Aaron David Lugo-Palacios¹, Edgar Omar Rueda-Puente², César Omar Montoya-García², Ignacio Orona-Castillo³, Urbano Nava-Camberos³, José Luis García-Hernández^3,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.075449

Abstract To ensure the efficient use of resources, particularly in water-scarce arid and semi-arid regions where abiotic stress threatens food security, assessing soil and climate suitability for specific crops is crucial. Simultaneously, food production must align with sustainable development goals by minimizing negative environmental impacts. Therefore, establishing agro-climatic suitability using a spatiotemporal approach is essential. This involves three key steps: first, determining the climatically appropriate months based on the species’ requirements (temporal suitability), and second, establishing the soil suitability of specific plots (spatial suitability). Following this, quantifying crop evapotranspiration allows for optimized water use. This study… More >

Belén Rovira^1,*, Aude Chabrelie¹, Sauro Bianchi², Frédéric Pichelin¹

Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0173

Abstract The construction sector is facing significant challenges in transitioning to a defossilised system. While wood-based products have considerable potential, reliance on adhesives derived from fossil fuels poses significant sustainability concerns. Tannin-based adhesives present a compelling bio-based alternative, offering advantageous bonding properties with the potential to reduce toxicity, minimise fossil resource use, and enhance end-of-life scenarios. Despite extensive research demonstrating the technical potential of tannin-based adhesives, industrial adoption remains limited—partly due to the paucity of studies addressing their environmental impacts. The present study investigates the use of tannin-based adhesives in the production of interior-grade plywood, employing… More >

Chun-Chieh Hu^1,*, Shuhan Zheng^1,2, Youjia Lin^1,2

International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, DOI:10.32604/ijmhp.2025.073744

Abstract Objectives: In recent years, mental health has emerged as a pressing public health concern in China, driven by mounting societal pressures and fast-paced urban lifestyles. Physical activity, a well-established means of enhancing psychological well-being, has received growing scholarly and policy attention. This study uses panel data from the 2020 and 2022 waves of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) to examine the impact of exercise frequency on mental health (with indicators such as CESD-8 depression scores) among college students and young employees, thereby providing empirical support for targeted mental health interventions. Methods: This study examines the… More >

Jie Zhang^#,1, Xiaoxu Zhi^1,#, Jiahui Chen², Paerhati Halisa², Lihai Chen^3,*, Minhao Zhang^2,*

International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, DOI:10.32604/ijmhp.2025.071717

Abstract Objectives: Although standardized residency trainees are at high risk for depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation, the psychological pathways connecting depression and anxiety to suicidal ideation, especially the moderating role of resilience, remain elusive. This study aimed to examine the associations between depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among physicians undergoing standardized residency training, and to investigate the moderating roles of different dimensions of individual resilience, namely tenacity, strength, and optimism. Methods: A convenience sampling method was adopted to recruit 133 resident physicians. Validated instruments assessing individual resilience, depressive symptoms, anxiety levels, and suicidal ideation were administered. Spearman… More >

Simin Tang^1,2,3,4, Zhiyong Zhang^1,2,3,4,*, Junyan Pan^1,2,3,4, Gaoyuan Quan^1,2,3,4, Weiguo Wang⁵, Junchang Jing⁶

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.073798

Abstract At inference time, deep neural networks are susceptible to backdoor attacks, which can produce attacker-controlled outputs when inputs contain carefully crafted triggers. Existing defense methods often focus on specific attack types or incur high costs, such as data cleaning or model fine-tuning. In contrast, we argue that it is possible to achieve effective and generalizable defense without removing triggers or incurring high model-cleaning costs. From the attacker’s perspective and based on characteristics of vulnerable neuron activation anomalies, we propose an Adaptive Feature Injection (AFI) method for black-box backdoor detection. AFI employs a pre-trained image encoder… More >

Soukaina Azil^1,2,*, Yassmine Louanjli², Noureddine Louanjli², Moncef Benkhalifa³, Bouchra Ghazi^1,4,5

