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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Shape-Effect in the Effective Laws of Plain and Rubberized Concrete

    E. Ferretti

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.30, No.3, pp. 237-284, 2012, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2012.030.237

    Abstract The procedure of the effective law outlined in this paper [Ferretti (2001); Ferretti and Di Leo (2003); Ferretti (2004b)] is an experimental procedure for identifying the constitutive law in uniaxial compression of brittle heterogeneous materials, and is based on the physical, analytical and numerical discussions about the existence or otherwise of strain-softening [Ferretti (2004a); Ferretti (2005)]. This procedure allows us to correct several incongruities that characterize the average stress versus average strain diagrams: it produces evidence against strain-softening in uniaxial compression [Ferretti (2004b)], whose existence may be questioned from a physical point of view [Ferretti (2004a); Ferretti (2005)], it provides… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An Enhanced Dipole Model Based Micro-Macro Description for Constitutive Behavior of MRFs

    Chunwei Zhao1,2, Xianghe Peng1,2,3, Jin Huang4, Ning Hu1,5,6

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.30, No.3, pp. 219-236, 2012, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2012.030.219

    Abstract The validity of the two conventional micro-macro descriptions for MRFs, based respectively on the exact dipole model and the simplified dipole model, is examined with the results obtained with the commercially available finite element (FE) code ANSYS. It is found that although the simplified dipole model can match better the result by FE computation, there is still a marked difference. An enhanced dipole model is then suggested, which takes into account the contribution of the magnetized particles to magnetic field. Making use of a statistical approach and neglecting the interaction between particle chains, a micro-macro approach is developed for the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    High Magnetic Field Annealing Dependent the Morphology and Microstructure of Nanocrystalline Co/Ni Bilayered Films

    Donggang Li1,2, Alexandra Levesque2, Qiang Wang1,3,2, Agnieszka Franczak2, Chun Wu1, Jean-Paul Chopart2, Jicheng He1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.30, No.3, pp. 207-218, 2012, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2012.030.207

    Abstract Co/Ni bilayered films were prepared on ITO glass by electrodeposition assisted with a magnetic field up to 0.5T aligned parallel to the electrode surface. The effect of a high magnetic field annealing up to 12T on morphology and microstructure of the post-deposited films was investigated by field emission scanning electronic microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Grain shape and grain boundary in the Co/Ni morphology were modified dramatically when the high magnetic field was applied during the annealing process. Magnetic anisotropy appeared in the films due to the preferential orientation of fcc-CoNi alloy in comparison with… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Icosahedral-Decahedral Transformation in the (PdAg)309 Cluster Induced by Ag Atomic Segregation

    Guojian Li1, Qiang Wang1, Yongze Cao1, Kai Wang1, Jiaojiao Du1, Jicheng He1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.30, No.3, pp. 195-206, 2012, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2012.030.195

    Abstract This paper studies the influence of Ag atomic segregation on the structural evolutions of the mixed (PdAg)309 clusters during the heating processes by using molecular dynamics with a general embedded atom method. The results show that the Ag atomic segregation makes the cluster exhibit a segregate-melting stage in which the energy does not monotonic increase with the increase of temperature. In this stage, the cluster first transforms to form a disorder structure from the initial icosahedron and then a decahedron. By comparing with the cases in the pure Pd309, Ag309, and core-shell (PdAg)309, it is found that the icosahedral-decahedral transformation… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Fracture Analysis of High strength and Ultra high strength Concrete beams by using Finite Element Method

    A. Ramachandra Murthy1, Nagesh R. Iyer1, B.K. Raghu Prasad2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.30, No.2, pp. 177-194, 2012, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2012.030.177

    Abstract This paper presents the details of nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) of three point bending specimens made up of high strength concrete (HSC, HSC1) and ultra high strength concrete (UHSC). Brief details about characterization and experimentation of HSC, HSC1 and UHSC have been provided. Cracking strength criterion has been used for simulation of crack propagation by conducting nonlinear FEA. The description about FEA using crack strength criterion has been outlined. Bi-linear tension softening relation has been used for modeling the cohesive stresses ahead of the crack tip. Numerical studies have been carried out on fracture analysis of three point bending… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Three-Dimensional Model of Shape Memory Alloys under Coupled Transformation and Plastic Deformation

