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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    SAPEM: Secure Attestation of Program Execution and Program Memory for IoT Applications

    Nafisa Ahmed1, Manar Abu Talib2,*, Qassim Nasir3

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 23-49, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014523

    Abstract Security is one of the major challenges that devices connected to the Internet of Things (IoT) face today. Remote attestation is used to measure these devices’ trustworthiness on the network by measuring the device platform’s integrity. Several software-based attestation mechanisms have been proposed, but none of them can detect runtime attacks. Although some researchers have attempted to tackle these attacks, the proposed techniques require additional secured hardware parts to be integrated with the attested devices to achieve their aim. These solutions are expensive and not suitable in many cases. This paper proposes a dual attestation process, SAPEM, with two phases:… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Securing Technique Using Pattern-Based LSB Audio Steganography and Intensity-Based Visual Cryptography

    Pranati Rakshit1, Sreeparna Ganguly1, Souvik Pal2, Ayman A. Aly3, Dac-Nhuong Le4,5,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 1207-1224, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014293

    Abstract With the increasing need of sensitive or secret data transmission through public network, security demands using cryptography and steganography are becoming a thirsty research area of last few years. These two techniques can be merged and provide better security which is nowadays extremely required. The proposed system provides a novel method of information security using the techniques of audio steganography combined with visual cryptography. In this system, we take a secret image and divide it into several subparts to make more than one incomprehensible sub-images using the method of visual cryptography. Each of the sub-images is then hidden within individual… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Security Requirement Management for Cloud-Assisted and Internet of Things—Enabled Smart City

    Muhammad Usman Tariq1, Muhammad Babar2, Mian Ahmad Jan3,4,5,*, Akmal Saeed Khattak6, Mohammad Dahman Alshehri7, Abid Yahya8

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 625-639, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014165

    Abstract The world is rapidly changing with the advance of information technology. The expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) is a huge step in the development of the smart city. The IoT consists of connected devices that transfer information. The IoT architecture permits on-demand services to a public pool of resources. Cloud computing plays a vital role in developing IoT-enabled smart applications. The integration of cloud computing enhances the offering of distributed resources in the smart city. Improper management of security requirements of cloud-assisted IoT systems can bring about risks to availability, security, performance, confidentiality, and privacy. The key reason… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Authenblue: A New Authentication Protocol for the Industrial Internet of Things

    Rachid Zagrouba1,*, Asayel AlAbdullatif1, Kholood AlAjaji1, Norah Al-Serhani1, Fahd Alhaidari1, Abdullah Almuhaideb2, Atta-ur-Rahman2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 1103-1119, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014035

    Abstract The Internet of Things (IoT) is where almost anything can be controlled and managed remotely by means of sensors. Although the IoT evolution led to quality of life enhancement, many of its devices are insecure. The lack of robust key management systems, efficient identity authentication, low fault tolerance, and many other issues lead to IoT devices being easily targeted by attackers. In this paper we propose a new authentication protocol called Authenblue that improve the authentication process of IoT devices and Coordinators of Personal Area Network (CPANs) in an Industrial IoT (IIoT) environment. This study proposed Authenblue protocol as a… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Estimating Security Risk of Healthcare Web Applications: A Design Perspective

    Fahad A. Alzahrani*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 187-209, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014007

    Abstract In the recent years, the booming web-based applications have attracted the hackers’ community. The security risk of the web-based hospital management system (WBHMS) has been increasing rapidly. In the given context, the main goal of all security professionals and website developers is to maintain security divisions and improve on the user’s confidence and satisfaction. At this point, the different WBHMS tackle different types of security risks. In WBHMS, the security of the patients’ medical information is of utmost importance. All in all, there is an inherent security risk of data and assets in the field of the medical industry as… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Blockchain-Enabled EHR Framework for Internet of Medical Things

    Lewis Nkenyereye1,*, S. M. Riazul Islam2, Mahmud Hossain3, M. Abdullah-Al-Wadud4, Atif Alamri4

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 211-221, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.013796

    Abstract The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) offers an infrastructure made of smart medical equipment and software applications for healthcare services. Through the internet, the IoMT is capable of providing remote medical diagnosis and timely health services. The patients can use their smart devices to create, store and share their electronic health records (EHR) with a variety of medical personnel including medical doctors and nurses. However, unless the underlying commination within IoMT is secured, malicious users can intercept, modify and even delete the sensitive EHR data of patients. Patients also lose full control of their EHR since most healthcare services within… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Phase Estimation Algorithm for Quantum Speed-Up Multi-Party Computing

    Wenbin Yu1, Hao Feng1, Yinsong Xu1, Na Yin1, Yadang Chen2,3, Zhi-Xin Yang3,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.1, pp. 241-252, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.012649

    Abstract Security and privacy issues have attracted the attention of researchers in the field of IoT as the information processing scale grows in sensor networks. Quantum computing, theoretically known as an absolutely secure way to store and transmit information as well as a speed-up way to accelerate local or distributed classical algorithms that are hard to solve with polynomial complexity in computation or communication. In this paper, we focus on the phase estimation method that is crucial to the realization of a general multi-party computing model, which is able to be accelerated by quantum algorithms. A novel multi-party phase estimation algorithm… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Blockchain Consistency Check Protocol for Improved Reliability

    Mohammed Alwabel, Youngmi Kwon*

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.36, No.2, pp. 281-292, 2021, DOI:10.32604/csse.2021.014630

    Abstract Blockchain is a technology that provides security features that can be used for more than just cryptocurrencies. Blockchain achieves security by saving the information of one block in the next block. Changing the information of one block will require changes to all the next block in order for that change to take effect. Which makes it unfeasible for such an attack to happen. However, the structure of how blockchain works makes the last block always vulnerable for attacks, given that its information is not saved yet in any block. This allows malicious node to change the information of the last… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Machine Learning Empowered Security Management and Quality of Service Provision in SDN-NFV Environment

    Shumaila Shahzadi1, Fahad Ahmad1,*, Asma Basharat1, Madallah Alruwaili2, Saad Alanazi2, Mamoona Humayun2, Muhammad Rizwan1, Shahid Naseem3

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2723-2749, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014594

    Abstract With the rising demand for data access, network service providers face the challenge of growing their capital and operating costs while at the same time enhancing network capacity and meeting the increased demand for access. To increase efficacy of Software Defined Network (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) framework, we need to eradicate network security configuration errors that may create vulnerabilities to affect overall efficiency, reduce network performance, and increase maintenance cost. The existing frameworks lack in security, and computer systems face few abnormalities, which prompts the need for different recognition and mitigation methods to keep the system in the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Understanding Research Trends in Android Malware Research Using Information Modelling Techniques

    Jaiteg Singh1, Tanya Gera1, Farman Ali2, Deepak Thakur1, Karamjeet Singh3, Kyung-sup Kwak4,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2655-2670, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014504

    Abstract Android has been dominating the smartphone market for more than a decade and has managed to capture 87.8% of the market share. Such popularity of Android has drawn the attention of cybercriminals and malware developers. The malicious applications can steal sensitive information like contacts, read personal messages, record calls, send messages to premium-rate numbers, cause financial loss, gain access to the gallery and can access the user’s geographic location. Numerous surveys on Android security have primarily focused on types of malware attack, their propagation, and techniques to mitigate them. To the best of our knowledge, Android malware literature has never… More >

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