Canadian Journal of Urology, DOI:10.32604/cju.2025.069420

Abstract Mammalian fertilization involves the migration of spermatozoa through the female reproductive system. Early embryonic development is a consequence of several steps and signaling pathways being activated, as well as biochemical and morphological modifications of spermatozoa that enable them to penetrate the membrane of mature oocytes.
There are some crucial steps known to clearly explain the process of fertilization, starting with hyperactivation of spermatozoa, mutual recognition, and binding of gametes mediated by receptors located on the surface membranes of both gametes. The final step is followed by oocyte activation, which is primarily triggered via sperm-derived factors, inducing a More >

Burhan Baraklı^1,*, Can Yüzkollar², Tuğrul Taşçı³, ˙Ibrahim Yıldırım²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.074292

Abstract Salient object detection (SOD) models struggle to simultaneously preserve global structure, maintain sharp object boundaries, and sustain computational efficiency in complex scenes. In this study, we propose SPSALNet, a task-driven two-stage (macro–micro) architecture that restructures the SOD process around superpixel representations. In the proposed approach, a “split-and-enhance” principle, introduced to our knowledge for the first time in the SOD literature, hierarchically classifies superpixels and then applies targeted refinement only to ambiguous or error-prone regions. At the macro stage, the image is partitioned into content-adaptive superpixel regions, and each superpixel is represented by a high-dimensional region-level… More >

Meng Wang¹, Jinghan Cai¹, Wenzheng Liu¹, Xue Yang¹, Jingjing Zhang¹, Qiangmin Zhou¹, Fanzhen Wang¹, Hang Zhang^1,*, Tonghai Liu^2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.075541

Abstract Tomato is a major economic crop worldwide, and diseases on tomato leaves can significantly reduce both yield and quality. Traditional manual inspection is inefficient and highly subjective, making it difficult to meet the requirements of early disease identification in complex natural environments. To address this issue, this study proposes an improved YOLO11-based model, YOLO-SPDNet (Scale Sequence Fusion, Position-Channel Attention, and Dual Enhancement Network). The model integrates the SEAM (Self-Ensembling Attention Mechanism) semantic enhancement module, the MLCA (Mixed Local Channel Attention) lightweight attention mechanism, and the SPA (Scale-Position-Detail Awareness) module composed of SSFF (Scale Sequence Feature… More >

Jiazhou Li^1,2, Mingyu Zhang¹, Xing Li^1,3, Fangbo Cao^1,2, Jiana Chen^1,2, Weiqin Wang^1,2, Huabin Zheng^1,2, Min Huang^1,2,4,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.075255

Abstract Spikelet filling characteristics in early-season rice in southern China may be distinctive due to its exposure to high temperatures during the ripening period. However, limited information is currently available on these characteristics. This study aimed to characterize spikelet filling in early-season rice and identify the key factors contributing to its improvement. Field experiments were conducted over two years (2021 and 2022) to mainly investigate the proportions of fully-filled, partially-filled, and empty spikelets, along with the biomass-fertilized spikelet ratio and harvest index, in 11 early-season rice varieties. The results revealed significant varietal variation in spikelet filling,… More >

Adolfo Amador Mendoza^1,*, Rosalba Guadalupe Gomez Raymundo², Ana Rosa Ramírez Seañez¹, Hipolito Hernández Hernández¹, Rogelio Enrrique Palacios Torres¹, Nelda Xanath Martínez Galero³, Miguel Ángel García Muñoz³, Saribel Zilli Gutiérrez^4,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.073856

Abstract The cultivation of Soledad pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is essential in Oaxaca and Veracruz, but it faces issues with pests and diseases, which affect yield and cause economic losses. To mitigate these impacts, farmers have started using biostimulants such as chitosan and plant growth promoting bacteria instead of agrochemicals due to their environmental and health benefits. This study evaluated the effect of Bacillus subtilis and chitosan, both individually and combined, on the growth, yield, and fruit quality of Soledad pepper under greenhouse conditions. Four treatments were applied at different stages of the crop cycle: Q (Chitosan), BS (Bacillus More >