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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF)-Mass Spectrometry and 13C-NMR-Identified New Compounds in Paraberlinia bifoliolata (Ekop-Beli) Bark Tannins

    Liliane Nga1, Benoit Ndiwe1,2, Achille Bernard Biwolé1, Antonio Pizzi3,*, Jean Jalin Eyinga Biwole1, Joseph Zobo Mfomo1

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.046568

    Abstract Extracts of plant origin, particularly tannins, are attracting growing interest for the sustainable development of materials in the industrial sector. The discovery of new tannins is therefore necessary. The aim of this work was to contribute to the understanding of the properties of Paraberlinia bifoliolata tannin by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectroscopy MALDI-TOF/MS and Carbon 13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C NMR). The chemical composition of tannin extracted from Paraberlinia bifoliolata bark was determined, as was the mechanical strength of the resin hardened with Acacia nilotica extracts. Yield by successive water extraction was 35%. MALDI-TOF/MS analysis… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Enhancing the Decomposition of Paper Cups Using Galleria Mellonella and Eisenia Fetida

    Shadi Moqbel1,*, Habib Al-Ghoul2, Abd Al-Majeed Al-Ghzawi3, Rami Mukbel4

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.046369

    Abstract The composition of paper cups creates a challenge for the recycling industry, as the paperboard–plastic film composite is hard to separate. Therefore, paper cups are sent to landfills or waste incinerators. This study explores the combined use of red worms (Eisenia fetida) and Greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) in the biodegradation of paper cups. The study investigates the conditions and combinations that promote using Eisenia fetida and Galleria mellonella for degrading paper cups. The study considered the influence of environmental temperature, the presence of food waste, varying the number of Eisenia fetida worms, and the presence of a Galleria mellonella… More > Graphic Abstract

    Enhancing the Decomposition of Paper Cups Using Galleria Mellonella and Eisenia Fetida

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The Influence of Tartaric Acid in the Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis Using Response Surface Methodology

    Yatim Lailun Ni’mah1, Afaf Baktir2, Dewi Santosaningsih3, Suprapto Suprapto1,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.045514

    Abstract Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using tartaric acid as a capping agent have a great impact on the reaction kinetics and contribute significantly to the stability of AgNPs. The protective layer formed by tartaric acid is an important factor that protects the silver surface and reduces potential cytotoxicity problems. These attributes are critical for assessing the compatibility of AgNPs with biological systems and making them suitable for drug delivery applications. The aim of this research is to conduct a comprehensive study of the effect of tartaric acid concentration, sonication time and temperature on the formation of silver nanoparticles. Using Response Surface… More > Graphic Abstract

    The Influence of Tartaric Acid in the Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis Using Response Surface Methodology

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    A Review on Sources, Extractions and Analysis Methods of a Sustainable Biomaterial: Tannins

    Antonio Pizzi1,*, Marie-Pierre Laborie2,3, Zeki Candan4

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.046074

    Abstract Condensed and hydrolysable tannins are non-toxic natural polyphenols that are a commercial commodity industrialized for tanning hides to obtain leather and for a growing number of other industrial applications mainly to substitute petroleum-based products. They are a definite class of sustainable materials of the forestry industry. They have been in operation for hundreds of years to manufacture leather and now for a growing number of applications in a variety of other industries, such as wood adhesives, metal coating, pharmaceutical/medical applications and several others. This review presents the main sources, either already or potentially commercial of this forestry by-materials, their industrial… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of Adhesive Type on the Quality of Coconut Shell Charcoal Briquettes Prepared by the Screw Extruder Machine

    Samsudin Anis1,*, Deni Fajar Fitriyana1, Aldias Bahatmaka1, Muhammad Choirul Anwar1, Arsyad Zanadin Ramadhan1, Fajar Chairul Anam1, Raffanel Adi Permana1, Ahmad Jazilussurur Hakim2, Natalino Fonseca Da Silva Guterres3, Mateus De Sousa Da Silva3

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.047128

    Abstract Indonesia is one of the largest coconut-producing countries in the world. The utilization of coconut shell waste into briquettes will increase the selling value and become a great export opportunity. However, the effect of adhesives on the quality of coconut shell charcoal briquettes made using screw extruder machine has not been widely studied. This study aims to determine the effect of adhesive type on the quality of coconut shell charcoal briquettes. The process of fabricating briquettes in this study included crushing, mixing, blending, pressing, and drying. In the mixing process, 3 types of adhesives were used, namely tapioca flour (Briquette_1),… More > Graphic Abstract

    Effect of Adhesive Type on the Quality of Coconut Shell Charcoal Briquettes Prepared by the Screw Extruder Machine

