Mohammed H. Alsharif¹, Md. Sanwar Hossain², Abu Jahid³, Muhammad Asghar Khan⁴, Bong Jun Choi^5,*, Samih M. Mostafa^6,7

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.3, pp. 4803-4818, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.023500 - 14 January 2022

Abstract Since around 1980, a new generation of wireless technology has arisen approximately every 10 years. First-generation (1G) and second-generation (2G) began with voice and eventually introduced more and more data in third-generation (3G) and became highly popular in the fourth-generation (4G). To increase the data rate along with low latency and mass connectivity the fifth-generation (5G) networks are being installed from 2020. However, the 5G technology will not be able to fulfill the data demand at the end of this decade. Therefore, it is expected that 6G communication networks will rise, providing better services through… More >

Mohammed H. Alsharif¹, Mahmoud A. M. Albreem², Ahmad A. A. Solyman³, Sunghwan Kim^4,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2831-2842, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.013176 - 28 December 2020

Abstract Future networks communication scenarios by the 2030s will include notable applications are three-dimensional (3D) calls, haptics communications, unmanned mobility, tele-operated driving, bio-internet of things, and the Nano-internet of things. Unlike the current scenario in which megahertz bandwidth are sufficient to drive the audio and video components of user applications, the future networks of the 2030s will require bandwidths in several gigahertzes (GHz) (from tens of gigahertz to 1 terahertz [THz]) to perform optimally. Based on the current radio frequency allocation chart, it is not possible to obtain such a wide contiguous radio spectrum below 90… More >