Yingying Lan, Bo Liu^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2026.075706 - 29 January 2026

Abstract In this work, the Hierarchical Quadrature Element Method (HQEM) formulation of geometrically exact shells is proposed and applied for geometrically nonlinear analyses of both isotropic and laminated shells. The stress resultant formulation is developed within the HQEM framework, consequently significantly simplifying the computations of residual force and stiffness matrix. The present formulation inherently avoids shear and membrane locking, benefiting from its high-order approximation property. Furthermore, HQEM’s independent nodal distribution capability conveniently supports local p-refinement and flexibly facilitates mesh generation in various structural configurations through the combination of quadrilateral and triangular elements. Remarkably, in lateral buckling… More >

Ehsan Arshid^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.074898 - 29 January 2026

Abstract In this work, a computational modelling and analysis framework is developed to investigate the thermal buckling behavior of doubly-curved composite shells reinforced with graphene-origami (G-Ori) auxetic metamaterials. A semi-analytical formulation based on the First-Order Shear Deformation Theory (FSDT) and the principle of virtual displacements is established, and closed-form solutions are derived via Navier’s method for simply supported boundary conditions. The G-Ori metamaterial reinforcements are treated as programmable constructs whose effective thermo-mechanical properties are obtained via micromechanical homogenization and incorporated into the shell model. A comprehensive parametric study examines the influence of folding geometry, dispersion arrangement, More >

Sarina Sulaiman^*, Muhammad Faris

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0105 - 23 January 2026

Abstract In this study, Palm kernel shell (PKS) is utilized as a raw material to produce activated biochar as adsorbent for dye removal from wastewater, specifically methylene blue (MB) dye, by utilizing a simplified and cost-effective approach. Production of activated biochar was carried out using both a furnace and a domestic microwave oven without an inert atmosphere. Three samples of palm kernel shell (PKS) based activated biochar labeled as samples A, B and C were carbonized inside the furnace at 800°C for 1 h and then activated using the microwave-heating technique with varying heating times (0,… More >

Najiba Hasan Hamad^1,*, Ranj Sirwan Abdullah², Ahmed Mohammed Adham²

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.073377 - 27 December 2025

Abstract Coiled tube heat exchangers are widely preferred in shell structures due to their superior heat transfer performance, driven by favorable flow characteristics. This study investigates the effect of modifying coil and shell configurations on heat transfer efficiency. Two key enhancements were examined: adding fins to the outer coil surface and integrating longitudinal slots within a hollowed shell. These modifications promote turbulence and extend heat transfer duration, thereby improving performance. However, they also introduce challenges, including increased pressure loss and manufacturing complexity. Numerical simulations were conducted using ANSYS Fluent 2024R1 under identical boundary conditions. With a… More > Graphic Abstract

Si-Kai Wang¹, Ti-Cai Wang¹, Di-Fei Yi², Jia Rui³, Peng-Fei Cao⁴, Hua-Ping Wang^1,5,*

Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.19, No.6, pp. 1411-1432, 2025, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2025.070034 - 17 November 2025

Abstract As a key storage facility, the structural safety of large oil tanks is directly related to the stable operation of the energy system. The static pressure caused by the change of liquid level is one of the main loads in the service process of storage tanks, which determines the structural deformation and damage risk. To explore the structural deformation properties under the change of liquid levels and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of damage risk, this paper systematically analyzes the mechanical response of storage tanks under the pressures induced by different… More > Graphic Abstract

Jeyapaul Angel Ida Chellam¹, Bright Brailson Mansingh², Daniel Stalin Alex³, Joseph Selvi Binoj^4,*

Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.42, No.3, pp. 773-794, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jpm.2025.069295 - 30 September 2025

Abstract Machine learning models can predict material properties quickly and accurately at a low computational cost. This study generated novel hybridized nanocomposites with unsaturated polyester resin as the matrix and Areca fruit husk fiber (AFHF), tamarind fruit fiber (TFF), and nano-sized coconut shell powder (NCSP). It is challenging to determine the optimal proportion of raw materials in this composite to achieve maximum mechanical properties. This task was accomplished with the help of ML techniques in this study. The tensile strength of the hybridized nanocomposite was increased by 134.06% compared to the neat unsaturated polyester resin at… More >

Deepti Rekha Sahoo, Trinath Biswal^*

Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.42, No.3, pp. 811-835, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jpm.2025.067022 - 30 September 2025

Abstract The purpose of this research work is to determine the removal efficiency of Cu²⁺ and Pb²⁺ ions using polyvinyl alcohol/neem leaf extract/chitosan (PVA/NLE/CS) composite films as adsorbent materials from an aqueous medium, with respect to pH, contact time, and adsorbent dosage. The synthesized composite material was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis-Derivative Thermogravimetry (TGA-DTG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The antibacterial activity and swelling response of the material were studied using suitable methodologies. The FTIR study confirmed the interactions among PVA, chitosan, and… More >

Suppakit Eiadtrong^1,2,#, Tan N. Nguyen^3,#,*, Mohamed-Ouejdi Belarbi⁴, Nuttawit Wattanasakulpong^1,2,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.3, pp. 2819-2848, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.069481 - 30 September 2025

Abstract An improved meshfree moving-Kriging (MK) formulation for free vibration analysis of functionally graded material-functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (FGM-FGCNTRC) sandwich shells is first proposed in this article. The proposed sandwich structure consists of skins of FGM layers and an FGCNTRC core. This structure possesses all the advantages of FGM and FGCNTRC, including high electrical or thermal insulating properties, high fatigue resistance, good corrosion resistance, high stiffness, low density, high strength, and high aspect ratios. Such sandwich structures can be used to replace conventional FGM structures. The present formulation has been established by using an improved More >

Tri Susanti^1,2, Syahnur Haqiqoh¹, Pratiwi Pudjiastuti^2,*, Siti Wafiroh^2,*, Esti Hendradi³, Oktavia Eka Puspita⁴, Nashriq Jailani⁵

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.9, pp. 1841-1857, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02024-0084 - 22 September 2025

Abstract This study aims to enhance the mechanical properties, disintegration, and dissolution rates of cross-linked carrageenan (CRG) capsule shells by shortening the long chains of CRG through a hydrolysis reaction with citric acid (CA). The hydrolysis of CRG was carried out using varying concentrations of CA, resulting in hydrolyzed CRG (HCRG). This was followed by cross-linking with xanthan gum (XG) and the addition of sorbitol (SOR) as a plasticizer. The results indicated that the optimal swelling capacity of HCRG-XG/SOR hard-shell capsules occurred at a CA concentration of 0.5%, achieving a maximum swelling rate of 445.39% after… More >

Bunyamin Bunyamin^1,2, Taufiq Saidi³, Sugiarto Sugiarto^3,4, Muttaqin Hasan^3,*

Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.19, No.5, pp. 1089-1109, 2025, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2025.066887 - 05 September 2025

Abstract Aceh in Indonesia is rich in marine resources and abundant fishery products such as oyster. Traditionally, fishermen only harvest oysters and discard the shells, which can cause pollution and environmental contamination. Waste Oyster Shells (WOS) contain a high percentage of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) that experiences thermal decomposition at high temperature, following the reaction CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂ (ΔT = 825°C). At temperature > 900°C, dead-burned lime is formed, which severely influences CaO reactivity. However, the optimum temperature for producing high CaO content is still uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the optimum calcination temperature to… More > Graphic Abstract