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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Degradation of Alkaline Lignin in the Lactic Acid-Choline Chloride System under Mild Conditions

    Penghui Li1,2, Zhengwei Jiang2, Chi Yang2, Jianpeng Ren1,2, Bo Jiang1,2, Wenjuan Wu1,2,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025279

    Abstract Lignin is a natural polymer, second only to cellulose in natural reserves. Degradation is one of the ways to achieve the high-value transformation of lignin. Deep eutectic solvent (DES) thermal degradation of lignin can be used as an excellent green degradation method. This paper introduces the degradation mechanism and effect of the lactic acid-choline chloride DES system in dissolving and degrading alkaline lignin, and the final solvent recovery. It can also be found from the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images that the surface of the degraded solid product is transformed from smooth to disordered. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Comprehensive Assessment of the Safety of Eucommia ulmoides Leaf Extract for Consumption as a Traditional Chinese Health Food

    Huiling Fu1, Mijun Peng2, Qiuwen Tang2, Haojun Liang2, Yanli Liang2, Jiali Fang2,*, Xuesong Wang2,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026689

    Abstract To ensure the export quality of Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract (ELE) and facilitate E. ulmoides leaf inclusion in the directory of traditional Chinese health foods, an overall safety assessment of ELE was performed, including genotoxicity and long-term toxicity, according to the national food safety standards of China. No variations in the reverse mutation number of the nominal bacterial strains were observed under ELE treatment in comparison with the solvent control. Additionally, the micronucleus rates of in vivo mammalian erythrocytes and in vitro mammalian cells under ELE treatment were equivalent to or significantly lower than those of the solvent control. The… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    A Review of Experimental Research on the Mode I Fracture Behavior of Bamboo

    Yue Chen1,2, Haitao Li1,2,*, Lei Gao3,*, Wei Xu1,2, Rodolfo Lorenzo4, Milan Gaff5,6

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.027634

    Abstract Bamboo is an eco-friendly material with light weight, high strength, short growth cycle and high sustainability, which is widely used in building structures. Engineered bamboo has further promoted the development of modern bamboo structures due to its unrestricted size and shape. However, as a fiber-reinforced material, fracture damage, especially Mode I fracture damage, becomes the most likely damage mode of its structure, so Mode I fracture characteristics are an important subject in the research of mechanical properties of bamboo. This paper summarizes the current status of experimental research on the Mode I fracture properties of bamboo based on the three-point… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Selecting the Technology of Sodium Silicate Modified Poplar with the Highest Performance by Fuzzy Orthogonal Method

    Xiaoqian Bi1, Pengfei Guan1, Ping Li2,*, Yuan Zhang1, Xingong Li1, Yingfeng Zuo1,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026656

    Abstract Sodium silicate modification can improve the overall performance of wood. The modification process has a great influence on the properties of modified wood. In this study, a new method was introduced to analyze the wood modification process, and the properties of modified wood were studied. Poplar wood was modified with sodium silicate by vacuum-pressure impregnation. After screening using single-factor experiments, an orthogonal experiment was carried out with solution concentration, impregnation time, impregnation pressure, and the cycle times as experimental factors. The modified poplar with the best properties was selected by fuzzy mathematics and characterized by SEM, FT-IR, XRD and TG.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Remediation of Cu Contaminated Soil by Fe78Si9B13AP Permeability Reaction Barrier Combined with Electrokinetic Method

    Liefei Pei1,2, Xiangyun Zhang1, Zizhou Yuan1,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025760

    Abstract Iron-based amorphous crystalline powder Fe78Si9B13AP is used as a permeability reaction barrier (PRB) combined with an electrokinetic method (EK-PRB) to study the removal rate of Cu in contaminated soil. After treating Cucontaminated soil for 5 days under different voltage gradients and soil water content, the soil pH is between 3.1 and 7.2. The increase of voltage gradient and soil water content can effectively promote the movement of Cu2+ to the cathode. The voltage gradient is 3 V/cm, and the water content of 40% is considered to be an optional experimental condition. Therefore, under this condition, the effects of Fe78Si9B13AP and… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Hydration Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Cement-Based Materials Modified by Calcined Zeolite and Montmorillonite

