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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Linear and Non-Linear Dynamics of Inertial Waves in a Rotating Cylinder with Antiparallel Inclined Ends

    Mariya Shiryaeva1, Mariya Subbotina2, Stanislav Subbotin1,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 787-802, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.048165

    Abstract This work is devoted to the experimental study of inertial wave regimes in a non-uniform rotating cylinder with antiparallel inclined ends. In this setting, the cross-section of the cylinder is divided into two regions where the fluid depth increases or decreases with radius. Three different regimes are found: inertial wave attractor, global oscillations (the cavity’s resonant modes) and regime of symmetric reflection of wave beams. In linear wave regimes, a steady single vortex elongated along the rotation axis is generated. The location of the wave’s interaction with the sloping ends determines the vortex position and the vorticity sign. In non-linear… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    THE IMPACT OF THE RESONANCE TUBE ON PERFORMANCE OF A THERMOACOUSTIC STACK

    Channarong Wanthaa, Kriengkrai Assawamartbunluea,*

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.2, No.4, pp. 1-8, 2011, DOI:10.5098/hmt.v2.4.3006

    Abstract This paper presents a study of the impact of the resonance tube on performance of a thermoacoustic stack. The resonance tube is a key component of a standing-wave thermoacoustic refrigerator. The appropriated resonance tube’s length leads to an increase of performance of the stack in terms of the temperature difference. The results also indicate that the optimal operating frequency differs from the design based on the equation of a half-wavelength. The resonance tube length is elongated to compensate for some effects that occur in the resonance tube, especially when the stack is placed in the resonance tube. The relationship of… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Congenital Absence of Pericardium: The Largest Systematic Review in the Field on 247 Worldwide Cases (1977-Now)

    Pier Paolo Bassareo1,2,3,*, Aurelio Secinaro4, Paolo Ciliberti5, Massimo Chessa6,7, Marco Alfonso Perrone5,8, Kevin Patrick Walsh1,2,3, Colin Joseph Mcmahon2,3

    Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.18, No.6, pp. 595-610, 2023, DOI:10.32604/chd.2023.046229

    Abstract Background: Congenital absence of pericardium (CAP), also known as pericardial agenesis, represents an uncommon cardiac abnormality and mostly incidental finding. It can be subdivided into complete and partial (left or right-sided) forms. Because of its infrequency, just case reports and a few case series have been released so far. This paper represents the largest systematic review in the field. Nine features (age at diagnosis, type, gender, clinical presentation, electrocardiography, imaging (ultrasounds, CT/MRI), concomitant cardiac defects, and outcome) were analysed. Methods: The electronic database PubMed was investigated from its establishment up to July 15th, 2023. Just case reports and case series… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Comparison of 2D and 4D Flow MRI Measurements for Hemodynamic Evaluation of the Fontan Palliation

    Elisa Listo1,#, Nicola Martini2,#, Stefano Salvadori3, Elisa Valenti3, Nicola Stagnaro1, Gianluca Trocchio4, Chiara Marrone5, Alberto Clemente6, Francesca Raimondi7,*, Pierluigi Festa5, Lamia Ait Ali5,8,*

    Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.18, No.6, pp. 627-638, 2023, DOI:10.32604/chd.2023.030312

    Abstract Background: The assessment of Fontan circuit’s flow is traditionally evaluated by multiple through-plane phase-contrast MRI acquisitions (2D flow), while recently, a single volumetric 4D-flow MRI acquisition is emerging as a comprehensive tool for the hemodynamic evaluation in congenital heart diseases. Purpose: To compare 2D and 4D-flow MRI measurements in patients after Fontan palliation and to evaluate parameters affecting potential disagreement. Methods: 39 patients after Fontan palliation (23 males, age 22 ± 11 years) who underwent cardiac MRI with 2D and 4D-flow MRI acquisition were included in the study. In all patients, blood flow quantification in the Fontan circuit and aorta… More > Graphic Abstract

    Comparison of 2D and 4D Flow MRI Measurements for Hemodynamic Evaluation of the Fontan Palliation

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The Effect of Atrial Septal Defect Closure on Cardiac Volumetric Changes in Adults, Transcatheter Versus Surgical Closure, a Pilot Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Study

    Amr Mansour1, Noha M. Gamal2,*, Alaa M. Nady3, Amr Ibraheem3, Dalia M. Salah4, Khaled M. El-Maghraby2

    Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.18, No.6, pp. 679-691, 2023, DOI:10.32604/chd.2023.020028

    Abstract Background: Closure of an atrial septal defect (ASD) reduces right-side heart volumes by abolishing shunting with simultaneous improvement of the left ventricle (LV) filling and functions due to ventricular interdependence, thereby improving symptoms. Furthermore, studies conducted on atrial volume changes after ASD closure are limited. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is considered as the gold standard method for measuring cardiac volume and mass. Objective: We aimed to study the effect of transcatheter and surgical closure of secundum ASD on cardiac volumes and systolic functions as well as the fate of tricuspid regurgitation (TR), using CMR analysis. Methods: We prospectively enrolled 30… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Analytical and Numerical Methods to Study the MFPT and SR of a Stochastic Tumor-Immune Model