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Bond-Slip Behavior of Steel Bar and Recycled Steel Fibre-Reinforced Concrete

    Ismail Shah1,2, Jing Li1,3,4,*, Nauman Khan5, Hamad R. Almujibah6, Muhammad Mudassar Rehman2, Ali Raza7, Yun Peng3,4

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.031503

    Abstract Recycled steel fiber reinforced concrete is an innovative construction material that offers exceptional mechanical properties and durability. It is considered a sustainable material due to its low carbon footprint and environmental friendly characteristics. This study examines the key influencing factors that affect the behavior of this material, such as the steel fiber volume ratio, recycled aggregate replacement rate, concrete strength grade, anchorage length, and stirrup constraint. The study investigates the bond failure morphology, bond-slip, and bond strength constitutive relationship of steel fiber recycled concrete. The results show that the addition of steel fibers at 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% volume ratios… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Novel Sustainable Cellulose Acetate Based Biosensor for Glucose Detection

    M. F. Elkady1,2,*, E. M. El-Sayed2, Mahmoud Samy3, Omneya A. Koriem1, H. Shokry Hassan4,5

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.046585

    Abstract In this study, green zinc oxide (ZnO)/polypyrrole (Ppy)/cellulose acetate (CA) film has been synthesized via solvent casting. This film was used as supporting material for glucose oxidase (GOx) to sensitize a glucose biosensor. ZnO nanoparticles have been prepared via the green route using olive leaves extract as a reductant. ZnO/Ppy nanocomposite has been synthesized by a simple in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole (Py) monomer using ferric chloride (FeCl3) as an oxidizing agent. The produced materials and the composite films were characterized using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Glucose… More > Graphic Abstract

    Novel Sustainable Cellulose Acetate Based Biosensor for Glucose Detection

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Activated Carbon from Nipa Palm Fronds (Nypa fruticans) with H3PO4 and KOH Activators as Fe Adsorbers

    Ninis Hadi Haryanti1,*, Eka Suarso1, Tetti N. Manik1, Suryajaya1, Nurlita Sari1, Darminto2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.043549

    Abstract Nipa palm is one of the non-wood plants rich in lignocellulosic content. In this study, palm fronds were converted into activated carbon, and their physical, chemical, and morphological properties were characterized. The resulting activated carbon was then applied as an adsorbent of Fe metal in peat water. The carbonization process was carried out for 60 min, followed by sintering at 400°C for 5 h with a particle size of 200 mesh. KOH and H3PO4 were used in the chemical activation process for 24 h. KOH-activated carbon contained 6.13% of moisture, 4.55% of ash, 17.02% of volatile matter, and 78.84% of… More > Graphic Abstract

    Activated Carbon from Nipa Palm Fronds (<i>Nypa fruticans</i>) with H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> and KOH Activators as Fe Adsorbers

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Fabrication of UV–Curing Linalool–Polysiloxane Hybrid Films with High Refractive Index and Transparency

    Wenqing Xiao1,#, Lewen Tan1,2,#, Xunjun Chen1,*, Qiaoguang Li1,*, Yunqing Ruan1

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.046662

    Abstract In this article, a series of high refractive indices (1.50–1.53) thiol phenyl polysiloxane (TPS) were synthesized via hydrolytic sol–gel reaction. The Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT–IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (NMR) results showed that TPS conformed to the predicted structures. Natural terpene linalool was exploited as photocrosslinker to fabricate UV–curing linalool–polysiloxane hybrid films (LPH) with TPS via photoinitiated thiol–ene reaction. LPH rapidly cured under UV irradiation at the intensity of 80 mW/cm2 in 30 s, exhibiting good UV–curing properties. The optical transmittance of LPH in the wavelength of 300–800 nm was over 90%, exhibiting good optical transparency. The water… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Synthesis and Characterization of Phenyl Camellia oleifera Seed Oil Ester Plasticizing PVC

    Wenqing Xiao1,#, Yuhang Liu2,#, Yuxin He1, Qiaoguang Li1,*, Yongquan Li3,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.046780

    Abstract Plasticizers are essential additives in the processing of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), with phthalate plasticizers being widely used. However, these conventional plasticizers have been shown to be harmful to human health and environmentally unfriendly, necessitating the exploration of eco-friendly bio-based alternatives. In this study, Camellia oleifera seed oil, a specialty resource in China, was utilized as a raw material and reacted with 4,4′-Methylenebis (N,N-diglycidylaniline) (AG-80) to synthesize Phenyl Camellia seed Oil Ester (PCSOE). PCSOE was employed as a plasticizer to prepare modified PVC films with varying concentrations, with the conventional plasticizer dioctyl phthalate (DOP) serving as a control. Experimental results demonstrate… More >

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