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  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Flow Regimes in Bubble Columns with and without Internals: A Review

    Ayat N. Mahmood1, Amer A. Abdulrahman1, Laith S. Sabri1,*, Abbas J. Sultan1, Hasan Shakir Majdi2, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan3

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.2, pp. 239-256, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.028015

    Abstract Hydrodynamics characterization in terms of flow regime behavior is a crucial task to enhance the design of bubble column reactors and scaling up related methodologies. This review presents recent studies on the typical flow regimes established in bubble columns. Some effort is also provided to introduce relevant definitions pertaining to this field, namely, that of “void fraction” and related (local, chordal, cross-sectional and volumetric) variants. Experimental studies involving different parameters that affect design and operating conditions are also discussed in detail. In the second part of the review, the attention is shifted to cases with internals of various types (perforated… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An Investigation into Forced Convection of a Nanofluid Flowing in a Rectangular Microchannel under the Influence of a Magnetic Field

    Muataz S. Alhassan1, Ameer A. Alameri2, Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel3, I. B. Sapaev4,5,6, Azher M. Abed7,*, David-Juan Ramos-Huallpartupa8, Rahman S. Zabibah9

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.2, pp. 311-323, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.026782

    Abstract In line with recent studies, where it has been shown that nanofluids containing graphene have a stronger capacity to boost the heat transfer coefficient with respect to ordinary nanofluids, experiments have been conducted using water with cobalt ferrite/graphene nanoparticles. In particular, a circular channel made of copper subjected to a constant heat flux has been considered. As nanoparticles are sensitive to the presence of a magnetic field, different conditions have been examined, allowing both the strength and the frequency of such a field to span relatively wide ranges and assuming different concentrations of nanoparticles. According to the findings, the addition… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Analysis of the Influence of Geometrical Parameters on the Performance of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

    Guodong Zhang1, Huifang Tao1, Da Li1, Kewei Chen2, Guoxiang Li1,*, Shuzhan Bai1, Ke Sun1,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.1, pp. 219-237, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.025566

    Abstract A suitable channel structure can lead to efficient gas distribution and significantly improve the power density of fuel cells. In this study, the influence of two channel design parameters is investigated, namely, the ratio of the channel width to the bipolar plate ridge width (i.e., the channel ridge ratio) and the channel depth. The impact of these parameters is evaluated with respect to the flow pattern, the gas composition distribution, the temperature field and the fuel cell output capability. The results show that a decrease in the channel ridge ratio and an increase in the channel depth can effectively make… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Finite Element Method Simulation of Wellbore Stability under Different Operating and Geomechanical Conditions

    Junyan Liu1, Ju Liu1, Yan Wang1, Shuang Liu1, Qiao Wang1, Yihe Du2,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.1, pp. 205-218, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.030645

    Abstract The variation of the principal stress of formations with the working and geo-mechanical conditions can trigger wellbore instabilities and adversely affect the well completion. A finite element model, based on the theory of poro-elasticity and the Mohr-Coulomb rock damage criterion, is used here to analyze such a risk. The changes in wellbore stability before and after reservoir acidification are simulated for different pressure differences. The results indicate that the risk of wellbore instability grows with an increase in the production-pressure difference regardless of whether acidification is completed or not; the same is true for the instability area. After acidizing, the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Experimental Study on Gas Flow Uniformity in a Diesel Particulate Filter Carrier

    Zhengyong Wang1, Jianhua Zhang2, Guoliang Su3, Peixing Yang4, Xiantao Fan4, Shuzhan Bai1, Ke Sun1,*, Guihua Wang1,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.1, pp. 193-204, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.030561

    Abstract A Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) is a critical device for diesel engine exhaust products treatment. When using active-regeneration purification methods, on the one hand, a spatially irregular gas flow can produce relatively high local temperatures, potentially resulting in damage to the carrier; On the other hand, the internal temperature field can also undergo significant changes contributing to increase this risk. This study explores the gas flow uniformity in a DPF carrier and the related temperature behavior under drop-to-idle (DTI) condition by means of bench tests. It is shown that the considered silicon carbide carrier exhibits good flow uniformity, with a… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Jet Characteristics and Optimization of a Cavitation Nozzle for Hydraulic Fracturing Applications

