Syed Shabih Ul Hasan¹, Anwar Ghani¹, Ikram Ud Din², Ahmad Almogren^3,*, Ayman Altameem⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 3701-3716, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020624

Abstract User authentication is one of the critical concerns of information security. Users tend to use strong textual passwords, but remembering complex passwords is hard as they often write it on a piece of paper or save it in their mobile phones. Textual passwords are slightly unprotected and are easily attackable. The attacks include dictionary, shoulder surfing, and brute force. Graphical passwords overcome the shortcomings of textual passwords and are designed to aid memorability and ease of use. This paper proposes a Process-based Pattern Authentication (PPA) system for Internet of Things (IoT) devices that does not require a server to maintain… More >

Kusum Yadav¹, Ali Alharbi¹, Anurag Jain^2,*, Rabie A. Ramadan¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 3637-3652, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020614

Abstract Internet of things (IoT) field has emerged due to the rapid growth of artificial intelligence and communication technologies. The use of IoT technology in modern healthcare environments is convenient for doctors and patients as it can be used in real-time monitoring of patients, proper administration of patient information, and healthcare management. However, the usage of IoT in the healthcare domain will become a nightmare if patient information is not securely maintained while transferring over an insecure network or storing at the administrator end. In this manuscript, the authors have developed a secure IoT healthcare monitoring system using the Blockchain-based XOR… More >

Wen-Tsai Sung¹, Sung-Jung Hsiao^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 3529-3548, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020613

Abstract This research uses the improved Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization (QPSO) algorithm to build an Internet of Things (IoT) life comfort monitoring system based on wireless sensing networks. The purpose is to improve the quality of intelligent life. The functions of the system include automatic basketball court lighting system, monitoring of infants’ sleeping posture and accidental falls of the elderly, human thermal comfort measurement and other related life comfort services, etc. On the hardware system of the IoT, this research is based on the latest version of ZigBee 3.0, which uses optical sensors, 3-axis accelerometers, and temperature/humidity sensors in the IoT… More >

Jae-Hyun Ro¹, Jong-Gyu Ha², Woon-Sang Lee², Young-Hwan You³, Hyoung-Kyu Song^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 3625-3636, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020596

Abstract This paper proposes the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detection scheme by using the deep neural network (DNN) based ensemble machine learning for higher error performance in wireless communication systems. For the MIMO detection based on the ensemble machine learning, all learning models for the DNN are generated in offline and the detection is performed in online by using already learned models. In the offline learning, the received signals and channel coefficients are set to input data, and the labels which correspond to transmit symbols are set to output data. In the online learning, the perfectly learned models are used for signal… More >

Nitin Mittal¹, Harbinder Singh¹, Vikas Mittal², Shubham Mahajan³, Amit Kant Pandit³, Mehedi Masud⁴, Mohammed Baz⁵, Mohamed Abouhawwash^6,7,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 3821-3835, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020592

Abstract Cognitive Radio (CR) has been developed as an enabling technology that allows the unused or underused spectrum to be used dynamically to increase spectral efficiency. To improve the overall performance of the CR system it is extremely important to adapt or reconfigure the system parameters. The Decision Engine is a major module in the CR-based system that not only includes radio monitoring and cognition functions but also responsible for parameter adaptation. As meta-heuristic algorithms offer numerous advantages compared to traditional mathematical approaches, the performance of these algorithms is investigated in order to design an efficient CR system that is able… More >

Muhammad Ibrahim Khalil¹, Samabia Tehsin¹, Mamoona Humayun², N.Z Jhanjhi^3,4,*, Mohammed A. AlZain⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 3251-3265, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020561

Abstract Medical Imaging Segmentation is an essential technique for modern medical applications. It is the foundation of many aspects of clinical diagnosis, oncology, and computer-integrated surgical intervention. Although significant successes have been achieved in the segmentation of medical images, DL (deep learning) approaches. Manual delineation of OARs (organs at risk) is vastly dominant but it is prone to errors given the complex irregularities in shape, low texture diversity between tissues and adjacent blood area, patient-wide location of organisms, and weak soft tissue contrast across adjacent organs in CT images. Till now several models have been implemented on multi organs segmentation but… More >

Kailash Kumar^*, Ahmad Abdullah Aljabr

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 3781-3801, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020510

Abstract On average, every two years, the amount of data existing globally doubles. Software development will be affected and improved by Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). The number of problems remained even though developments helped Information Technology experts extract better value from their storage investments. Because of poor interoperability between different vendors and devices, countless numbers of Storage Area Networks were created. Network setup used for data storage includes a complex and rigid arrangement of routers, switch, hosts/servers, storage arrays. We have evaluated the performance of routing protocol Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Fibre Channel Protocol (FCP) under different network scenario by Network… More >

Chih-Ta Yen^1,*, Sheng-Nan Chang², Liao Jia-Xian³, Yi-Kai Huang³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 2937-2952, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020493

Abstract This study proposed a measurement platform for continuous blood pressure estimation based on dual photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors and a deep learning (DL) that can be used for continuous and rapid measurement of blood pressure and analysis of cardiovascular-related indicators. The proposed platform measured the signal changes in PPG and converted them into physiological indicators, such as pulse transit time (PTT), pulse wave velocity (PWV), perfusion index (PI) and heart rate (HR); these indicators were then fed into the DL to calculate blood pressure. The hardware of the experiment comprised 2 PPG components (i.e., Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and analog-to-digital… More >

Raissa Uskenbayeva¹, Aigerim Altayeva^1,*, Faryda Gusmanova², Gluyssya Abdulkarimova³, Saule Berkimbaeva⁴, Kuralay Dalbekova⁴, Azizah Suiman⁵, Akzhunis Zhanseitova⁶, Aliya Amreyeva²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 3837-3853, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020491

Abstract Providing comfortable indoor air quality control in residential construction is an exceedingly important issue. This is due to the structure of the fast response controller of air quality. The presented work shows the breakdown and creation of a mathematical model for an interactive, nonlinear system for the required comfortable air quality. Furthermore, the paper refers to designing traditional proportional integral derivative regulators and proportional, integral, derivative regulators with independent parameters based on a backpropagation neural network. In the end, we perform the experimental outputs of a suggested backpropagation neural network-based proportional, integral, derivative controller and analyze model results by applying… More >

Suruchi Talwani¹, Khaled Alhazmi^2,*, Jimmy Singla¹, Hasan J. Alyamani³, Ali Kashif Bashir⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 3349-3364, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020473

Abstract Cloud computing promises the advent of a new era of service boosted by means of virtualization technology. The process of virtualization means creation of virtual infrastructure, devices, servers and computing resources needed to deploy an application smoothly. This extensively practiced technology involves selecting an efficient Virtual Machine (VM) to complete the task by transferring applications from Physical Machines (PM) to VM or from VM to VM. The whole process is very challenging not only in terms of computation but also in terms of energy and memory. This research paper presents an energy aware VM allocation and migration approach to meet… More >