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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Deep Learning-Based Classification of Rotten Fruits and Identification of Shelf Life

    S. Sofana Reka1, Ankita Bagelikar2, Prakash Venugopal2,*, V. Ravi2, Harimurugan Devarajan3

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.043369

    Abstract The freshness of fruits is considered to be one of the essential characteristics for consumers in determining their quality, flavor and nutritional value. The primary need for identifying rotten fruits is to ensure that only fresh and high-quality fruits are sold to consumers. The impact of rotten fruits can foster harmful bacteria, molds and other microorganisms that can cause food poisoning and other illnesses to the consumers. The overall purpose of the study is to classify rotten fruits, which can affect the taste, texture, and appearance of other fresh fruits, thereby reducing their shelf life. The agriculture and food industries… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effects of Temperature and Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) on Coal’s Mechanical and Acoustic Emission (AE) Properties

    Teng Teng1,2, Yuhe Cai3, Linchao Wang3,*, Yanzhao Zhu2

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.044532

    Abstract Liquid nitrogen has shown excellent performances as a good fracturing medium in the extraction of unconventional natural gas, and its application in coalbed methane extraction is currently a research hotspot. This study focuses on the acoustic emission properties of coal specimens treated utilizing liquid nitrogen with varying initial temperatures in a three-point bending environment. Through examination of the load-displacement curves of the considered coal samples, their mechanical properties are also revealed for different initial temperatures and cycling frequencies. The findings demonstrate a gradual decline in the maximum load capacity of coal rock as the temperature rises. Similarly, when subjected to… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Optimization of a Pipeline-Type Savonius Hydraulic Turbine

    Xiaohui Wang1,2,3,*, Kai Zhang1, Xiaobang Bai4, Senchun Miao1, Zanxiu Wu1, Jicheng Li1

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.043272

    Abstract This study focuses on a DN50 pipeline-type Savonius hydraulic turbine. The torque variation of the turbine in a rotation cycle is analyzed theoretically in the framework of the plane potential flow theory. Related numerical simulations show that the change in turbine torque is consistent with the theoretical analysis, with the main power zone and the secondary power zone exhibiting a positive torque. In contrast, the primary resistance zone and the secondary resistance zone are characterized by a negative torque. Analytical relationships between the turbine’s internal flow angle θ, the deflector’s inclination angle α0, and the coverage angle α of the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    On the Preparation of Low-Temperature-Rise and Low-Shrinkage Concrete Based on Phosphorus Slag

    Jianlong Jin, Jingjing Ding, Long Xiong, Ming Bao, Peng Zeng*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.027311

    Abstract The effects of different contents of a MgO expansive agent and phosphorus slag on the mechanical properties, shrinkage behavior, and the heat of hydration of concrete were studied. The slump flow, setting time, dry shrinkage, and hydration heat were used as sensitive parameters to assess the response of the considered specimens. As shown by the results, in general, with an increase in the phosphorus slag content, the hydration heat of concrete decreases for all ages, but the early strength displays a downward trend and the dry shrinkage rate increases. The 90-d strength and dry shrinkage of concrete could be improved… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Hybrid Model for Improving Software Cost Estimation in Global Software Development

    Mehmood Ahmed1,3,*, Noraini B. Ibrahim1, Wasif Nisar2, Adeel Ahmed3, Muhammad Junaid3,*, Emmanuel Soriano Flores4, Divya Anand4

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.046648

    Abstract Accurate software cost estimation in Global Software Development (GSD) remains challenging due to reliance on historical data and expert judgments. Traditional models, such as the Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO II), rely heavily on historical and accurate data. In addition, expert judgment is required to set many input parameters, which can introduce subjectivity and variability in the estimation process. Consequently, there is a need to improve the current GSD models to mitigate reliance on historical data, subjectivity in expert judgment, inadequate consideration of GSD-based cost drivers and limited integration of modern technologies with cost overruns. This study introduces a novel hybrid… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Identification of Important FPGA Modules Based on Complex Network

    Senjie Zhang1,2, Jinbo Wang2,*, Shan Zhou2, Jingpei Wang2,3, Zhenyong Zhang4,*, Ruixue Wang2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.046355

    Abstract The globalization of hardware designs and supply chains, as well as the integration of third-party intellectual property (IP) cores, has led to an increased focus from malicious attackers on computing hardware. However, existing defense or detection approaches often require additional circuitry to perform security verification, and are thus constrained by time and resource limitations. Considering the scale of actual engineering tasks and tight project schedules, it is usually difficult to implement designs for all modules in field programmable gate array (FPGA) circuits. Some studies have pointed out that the failure of key modules tends to cause greater damage to the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Feature-Based Augmentation in Sarcasm Detection Using Reverse Generative Adversarial Network

    Derwin Suhartono1,*, Alif Tri Handoyo1, Franz Adeta Junior2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.045301

    Abstract Sarcasm detection in text data is an increasingly vital area of research due to the prevalence of sarcastic content in online communication. This study addresses challenges associated with small datasets and class imbalances in sarcasm detection by employing comprehensive data pre-processing and Generative Adversial Network (GAN) based augmentation on diverse datasets, including iSarcasm, SemEval-18, and Ghosh. This research offers a novel pipeline for augmenting sarcasm data with Reverse Generative Adversarial Network (RGAN). The proposed RGAN method works by inverting labels between original and synthetic data during the training process. This inversion of labels provides feedback to the generator for generating… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    A Review on the Application of Deep Learning Methods in Detection and Identification of Rice Diseases and Pests

    Xiaozhong Yu1,2,*, Jinhua Zheng1,2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.043943

    Abstract In rice production, the prevention and management of pests and diseases have always received special attention. Traditional methods require human experts, which is costly and time-consuming. Due to the complexity of the structure of rice diseases and pests, quickly and reliably recognizing and locating them is difficult. Recently, deep learning technology has been employed to detect and identify rice diseases and pests. This paper introduces common publicly available datasets; summarizes the applications on rice diseases and pests from the aspects of image recognition, object detection, image segmentation, attention mechanism, and few-shot learning methods according to the network structure differences; and… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Nonlinear Components of a Block Cipher over Eisenstein Integers

    Mohammad Mazyad Hazzazi1, Muhammad Sajjad2, Zaid Bassfar3, Tariq Shah2,*, Ashwag Albakri4

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.039013

    Abstract In block ciphers, the nonlinear components, also known as substitution boxes (S-boxes), are used with the purpose to induce confusion in cryptosystems. For the last decade, most of the work on designing S-boxes over the points of elliptic curves, chaotic maps, and Gaussian integers has been published. The main purpose of these studies is to hide data and improve the security levels of crypto algorithms. In this work, we design pair of nonlinear components of a block cipher over the residue class of Eisenstein integers (EI). The fascinating features of this structure provide S-boxes pair at a time by fixing… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Responses of Wheat Production, Quality, and Soil Profile Properties to Biochar Applied at Different Seasons in a Rice-Wheat Rotation

    Lipei Chen, Rilie Deng, Xuewen Li, Min Yu, Hongdong Xiao*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.046877

    Abstract In the rice-wheat rotation system, biochar (BC) can be applied at the initiation of the rice or wheat season. Here, we compared the effects of BC that were applied at two different crop seasons on wheat production, quality, and soil profile properties in a rice-wheat rotation system with nitrogen (N) fertilizer applied at 280 kg/ha rate. Results showed that both wheat grain production and N recovery use efficiency were influenced by BC applied at two crop seasons. Biochar application did not affect the total non-essential amino-acid, but when applied during wheat season, BC significantly (p < 0.05) increased total essential… More >

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