Pranati Rakshit¹, Sreeparna Ganguly¹, Souvik Pal², Ayman A. Aly³, Dac-Nhuong Le^4,5,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 1207-1224, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014293

Abstract With the increasing need of sensitive or secret data transmission through public network, security demands using cryptography and steganography are becoming a thirsty research area of last few years. These two techniques can be merged and provide better security which is nowadays extremely required. The proposed system provides a novel method of information security using the techniques of audio steganography combined with visual cryptography. In this system, we take a secret image and divide it into several subparts to make more than one incomprehensible sub-images using the method of visual cryptography. Each of the sub-images is then hidden within individual… More >

Meenu Gupta¹, Rachna Jain², Simrann Arora², Akash Gupta², Mazhar Javed Awan³, Gopal Chaudhary^2,*, Haitham Nobanee^4,5,6

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 933-950, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014221

Abstract The COVID-19 disease has already spread to more than 213 countries and territories with infected (confirmed) cases of more than 27 million people throughout the world so far, while the numbers keep increasing. In India, this deadly disease was first detected on January 30, 2020, in a student of Kerala who returned from Wuhan. Because of India’s high population density, different cultures, and diversity, it is a good idea to have a separate analysis of each state. Hence, this paper focuses on the comprehensive analysis of the effect of COVID-19 on Indian states and Union Territories and the development of… More >

Abid Sohail^1,*, Khurram Shahzad², P. D. D. Dominic³, Muhammad Arif Butt², Muhammad Arif⁴, Muhammad Imran Tariq⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 303-319, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014201

Abstract Business process improvement is a systematic approach used by several organizations to continuously improve their quality of service. Integral to that is analyzing the current performance of each task of the process and assigning the most appropriate resources to each task. In continuation of our previous work, we categorize resources into human and non-human resources. For instance, in the healthcare domain, human resources include doctors, nurses, and other associated staff responsible for the execution of healthcare activities; whereas the non-human resources include surgical and other equipment needed for execution. In this study, we contend that the two types of resources… More >

Muhammad Usman Tariq¹, Muhammad Babar², Mian Ahmad Jan^3,4,5,*, Akmal Saeed Khattak⁶, Mohammad Dahman Alshehri⁷, Abid Yahya⁸

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 625-639, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014165

Abstract The world is rapidly changing with the advance of information technology. The expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) is a huge step in the development of the smart city. The IoT consists of connected devices that transfer information. The IoT architecture permits on-demand services to a public pool of resources. Cloud computing plays a vital role in developing IoT-enabled smart applications. The integration of cloud computing enhances the offering of distributed resources in the smart city. Improper management of security requirements of cloud-assisted IoT systems can bring about risks to availability, security, performance, confidentiality, and privacy. The key reason… More >

Kashif Irshad¹, Muhammad Tanvir Afzal², Sanam Shahla Rizvi³, Abdul Shahid⁴, Rabia Riaz⁵, Tae-Sun Chung^6,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 877-894, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014156

Abstract The growing collection of scientific data in various web repositories is referred to as Scientific Big Data, as it fulfills the four “V’s” of Big Data–-volume, variety, velocity, and veracity. This phenomenon has created new opportunities for startups; for instance, the extraction of pertinent research papers from enormous knowledge repositories using certain innovative methods has become an important task for researchers and entrepreneurs. Traditionally, the content of the papers are compared to list the relevant papers from a repository. The conventional method results in a long list of papers that is often impossible to interpret productively. Therefore, the need for… More >

Mohammad Masroor Ahmed^1,*, Saleh Al Shehri², Jawad Usman Arshed³, Mahmood Ul Hassan⁴, Muzammil Hussain⁵, Mehtab Afzal⁶

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 171-185, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014141

Abstract Spatially Constrained Mixture Model (SCMM) is an image segmentation model that works over the framework of maximum a-posteriori and Markov Random Field (MAP-MRF). It developed its own maximization step to be used within this framework. This research has proposed an improvement in the SCMM’s maximization step for segmenting simulated brain Magnetic Resonance Images (MRIs). The improved model is named as the Weighted Spatially Constrained Finite Mixture Model (WSCFMM). To compare the performance of SCMM and WSCFMM, simulated T1-Weighted normal MRIs were segmented. A region of interest (ROI) was extracted from segmented images. The similarity level between the extracted ROI and… More >

A. Benabid Najjar^1,*, N. AlSahly², R. AlShamass¹, M. Hosny²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 1169-1189, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014140

Abstract Technology has tremendously contributed to improving communication and facilitating daily activities. Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) study particularly emerged from the need to serve people with disabilities such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). However, with the advancements in cost-effective electronics and computer interface equipment, the BCI study is flourishing, and the exploration of BCI applications for people without disabilities, to enhance normal functioning, is increasing. Particularly, the P300-based spellers are among the most promising applications of the BCI technology. In this context, the region-based paradigm for P300 BCI spellers was introduced in an effort to reduce the crowding effect and adjacency problem… More >

Masood Ahmad¹, Fasee Ullah^2,*, Ishtiaq Wahid¹, Atif Khan³, M. Irfan Uddin⁴, Abdullah Alharbi⁵, Wael Alosaimi⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 321-336, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014102

Abstract Internet of Everything (IoE) indicates a fantastic vision of the future, where everything is connected to the internet, providing intelligent services and facilitating decision making. IoE is the collection of static and moving objects able to coordinate and communicate with each other. The moving objects may consist of ground segments and flying segments. The speed of flying segment e.g., Unmanned Ariel Vehicles (UAVs) may high as compared to ground segment objects. The topology changes occur very frequently due to high speed nature of objects in UAV-enabled IoE (Ue-IoE). The routing maintenance overhead may increase when scaling the Ue-IoE (number of… More >

Sufyan Habib¹, Nawaf N. Hamadneh^2,*, S. Al wadi³, Ra’ed Masa’deh⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 445-462, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014047

Abstract Online Food Delivery Platforms (OFDPs) has witnessed phenomenal growth in the past few years, especially this year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This Pandemic has forced many governments across the world to give momentum to OFD services and make their presence among the customers. The Presence of several multinational and national companies in this sector has enhanced the competition and companies are trying to adapt various marketing strategies and exploring the brand experience (BEX) dimension that helps in enhancing the brand equity (BE) of OFDPs. BEXs are critical for building brand loyalty (BL) and making companies profitable. Customers can experience… More >

Rachid Zagrouba^1,*, Asayel AlAbdullatif¹, Kholood AlAjaji¹, Norah Al-Serhani¹, Fahd Alhaidari¹, Abdullah Almuhaideb², Atta-ur-Rahman²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 1103-1119, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014035

Abstract The Internet of Things (IoT) is where almost anything can be controlled and managed remotely by means of sensors. Although the IoT evolution led to quality of life enhancement, many of its devices are insecure. The lack of robust key management systems, efficient identity authentication, low fault tolerance, and many other issues lead to IoT devices being easily targeted by attackers. In this paper we propose a new authentication protocol called Authenblue that improve the authentication process of IoT devices and Coordinators of Personal Area Network (CPANs) in an Industrial IoT (IIoT) environment. This study proposed Authenblue protocol as a… More >