Umar Rashid^1,2,*, Arfan Jaffar^1,2, Muhammad Rashid³, Mohammed S. Alshuhri⁴, Sheeraz Akram^1,4,5

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.3, pp. 3377-3390, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.046320

Abstract Pulmonary nodules are small, round, or oval-shaped growths on the lungs. They can be benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous). The size of a nodule can range from a few millimeters to a few centimeters in diameter. Nodules may be found during a chest X-ray or other imaging test for an unrelated health problem. In the proposed methodology pulmonary nodules can be classified into three stages. Firstly, a 2D histogram thresholding technique is used to identify volume segmentation. An ant colony optimization algorithm is used to determine the optimal threshold value. Secondly, geometrical features such as lines, arcs, extended arcs, and… More >

Yasmin Alaa Hassan^1,*, Abdul Monem S. Rahma²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.1, pp. 1423-1442, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.046149

Abstract Video watermarking plays a crucial role in protecting intellectual property rights and ensuring content authenticity. This study delves into the integration of Galois Field (GF) multiplication tables, especially GF(2⁴), and their interaction with distinct irreducible polynomials. The primary aim is to enhance watermarking techniques for achieving imperceptibility, robustness, and efficient execution time. The research employs scene selection and adaptive thresholding techniques to streamline the watermarking process. Scene selection is used strategically to embed watermarks in the most vital frames of the video, while adaptive thresholding methods ensure that the watermarking process adheres to imperceptibility criteria, maintaining the video’s visual quality.… More >

Seema Sabharwal^1,2,*, Priti Singla¹

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.37, No.3, pp. 2567-2582, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.035497

Abstract Sign language is used as a communication medium in the field of trade, defence, and in deaf-mute communities worldwide. Over the last few decades, research in the domain of translation of sign language has grown and become more challenging. This necessitates the development of a Sign Language Translation System (SLTS) to provide effective communication in different research domains. In this paper, novel Hybrid Adaptive Gaussian Thresholding with Otsu Algorithm (Hybrid-AO) for image segmentation is proposed for the translation of alphabet-level Indian Sign Language (ISLTS) with a 5-layer Convolution Neural Network (CNN). The focus of this paper is to analyze various… More >

Slim Ben Chaabane^1,2,*, Rafika Harrabi^1,2, Anas Bushnag¹, Hassene Seddik²

Journal on Artificial Intelligence, Vol.4, No.4, pp. 201-214, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jai.2022.032850

Abstract Biometrics represents the technology for measuring the characteristics of the human body. Biometric authentication currently allows for secure, easy, and fast access by recognizing a person based on facial, voice, and fingerprint traits. Iris authentication is one of the essential biometric methods for identifying a person. This authentication type has become popular in research and practical applications. Unlike the face and hands, the iris is an internal organ, protected and therefore less likely to be damaged. However, the number of helpful information collected from the iris is much greater than the other biometric human organs. This work proposes a new… More >

M. J. Anitha^1,*, R. Hemalatha²

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.46, No.1, pp. 1183-1200, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.031888

Abstract Detection of cracks at the early stage is considered as very constructive since precautionary steps need to be taken to avoid the damage to the civil structures. Moreover, identifying and classifying the severity level of cracks is inevitable in order to find the stability of buildings. Hence, this paper proposes an efficient strategy to classify the cracks into fine, medium, and thick using a novel bilayer crack detection algorithm. The bilayer crack detection algorithm helps in extracting the requisite features from the crack for efficient classification. The proposed algorithm works well in the dark background and connects the discontinued cracks… More >

Hanan T. Halawani^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.3, pp. 6775-6788, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.030814

Abstract Biomedical image processing acts as an essential part of several medical applications in supporting computer aided disease diagnosis. Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) is a commonly utilized imaging tool used to save glioma for clinical examination. Biomedical image segmentation plays a vital role in healthcare decision making process which also helps to identify the affected regions in the MRI. Though numerous segmentation models are available in the literature, it is still needed to develop effective segmentation models for BT. This study develops a salp swarm algorithm with multi-level thresholding based brain tumor segmentation (SSAMLT-BTS) model. The presented SSAMLT-BTS model initially employs… More >

Ghassan Ahmed Ali¹, Thamer Mitib Ahmad Al Sariera^2,*, Muhammad Akram¹, Adel Sulaiman¹, Fekry Olayah¹

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.44, No.2, pp. 1601-1616, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.026119

Abstract Damage of the blood vessels in retina due to diabetes is called diabetic retinopathy (DR). Hemorrhages is the first clinically visible symptoms of DR. This paper presents a new technique to extract and classify the hemorrhages in fundus images. The normal objects such as blood vessels, fovea and optic disc inside retinal images are masked to distinguish them from hemorrhages. For masking blood vessels, thresholding that separates blood vessels and background intensity followed by a new filter to extract the border of vessels based on orientations of vessels are used. For masking optic disc, the image is divided into sub-images… More >

Linguo Li^1,2, Xuwen Huang², Shunqiang Qian², Zhangfei Li², Shujing Li^2,*, Romany F. Mansour³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.2, pp. 3073-3090, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.026625

Abstract In order to address the problems of Coyote Optimization Algorithm in image thresholding, such as easily falling into local optimum, and slow convergence speed, a Fuzzy Hybrid Coyote Optimization Algorithm (hereinafter referred to as FHCOA) based on chaotic initialization and reverse learning strategy is proposed, and its effect on image thresholding is verified. Through chaotic initialization, the random number initialization mode in the standard coyote optimization algorithm (COA) is replaced by chaotic sequence. Such sequence is nonlinear and long-term unpredictable, these characteristics can effectively improve the diversity of the population in the optimization algorithm. Therefore, in this paper we first… More >

R. Kanthavel^1,*, R. Dhaya², Kanagaraj Venusamy³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.3, pp. 5783-5798, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.023745

Abstract Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease that is commonly observed in people around the world. Osteoarthritis commonly affects patients who are obese and those above the age of 60. A valid knee image was generated by Computed Tomography (CT). In this work, efficient segmentation of CT images using Elephant Herding Optimization (EHO) optimization is implemented. The initial stage employs, the CT image normalization and the normalized image is incited to image enhancement through histogram correlation. Consequently, the enhanced image is segmented by utilizing Niblack and Bernsen algorithm. The (EHO) optimized outcome is evaluated in two steps. The initial step… More >

Supreet Singh^1,2, Nitin Mittal¹, Urvinder Singh², Rohit Salgotra², Atef Zaguia³, Dilbag Singh^4,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.2, pp. 3445-3462, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.023004

Abstract This paper provides a new optimization algorithm named as tunicate swarm naked mole-rat algorithm (TSNMRA) which uses hybridization concept of tunicate swarm algorithm (TSA) and naked mole-rat algorithm (NMRA). This newly developed algorithm uses the characteristics of both algorithms (TSA and NMRA) and enhance the exploration abilities of NMRA. Apart from the hybridization concept, important parameter of NMRA such as mating factor is made to be self-adaptive with the help of simulated annealing mutation operator and there is no need to define its value manually. For evaluating the working capabilities of proposed TSNMRA, it is tested for 100-digit challenge (CEC… More >