    Lingling Qin1, Mengya Zhou1, Jiahao Yan1, Ping Duan1,2,3,4,*, Yingcan Zhu5,*, Wei Chen6, Zuhua Zhang7, Aiguo Wang2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025197

    Abstract Montmorillonite and clinoptilolite zeolite were used as representative materials to prepare calcined clay-cement binary cementitious materials in order to study the effect of calcination treatment on the activation of clay minerals and the activity difference between layered and framed clays in this research. The influence of different calcined clay content (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%) on the fluidity, compressive strength, microstructure, phase change, and hydration heat of cement-based materials were analyzed. The calcined clay improves the fluidity of cement-based materials as compared with the uncalcined group. The addition of calcined montmorillonite (CMT) improves the development of mechanical strength, and the… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Lateral Performance for Wood-Frame Shear Walls–A Critical Review

    Wei Xu1,2, Ottavia Corbi3,*, Seithati Mapesela1, Yue Chen1,2, Milan Gaff4,5, Haitao Li1,2,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026773

    Abstract Wood is a green material in line with the sustainable development strategy. From the excellent performance of engineering wood products, modern wood structures represented by light wood structures have gained more development opportunities. As an indispensable part of light wood structure systems, the wood-frame shear wall plays a vital role in the bearing capacity and earthquake resistance of light wood structure systems. This paper is focused on a review of the lateral performance of wood-frame shear walls and classifies the influencing factors in relevant experimental research into three categories, including internal factors such as shear wall structure, external factors such… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The Antibacterial Activities of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Laser Ablation in Different Surfactants against Streptococcus mutans

    Ruaa H. Abbas1, A. Kadhim1,*, Azhar M. Haleem2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025112

    Abstract Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were synthesised with laser ablation of a copper sheet immersed in deionized water (DW), cetrimonium bromide (CTAB), and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), respectively. The target was irradiated with a pulsed Nd: YAG laser at 1064 nm, 600 mJ, a pulse duration of 10 ns, and a repetition rate of 5 Hz. The CuO NPs colloidal were analyzed using UV–Vis spectroscopy, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, zeta potential (ZP), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The absorption spectra of CuO NPs colloidal showed peaks at 214, 215… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Role of Calcination Temperature on Isosorbide Production from Sorbitol Dehydration over the Catalyst Derived from Ce(IV) Sulfate

    Medta Boupan1,2, Kanyapak Prompang1, Achiraya Chompunuch1, Piwat Boonma1, Arthit Neramittagapong1,2,3,4, Somnuk Theerakulpisut5, Sutasinee Neramittagapong1,2,3,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026397

    Abstract Isosorbide is a multi-purpose chemical that can be produced from renewable resources. Specifically, it has been investigated as a replacement for toxic bisphenol A (BPA) in the production of polycarbonate (PC). In this study, the synthesis of isosorbide by sorbitol dehydration using a cerium-based catalyst derived from calcined cerium (IV) sulfate (300°C, 400°C, 450°C, 500°C, and 650°C) was investigated. The reaction occurred in a high-pressure reactor containing nitrogen gas. Advanced instrumental techniques were applied to analyze the characteristics of the calcined catalyst. The results showed that the calcined catalysts demonstrated different crystalline structures and sulfate species at different temperatures. However,… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    A Review of Graphene Oxide Crosslinking as Enhanced Corrosion Shield Application

    Nurul Anis Athirah Ab Aziz*, Chin Wei Lai*, Boon Hoong Ong

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol., , DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025899

    Abstract Nowadays, corrosion is not only undesirable, but it also has a significant influence on the industrial sectors and technical innovations that have demand for metals. The global economic damage is expected to reach $2.5 trillion, equivalent to more than 3.4% of the world’s GDP in 2013. It is linked with significant financial harm, manufacturing pollution, and safety issues. An electrochemical process primarily induces metal corrosion at the metalelectrolyte interface region, caused by steel oxidation and the reduction of oxygen, protons, and water. Therefore, organic and epoxy coatings can be applied as protective coatings. Additionally, it can prevent metal corrosion in… More >

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