Mohammed Maray¹, Hamed Alqahtani², Saud S. Alotaibi³, Fatma S. Alrayes⁴, Nuha Alshuqayran⁵, Mrim M. Alnfiai⁶, Amal S. Mehanna⁷, Mesfer Al Duhayyim^8,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 3101-3115, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.032969 - 31 October 2022

Abstract Cloud Computing (CC) is the most promising and advanced technology to store data and offer online services in an effective manner. When such fast evolving technologies are used in the protection of computer-based systems from cyberattacks, it brings several advantages compared to conventional data protection methods. Some of the computer-based systems that effectively protect the data include Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), mobile devices, desktop and laptop computer, and critical systems. Malicious software (malware) is nothing but a type of software that targets the computer-based systems so as to launch cyber-attacks and threaten… More >

Muhammad Nadeem¹, Ali Arshad^2,*, Saman Riaz², Syeda Wajiha Zahra¹, Ashit Kumar Dutta³, Moteeb Al Moteri⁴, Sultan Almotairi⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 4059-4079, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.032882 - 31 October 2022

Abstract Many symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithms have been developed in cloud computing to transmit data in a secure form. Cloud cryptography is a data encryption mechanism that consists of different steps and prevents the attacker from misusing the data. This paper has developed an efficient algorithm to protect the data from invaders and secure the data from misuse. If this algorithm is applied to the cloud network, the attacker will not be able to access the data. To encrypt the data, the values of the bytes have been obtained by converting the plain text to… More >

Mesfer Al Duhayyim^1,*, Mohammed Maray², Ayman Qahmash², Fatma S. Alrayes³, Nuha Alshuqayran⁴, Jaber S. Alzahrani⁵, Mohammed Alghamdi^2,6, Abdullah Mohamed⁷

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 3133-3149, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.032740 - 31 October 2022

Abstract Nowadays, security plays an important role in Internet of Things (IoT) environment especially in medical services’ domains like disease prediction and medical data storage. In healthcare sector, huge volumes of data are generated on a daily basis, owing to the involvement of advanced health care devices. In general terms, health care images are highly sensitive to alterations due to which any modifications in its content can result in faulty diagnosis. At the same time, it is also significant to maintain the delicate contents of health care images during reconstruction stage. Therefore, an encryption system is… More >

Sajjad Ahmad¹, Imran Raza¹, M. Hasan Jamal¹, Sirojiddin Djuraev², Soojung Hur³, Imran Ashraf^3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 2363-2377, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.032694 - 31 October 2022

Abstract Vehicle-to-grid technology is an emerging field that allows unused power from Electric Vehicles (EVs) to be used by the smart grid through the central aggregator. Since the central aggregator is connected to the smart grid through a wireless network, it is prone to cyber-attacks that can be detected and mitigated using an intrusion detection system. However, existing intrusion detection systems cannot be used in the vehicle-to-grid network because of the special requirements and characteristics of the vehicle-to-grid network. In this paper, the effect of denial-of-service attacks of malicious electric vehicles on the central aggregator of… More >

Mahima Dahiya^*, Nitin Nitin

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 4183-4201, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.032430 - 31 October 2022

Abstract Intrusion detection is critical to guaranteeing the safety of the data in the network. Even though, since Internet commerce has grown at a breakneck pace, network traffic kinds are rising daily, and network behavior characteristics are becoming increasingly complicated, posing significant hurdles to intrusion detection. The challenges in terms of false positives, false negatives, low detection accuracy, high running time, adversarial attacks, uncertain attacks, etc. lead to insecure Intrusion Detection System (IDS). To offset the existing challenge, the work has developed a secure Data Mining Intrusion detection system (DataMIDS) framework using Functional Perturbation (FP) feature… More >

Junhyoung Oh¹, Kyungho Lee^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 3579-3606, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.031491 - 31 October 2022

Abstract As technology develops, the amount of information being used has increased a lot. Every company learns big data to provide customized services with its customers. Accordingly, collecting and analyzing data of the data subject has become one of the core competencies of the companies. However, when collecting and using it, the authority of the data subject may be violated. The data often identifies its subject by itself, and even if it is not a personal information that infringes on an individual’s authority, the moment it is connected, it becomes important and sensitive personal information that… More >

Saqib Ali^1,*, Raja Waseem Anwar²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 4381-4398, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.031472 - 31 October 2022

Abstract Distributed control systems (DCS) have revolutionized the communication process and attracted more interest due to their pervasive computing nature (cyber/physical), their monitoring capabilities and the benefits they offer. However, due to distributed communication, flexible network topologies and lack of central control, the traditional security strategies are inadequate for meeting the unique characteristics of DCS. Moreover, malicious and untrustworthy nodes pose a significant threat during the formation of a DCS network. Trust-based secure systems not only monitor and track the behavior of the nodes but also enhance the security by identifying and isolating the malicious node, More >

Ademola Olusola Adesina¹, Patrick Seun Ayobioloja², Ibidun Christiana Obagbuwa³, Tola John Odule¹, Adenrele A. Afolorunso², Sunday Adeola Ajagbe^4,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 2661-2675, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.031245 - 31 October 2022

Abstract CAPTCHA is an acronym that stands for Completely Automated Public Turing Test to tell Computers and Humans Apart (CAPTCHA), it is a good example of an authentication system that can be used to determine the true identity of any user. It serves as a security measure to prevent an attack caused by web bots (automatic programs) during an online transaction. It can come as text-based or image-based depending on the project and the programmer. The usability and robustness, as well as level of security, provided each of the varies and call for the development of… More >

Muhammad Nadeem¹, Ali Arshad², Saman Riaz², Syeda Wajiha Zahra¹, Shahab S. Band³, Amir Mosavi^4,5,6,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 2625-2640, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.030899 - 31 October 2022

Abstract Many organizations have insisted on protecting the cloud server from the outside, although the risks of attacking the cloud server are mostly from the inside. There are many algorithms designed to protect the cloud server from attacks that have been able to protect the cloud server attacks. Still, the attackers have designed even better mechanisms to break these security algorithms. Cloud cryptography is the best data protection algorithm that exchanges data between authentic users. In this article, one symmetric cryptography algorithm will be designed to secure cloud server data, used to send and receive cloud… More >

Muhammad Nadeem¹, Ali Arshad², Saman Riaz², SyedaWajiha Zahra¹, Muhammad Rashid², Shahab S. Band^3,*, Amir Mosavi^4,5,6

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.2, pp. 2641-2659, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.028796 - 31 October 2022

Abstract Cloud computing is one of the most attractive and cost-saving models, which provides online services to end-users. Cloud computing allows the user to access data directly from any node. But nowadays, cloud security is one of the biggest issues that arise. Different types of malware are wreaking havoc on the clouds. Attacks on the cloud server are happening from both internal and external sides. This paper has developed a tool to prevent the cloud server from spamming attacks. When an attacker attempts to use different spamming techniques on a cloud server, the attacker will be More >