Jihoon Sung¹, Yeunwoong Kyung^2,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.3, pp. 2891-2911, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.051772

Abstract Industrial wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have been widely deployed in various industrial sectors, providing services such as manufacturing process monitoring, equipment control, and sensor data collection. A notable characteristic of industrial WMNs is their distinct traffic pattern, where the majority of traffic flows originate from mesh nodes and are directed towards mesh gateways. In this context, this paper adopts and revisits a routing algorithm known as ALFA (autonomous load-balancing field-based anycast routing), tailored specifically for anycast (one-to-one-of-many) networking in WMNs, where traffic flows can be served through any one of multiple gateways. In essence, the… More >

Meignanamoorthi Dhandapani^*, V. Vetriselvi, R. Aishwarya

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.3, pp. 2449-2486, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.050986

Abstract The emergence of beyond 5G networks has the potential for seamless and intelligent connectivity on a global scale. Network slicing is crucial in delivering services for different, demanding vertical applications in this context. Next-generation applications have time-sensitive requirements and depend on the most efficient routing path to ensure packets reach their intended destinations. However, the existing IP (Internet Protocol) over a multi-domain network faces challenges in enforcing network slicing due to minimal collaboration and information sharing among network operators. Conventional inter-domain routing methods, like Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), cannot make routing decisions based on performance,… More >

Yu Song¹, Xusheng Qian², Nan Zhang³, Wei Wang², Ao Xiong^1,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.2, pp. 3007-3021, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.051217

Abstract To enhance the efficiency and expediency of issuing e-licenses within the power sector, we must confront the challenge of managing the surging demand for data traffic. Within this realm, the network imposes stringent Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, revealing the inadequacies of traditional routing allocation mechanisms in accommodating such extensive data flows. In response to the imperative of handling a substantial influx of data requests promptly and alleviating the constraints of existing technologies and network congestion, we present an architecture for QoS routing optimization with in Software Defined Network (SDN), leveraging deep reinforcement learning. This… More >

Qiong Yang¹, Li Ma^1,2,*, Shanshan Tu¹, Sami Ullah³, Muhammad Waqas^4,5, Hisham Alasmary⁶

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.2, pp. 2035-2062, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.049970

Abstract Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a standard inter-domain routing protocol for the Internet that conveys network layer reachability information and establishes routes to different destinations. The BGP protocol exhibits security design defects, such as an unconditional trust mechanism and the default acceptance of BGP route announcements from peers by BGP neighboring nodes, easily triggering prefix hijacking, path forgery, route leakage, and other BGP security threats. Meanwhile, the traditional BGP security mechanism, relying on a public key infrastructure, faces issues like a single point of failure and a single point of trust. The decentralization, anti-tampering, and More >

Amal Hkiri^1,*, Hamzah Faraj², Omar Ben Bahri², Mouna Karmani¹, Sami Alqurashi², Mohsen Machhout¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.2, pp. 1835-1854, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.049207

Abstract The Internet of Things (IoT) has witnessed a significant surge in adoption, particularly through the utilization of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), which comprise small internet-connected devices. These deployments span various environments and offer a multitude of benefits. However, the widespread use of battery-powered devices introduces challenges due to their limited hardware resources and communication capabilities. In response to this, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has developed the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks (RPL) to address the unique requirements of such networks. Recognizing the critical role of RPL in maintaining high performance,… More >

Haosong Gou¹, Gaoyi Zhang¹, Renê Ripardo Calixto², Senthil Kumar Jagatheesaperumal³, Victor Hugo C. de Albuquerque^2,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.1, pp. 1077-1102, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.047806

Abstract Large-scale wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play a critical role in monitoring dangerous scenarios and responding to medical emergencies. However, the inherent instability and error-prone nature of wireless links present significant challenges, necessitating efficient data collection and reliable transmission services. This paper addresses the limitations of existing data transmission and recovery protocols by proposing a systematic end-to-end design tailored for medical event-driven cluster-based large-scale WSNs. The primary goal is to enhance the reliability of data collection and transmission services, ensuring a comprehensive and practical approach. Our approach focuses on refining the hop-count-based routing scheme to achieve… More >

Youseef Alotaibi¹, B. Rajasekar², R. Jayalakshmi³, Surendran Rajendran^4,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.3, pp. 4243-4262, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.047608

Abstract Rapid development in Information Technology (IT) has allowed several novel application regions like large outdoor vehicular networks for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) transmission. Vehicular networks give a safe and more effective driving experience by presenting time-sensitive and location-aware data. The communication occurs directly between V2V and Base Station (BS) units such as the Road Side Unit (RSU), named as a Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I). However, the frequent topology alterations in VANETs generate several problems with data transmission as the vehicle velocity differs with time. Therefore, the scheme of an effectual routing protocol for reliable and stable communications… More >

Pu Zhang¹, Yingjun Li¹, Xinyu Zhu¹, Shizhan Xu¹, Pinwu Guan^1,*, Wei Liu², Yanwei Guo², Haibo Wang²

Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 143-159, 2024, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2024.046986

Abstract Grouting defects are an inherent challenge in construction practices, exerting a considerable impact on the operational structural integrity of connections. This investigation employed the impact-echo technique for the detection of grouting anomalies within connections, enhancing its precision through the integration of wavelet packet energy principles for damage identification purposes. A series of grouting completeness assessments were meticulously conducted, taking into account variables such as the divergent material properties of the sleeves and the configuration of adjacent reinforcement. The findings revealed that: (i) the energy distribution for the high-strength concrete cohort predominantly occupied the frequency bands More >

Shiyan Zhang^1,*, Ruohan Xu², Zhangbo Xu³, Cenhua Yu¹, Yuyang Jiang¹, Yuting Zhao⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.2, pp. 2287-2308, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.046550

Abstract The 6th generation mobile networks (6G) network is a kind of multi-network interconnection and multi-scenario coexistence network, where multiple network domains break the original fixed boundaries to form connections and convergence. In this paper, with the optimization objective of maximizing network utility while ensuring flows performance-centric weighted fairness, this paper designs a reinforcement learning-based cloud-edge autonomous multi-domain data center network architecture that achieves single-domain autonomy and multi-domain collaboration. Due to the conflict between the utility of different flows, the bandwidth fairness allocation problem for various types of flows is formulated by considering different defined reward… More >

Nadeem Ahmed^1,*, Khalid Mohammadani², Ali Kashif Bashir^3,4,5, Marwan Omar⁶, Angel Jones⁷, Fayaz Hassan¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.1, pp. 633-659, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.031342

Abstract Wireless technology is transforming the future of transportation through the development of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). However, intricate security challenges are intertwined with technological progress: Vehicular ad hoc Networks (VANETs), a core component of IoV, face security issues, particularly the Black Hole Attack (BHA). This malicious attack disrupts the seamless flow of data and threatens the network’s overall reliability; also, BHA strategically disrupts communication pathways by dropping data packets from legitimate nodes altogether. Recognizing the importance of this challenge, we have introduced a new solution called ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector-Reputation-based mechanism Local Outlier… More >