Yasmine M. Ibrahim1,2, Reem Essameldin3, Saad M. Darwish1,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.1, pp. 243-262, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.047840
- 25 April 2024
Abstract Detecting hate speech automatically in social media forensics has emerged as a highly challenging task due to the complex nature of language used in such platforms. Currently, several methods exist for classifying hate speech, but they still suffer from ambiguity when differentiating between hateful and offensive content and they also lack accuracy. The work suggested in this paper uses a combination of the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to adjust the weights of two Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLPs) for neutrosophic sets classification. During the training process of the MLP, the WOA is More >