    B. Chen1,2, X. Peng1,2,3, X. Chen1,2, J. Wang4, H. Wang4, N. Hu1,5,6

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.30, No.2, pp. 145-176, 2012, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2012.030.145

    Abstract A three-dimensional phenomenological model for coupled transformation and plastic behavior of shape memory alloys (SMAs) is presented. The strain is separated into elastic, thermal, transformation and plastic strain parts, and two yield functions are adopted to describe respectively the transformation and plastic deformation. An integral algorithm is suggested, including the update of the stress and the tangent stiffness. Numerical examples and the comparison with experimental results show that the proposed approach can well describe the behavior of the SMAs subjected to complicated thermal-mechanical loading, demonstrating the validity of the model in the description of the constitutive behavior of SMAs, including… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Dispersion of Axisymmetric Longtudinal Waves in a Pre-Strained Imperfectly Bonded Bi-Layered Hollow Cylinder

    S. D. Akbarov1,2, C. Ipek3

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.30, No.2, pp. 99-144, 2012, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2012.030.099

    Abstract This paper studies the dispersion of the axisymmetric longitudinal wave propagation in the pre-strained hollow cylinder consisting of two-layers under the shear-spring type imperfectness of the contact conditions between these layers. The investigations are made within the framework of the piecewise homogeneous body model by utilizing the 3D linearized theory of elastic waves in elastic bodies with initial stresses. It is assumed that the layers of the cylinder are made from compressible hyper-elastic materials and their elasticity relations are given through the harmonic potential. The degree of the mentioned imperfectness is estimated by the shear-spring parameter. Numerical results on the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    On the Some Particularities of the Torsional Wave Dispersion in a Finitely Pre-Deformed Hollow Sandwich Cylinder

    Surkay D. Akbarov1,2, Tamer Kepceler1, M. Mert Egilmez1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.30, No.1, pp. 83-98, 2012, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2012.030.083

    Abstract This paper develops the investigations started in a work by Akbarov, Kepceler and Mert Egilmez (2011) and studies the some particularities of the torsional wave dispersion in a finitely pre-deformed sandwich hollow cylinder. The mentioned particularities relate to the influence of the stiffness ratio of the core and face layers' materials and the influence of the thickness ratio of these layers on the dispersion character of the wave under consideration. Moreover, the mentioned influences are studied for the various values of the parameter which characterizes the initial strains in the cylinder's layers. The mechanical relations of the materials of the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Development of 3D Trefftz Voronoi Cells with Ellipsoidal Voids &/or Elastic/Rigid Inclusions for Micromechanical Modeling of Heterogeneous Materials

    Leiting Dong1, Satya N. Atluri11

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.30, No.1, pp. 39-82, 2012, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2012.030.039

    Abstract In this paper, as an extension to the authors's work in [Dong and Atluri (2011a,b, 2012a,b,c)], three-dimensional Trefftz Voronoi Cells (TVCs) with ellipsoidal voids/inclusions are developed for micromechanical modeling of heterogeneous materials. Several types of TVCs are developed, depending on the types of heterogeneity in each Voronoi Cell(VC). Each TVC can include alternatively an ellipsoidal void, an ellipsoidal elastic inclusion, or an ellipsoidal rigid inclusion. In all of these cases, an inter-VC compatible displacement field is assumed at each surface of the polyhedral VC, with Barycentric coordinates as nodal shape functions. The Trefftz trial displacement fields in each VC are… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Application of Artificial Neural Networks in Design of Steel Production Path

    Igor Grešovnik1,2, Tadej Kodelja1, Robert Vertnik2,3, Bojan Senčič3,2,3, Božidar Šarler1,2,4

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.30, No.1, pp. 19-38, 2012, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2012.030.019

    Abstract Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are employed as an alternative to physical modeling for calculation of the relations between the production path process parameters (melting of scrap steel and alloying, continuous casting, hydrogen removal, reheating, rolling, and cooling on a cooling bed) and the final product mechanical properties (elongation, tensile strength, yield stress, hardness after rolling, necking) of steel semi products. They provide a much faster technique of response evaluation complementary to physical modeling. The Štore Steel company process path for production of steel bars is used as an example for demonstrating the approach. The applied ANN is of a multilayer… More >

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