Marcio Fragoso Vieira1,2, Nathalie Jeanne Bravo-Valenzuela3, Edward Araujo Júnior1,*
Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.19, No.3, pp. 305-314, 2024, DOI:10.32604/chd.2024.053484
Abstract Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defect, representing a significant cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis of such anomalies is crucial for improving outcomes. Current protocols recommend a qualitative assessment of cardiac structures using two-dimensional ultrasound (2DUS) and color Doppler imaging. In cases of suspected abnormalities, quantitative assessments through cardiac structure measurements and reference curves can aid in accurate diagnosis. Similar to centiles widely employed in obstetrics, Z-scores provide more precise quantification of various cardiac structures, particularly at the extremes of the curve. While the development of reference More >
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