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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    AMA: Adaptive Multimodal Adversarial Attack with Dynamic Perturbation Optimization

    Yufei Shi, Ziwen He*, Teng Jin, Haochen Tong, Zhangjie Fu

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.2, pp. 1831-1848, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.067658 - 31 August 2025

    Abstract This article proposes an innovative adversarial attack method, AMA (Adaptive Multimodal Attack), which introduces an adaptive feedback mechanism by dynamically adjusting the perturbation strength. Specifically, AMA adjusts perturbation amplitude based on task complexity and optimizes the perturbation direction based on the gradient direction in real time to enhance attack efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate that AMA elevates attack success rates from approximately 78.95% to 89.56% on visual question answering and from 78.82% to 84.96% on visual reasoning tasks across representative vision-language benchmarks. These findings demonstrate AMA’s superior attack efficiency and reveal the vulnerability of current visual More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Enhancing Communication Accessibility: UrSL-CNN Approach to Urdu Sign Language Translation for Hearing-Impaired Individuals

    Khushal Das1, Fazeel Abid2, Jawad Rasheed3,4,*, Kamlish5, Tunc Asuroglu6,*, Shtwai Alsubai7, Safeeullah Soomro8

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.141, No.1, pp. 689-711, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.051335 - 20 August 2024

    Abstract Deaf people or people facing hearing issues can communicate using sign language (SL), a visual language. Many works based on rich source language have been proposed; however, the work using poor resource language is still lacking. Unlike other SLs, the visuals of the Urdu Language are different. This study presents a novel approach to translating Urdu sign language (UrSL) using the UrSL-CNN model, a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture specifically designed for this purpose. Unlike existing works that primarily focus on languages with rich resources, this study addresses the challenge of translating a sign language… More >

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