    Yu Gao1, Zhenqiang Xu2,3,*, Kaixiang Shen2,3,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.1, pp. 179-192, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.030499

    Abstract Hydraulic jetting is a form of fracturing that involves using a high-pressure jet of water to create fractures in the reservoir rock with a nozzle serving as the central component of the hydraulic sandblasting perforation tool. In this study, the flow behavior of the nozzle is simulated numerically in the framework of a SST k-ω turbulence model. The results show that the nozzle structure can significantly influence the jet performance and related cavitation effect. Through orthogonal experiments, the nozzle geometric parameters are optimized, and the following configuration is found accordingly: contraction angle 20°, contraction segment length 6 mm, cylindrical segment… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Analysis of the Flow Field and Impact Force in High-Pressure Water Descaling

    Yue Cui1,*, Liyuan Wang2, Jian Wu1, Haisheng Liu1, Di Wu1

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.1, pp. 165-177, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.030311

    Abstract This study aims to improve the performances of the high-pressure water descaling technology used in steel hot rolling processes. In particular, a 2050 mm hot rolling line is considered, and the problem is investigated by means of a fluid–structure interaction (FSI) method by which the descaling effect produced by rolling coils with different section sizes is examined. Assuming a flat fan-shaped nozzle at the entrance of the R1R2 roughing mill, the out- flow field characteristics and the velocity distribution curve on the strike line (at a target distance of 30–120 mm) are determined. It is found that the velocity in… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The Effect of Lateral Offset Distance on the Aerodynamics and Fuel Economy of Vehicle Queues

    Lili Lei*, Ze Li, Haichao Zhou, Jing Wang, Wei Lin

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.1, pp. 147-163, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.030158

    Abstract The vehicle industry is always in search of breakthrough energy-saving and emission-reduction technologies. In recent years, vehicle intelligence has progressed considerably, and researchers are currently trying to take advantage of these developments. Here we consider the case of many vehicles forming a queue, i.e., vehicles traveling at a predetermined speed and distance apart. While the majority of existing studies on this subject have focused on the influence of the longitudinal vehicle spacing, vehicle speed, and the number of vehicles on aerodynamic drag and fuel economy, this study considers the lateral offset distance of the vehicle queue. The group fuel consumption… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Experimental and Numerical Investigation on the Aerodynamic Characteristics of High-Speed Pantographs with Supporting Beam Wind Deflectors

    Shiyang Song1,*, Tongxin Han2

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.1, pp. 127-145, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.030137

    Abstract Aiming to mitigate the aerodynamic lift force imbalance between pantograph strips, which exacerbates wear and affects the current collection performance of the pantograph-catenary system, a study has been conducted to support the beam deflector optimization using a combination of experimental measurements and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The results demonstrate that the size, position, and installation orientation of the wind deflectors significantly influence the amount of force compensation. They also indicate that the front strip deflectors should be installed downwards and the rear strip deflectors upwards, thereby forming a “π” shape. Moreover, the lift force compensation provided by the wind… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A New Distribution Method for Wet Steam Injection Optimization

    Jingjing Gao, Xingkai Zhang*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.1, pp. 109-127, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.030106

    Abstract A new approach and a new related distribution system are proposed to address the issue of uneven steam injection caused by the different suction capacities of the used wells during the application of steam “stimulation” methods for enhanced oil recovery. The new distribution system consists of a swirler, spiral dividing baffles, and critical flow nozzles. Numerical simulations are used to analyze the flow-field and degree of steam homogeneity obtained with such an approach. The results indicate that a higher inlet pressure leads to better results. Additionally, the internal flow field becomes more stable, and the deviation from an even distribution… More >

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