerically that can be found in the literature. A good agreement between the obtained numerical results and the experimental ones has been obtained. The results also agree with other numerical models previously developed in the literature. Once the model has been… More >

Ali H. Tarrad^*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.18, No.4, pp. 1111-1127, 2022, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2022.021541

Abstract An analytical model was built to predict the thermal resistance of a vertical double U-tube ground-coupled heat pump that operates under steady-state conditions. It included a geometry obstruction factor for heat transfer throughout the backfill medium due to the presence of the second loop. The verification of the model was achieved by the implementation of five different borehole configurations and a comparison with other correlations in the available literature. The model considered a U-tube spacing range between (2) and (4) times the U-tube outside diameter producing a geometry configuration factor range of (0.29–0.6). The results of the model were utilized… More >

Xianhe Yue^*, Shunshe Luo

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.18, No.4, pp. 1195-1203, 2022, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2022.020649

Abstract Because carbonate rocks have a wide range of reservoir forms, a low matrix permeability, and a complicated seam hole formation, using traditional capacity prediction methods to estimate carbonate reservoirs can lead to significant errors. We propose a machine learning-based capacity prediction method for carbonate rocks by analyzing the degree of correlation between various factors and three machine learning models: support vector machine, BP neural network, and elastic network. The error rate for these three models are 10%, 16%, and 33%, respectively (according to the analysis of 40 training wells and 10 test wells). More >

Fei Zhou, Yu Zhou^*, Xuemin Ye

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.18, No.4, pp. 1025-1037, 2022, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2022.020196

Abstract Taking a two-stage variable-pitch axial fan as the research object, five schemes, including a single counter-flow rib layout grooved tip, are numerically simulated using the fluent software. The results indicate that, compared with the original blade tip, the total pressure rise and efficiency of the four proposed schemes have been improved to various degrees, with Scheme 4 (groove tip with double counterflow ribs) displaying the best performances. The total pressure and efficiency are increased by 113.44 Pa and 0.955%, respectively. The blade tip leakage flow is reduced to varying degrees under different schemes, according to the following order: Scheme 1, Scheme… More >