    Ying Zhang1, Wei Li1,*, Guidong Yang1, Snezana Kirin2

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.138, No.3, pp. 2177-2199, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.030728

    Abstract The Mean First-Passage Time (MFPT) and Stochastic Resonance (SR) of a stochastic tumor-immune model with noise perturbation are discussed in this paper. Firstly, considering environmental perturbation, Gaussian white noise and Gaussian colored noise are introduced into a tumor growth model under immune surveillance. As follows, the long-time evolution of the tumor characterized by the Stationary Probability Density (SPD) and MFPT is obtained in theory on the basis of the Approximated Fokker-Planck Equation (AFPE). Herein the recurrence of the tumor from the extinction state to the tumor-present state is more concerned in this paper. A more efficient algorithm of Back-Propagation Neural… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of NaCl Concentration on the Cumulative Strain and Pore Distribution of Clay under Cyclic Loading

    Xinshan Zhuang*, Shunlei Xia, Ruijie Pan

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.2, pp. 447-461, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.042220

    Abstract Clay, as the most common soil used for foundation fill, is widely used in various infrastructure projects. The physical and mechanical properties of clay are influenced by the pore solution environment. This study uses a GDS static/dynamic triaxial apparatus and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments to investigate the effects of cyclic loading on clay foundations. Moreover, the development of cumulative strain in clay is analyzed, and a fitting model for cumulative plastic strain is introduced by considering factors such as NaCl solution concentration, consolidation stress ratio, and cycle number. In particular, the effects of the NaCl solution concentration and consolidation stress… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    3D Kronecker Convolutional Feature Pyramid for Brain Tumor Semantic Segmentation in MR Imaging

    Kainat Nazir1, Tahir Mustafa Madni1, Uzair Iqbal Janjua1, Umer Javed2, Muhammad Attique Khan3, Usman Tariq4, Jae-Hyuk Cha5,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.76, No.3, pp. 2861-2877, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.039181

    Abstract Brain tumor significantly impacts the quality of life and changes everything for a patient and their loved ones. Diagnosing a brain tumor usually begins with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The manual brain tumor diagnosis from the MRO images always requires an expert radiologist. However, this process is time-consuming and costly. Therefore, a computerized technique is required for brain tumor detection in MRI images. Using the MRI, a novel mechanism of the three-dimensional (3D) Kronecker convolution feature pyramid (KCFP) is used to segment brain tumors, resolving the pixel loss and weak processing of multi-scale lesions. A single dilation rate was replaced… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Minor Pressure Differences within the Fontan-Anastomosis in Patients with Total Cavopulmonary Connection by 4D-Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging

    Nerejda Shehu1,*, Christian Meierhofer1, Anja Hennemuth2,3, Markus Hüllebrand2,3, Pavlo Yevtushenko3, Peter Ewert1, Stefan Martinoff4, Heiko Stern1

    Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.18, No.4, pp. 461-474, 2023, DOI:10.32604/chd.2023.031075

    Abstract Background: Pressure measurement in total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) patients is a domain of cardiac catheterization. 4D velocity encoded cardiovascular magnetic resonance (4D–flow MRI) offers an alternative for assessment of even minor pressure differences. The scope of this study was to measure even minor pressure differences in the anastomosis of TCPC patients, who are clinically uncompromised. Methods: Twenty-four patients (median 15 years [8;34]) with TCPC were studied prospectively by 4D-flow MRI. Pressure differences between superior vena cava (SVC) and extracardiac conduit (C) to both right pulmonary artery (RPA) and left pulmonary artery (LPA) were assessed. Small fluid obstructions as vortices within… More > Graphic Abstract

    Minor Pressure Differences within the Fontan-Anastomosis in Patients with Total Cavopulmonary Connection by 4D-Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Knee Osteoarthritis Classification Using X-Ray Images Based on Optimal Deep Neural Network

    Abdul Haseeb1, Muhammad Attique Khan1,*, Faheem Shehzad1, Majed Alhaisoni2, Junaid Ali Khan1, Taerang Kim3, Jae-Hyuk Cha3

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.47, No.2, pp. 2397-2415, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.040529

    Abstract X-Ray knee imaging is widely used to detect knee osteoarthritis due to ease of availability and lesser cost. However, the manual categorization of knee joint disorders is time-consuming, requires an expert person, and is costly. This article proposes a new approach to classifying knee osteoarthritis using deep learning and a whale optimization algorithm. Two pre-trained deep learning models (Efficientnet-b0 and Densenet201) have been employed for the training and feature extraction. Deep transfer learning with fixed hyperparameter values has been employed to train both selected models on the knee X-Ray images. In the next step, fusion is performed using a canonical… More >

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