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  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Advanced Thermochemical Conversion Approaches for Green Hydrogen Production from Crop Residues

    Omojola Awogbemi*, Ayotunde Adigun Ojo, Samson Adedayo Adeleye

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.1, pp. 1-28, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.045822

    Abstract The huge volumes of crop residues generated during the production, processing, and consumption of farm products constitute an ecological nuisance when ineffectively managed. The conversion of crop residues to green hydrogen is one of the sustainable management strategies for ubiquitous crop residues. Production of green hydrogen from crop residue sources will contribute to deepening access to clean and affordable energy, mitigating climate change, and ensuring environmental sustainability. However, the deployment of conventional thermochemical technologies for the conversion of crop residues to green hydrogen is costly, requires long residence time, produces low-quality products, and therefore needs to be upgraded. The current… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Naturally Nitrogen-Doped Biochar Made from End-of-Life Wood Panels for SO2 Gas Depollution

    Hamdi Hachicha1,2, Mamadou Dia2, Hassine Bouafif2, Ahmed Koubaa1, Mohamed Khlif3, Flavia Lega Braghiroli1,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.11, pp. 3807-3829, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.029454

    Abstract Reconstituted wood panels have several advantages in terms of ease of manufacturing, but their shorter life span results in a huge amount of reconstituted wood panels being discarded in sorting centers yearly. Currently, the most common approach for dealing with this waste is incineration. In this study, reconstituted wood panels were converted into activated biochar through a two-step thermochemical process: (i) biochar production using pilot scale fast pyrolysis at 250 kg/h and 450°C; and (ii) a physical activation at three temperatures (750°C, 850°C and 950°C) using an in-house activation furnace (1 kg/h). Results showed that the first stage removed about… More > Graphic Abstract

    Naturally Nitrogen-Doped Biochar Made from End-of-Life Wood Panels for SO<sub>2</sub> Gas Depollution

  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    Multi-physics Simulation of Tar-Rich Coal in-situ Pyrolysis in the Fractured Porous Zone with Multi-Region Homogenization Treatment

    Qianhao Ye1, Mingjie Li1, Jingyuan Hao1, Zibo Huang1, Jinjia Wei1,*

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.25, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2023, DOI:10.32604/icces.2023.08826

    Abstract The macroscopic tar-rich coal in-situ pyrolysis (TCISP) multi-physics simulation is conducted, in the fractured porous zone, by coupling heat transfer, fluid flow, and chemical reaction. A novel TCISP pattern of gas injection between fractured zones is proposed, by treating the fractured porous zone as a homogeneous porosity gradient descending region. In this case, nearly 11500 kg of oil can be produced within 6 months from a 10*10*1 m3 area. The influence of the fractured zone and porosity are investigated. Results indicated that gas injection between fractured zones is more conducive to rapid production, compared with the traditional case that gas… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Enhancing Hydrocarbon-Rich Bio-Oil Production via Catalytic Pyrolysis Fortified with Microorganism Pretreatment

    Jiapeng Wang1, Bo Zhang1,*, Haoqiang Cheng1, Zhixiang Xu2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3595-3612, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.030005

    Abstract A new method of pretreatment of corn straw with Phanerochaete chrysosporium combined with pyrolysis was proposed to improve the quality of bio-oil. The characterization results demonstrated that microbial pretreatment was an effective method to decrease the lignin, which can achieve a maximum removal rate of 44.19%. Due to the destruction of biomass structure, the content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal is reduced. Meanwhile, the depolymerized biomass structure created better pyrolysis conditions to promote the pyrolysis efficiency, increase the average decomposition rate of pyrolysis and reduce the residue. In fast pyrolysis, because of the enrichment of cellulose and the… More > Graphic Abstract

    Enhancing Hydrocarbon-Rich Bio-Oil Production via Catalytic Pyrolysis Fortified with Microorganism Pretreatment

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of Heat Transfer of Methanation in Fluidized Bed for Pyrolysis and Gasification Syngas of Organic Solid Waste

    Danyang Shao1, Xiaojia Wang1,*, Delu Chen1, Fengxia An1,2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3659-3680, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.029220

    Abstract Methanation is an effective way to efficiently utilize product gas generated from the pyrolysis and gasification of organic solid wastes. To deeply study the heat transfer and mass transfer mechanisms in the reactor, a successful three-dimensional comprehensive model has been established. Multiphase flow behavior and heat transfer mechanisms were investigated under reference working conditions. Temperature is determined by the heat release of the reaction and the heat transfer of the gas-solid flow. The maximum temperature can reach 951 K where the catalyst gathers. In the simulation, changes in the gas inlet velocity and catalyst flow rate were made to explore… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Catalytic Pyrolysis of Soybean Oil with CaO/Bio-Char Based Catalyst to Produce High Quality Biofuel

    Lujiang Xu, Geliang Xie, Xianjun Zhou, Yucheng Liu, Zhen Fang*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.12, pp. 3107-3118, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.020691

    Abstract In this paper, CaO/bio-char was synthesized by directly co-pyrolysis of Ca(OH)2 and rice straw, and used as catalyst to catalytic pyrolysis of soybean oil to produce high quality biofuel. In this co-pyrolysis process, CaO particles has been successfully embedded on the bio-char surface. During the catalytic pyrolysis process, CaO/bio-char showed a good catalytic performance on the deoxygenation of soybean oil. Pyrolysis temperature affected the pyrolysis reactions and pyrolytic products distributions dramatically, higher pyrolysis temperature lead to seriously cracking reactions, lower bio-oil yield and higher gases yield, and lower pyrolysis temperature lead to higher bio-oil yield with higher oxygenated compounds content… More > Graphic Abstract

    Catalytic Pyrolysis of Soybean Oil with CaO/Bio-Char Based Catalyst to Produce High Quality Biofuel

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Preparation of Kenaf Biochar and Its Adsorption Properties for Methylene Blue

    Xin Wan1,2,#, Zhigang Xia3,4,#, Xiaoli Yang1,2, Chengfeng Zhou2, Yuanming Zhang1,2, Haoxi Ben1,2, Guangting Han1,2, Wei Jiang1,2,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.12, pp. 3391-3404, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.021102

    Abstract The toxic dyestuffs from printing and dyeing wastewater have caused serious damages to the ecological environment, thus exploring effective methods to remove them having become a key topic. Here, a series of biochar samples were synthesized form kenaf to adsorb methylene blue (MB), which was acted as the dye representative for the test of adsorption capacity due to the presence of abundant double bond and aromatic heterocyclic ring. By tuning the raw materials and pyrolysis temperature, a super adsorption capacity about 164.21 mg·g–1 was obtained over the biochar that pyrolyzed at 700°C with the kenaf fiber as raw material. Through… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of Active Zeolite in the Pyrolysis of Polypropylene and Low Density Polyethylene Types of Plastic Waste

    Aman Santoso1,*, Amirotus Sholikhah1, Sumari Sumari1, Muhammad Roy Asrori1, Anugrah Ricky Wijaya1, Rini Retnosari1,2, Ihsan Budi Rachman1,3

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.11, pp. 2781-2789, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.021401

    Abstract Plastic is a basic need for humans, but it has also caused big problems for the environment. Then, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the type of plastic and the addition of a zeolite catalyst on the oil yield from the pyrolysis of plastic waste. The research stages were natural zeolite activation, pyrolysis reactor settings, pyrolysis of plastic waste (PP and LDPE types), and characterization. The results showed that the used natural zeolite had a mordenite phase and activated natural zeolite had a higher Si/Al ratio than the inactivated one. The addition of a zeolite… More > Graphic Abstract

    Effect of Active Zeolite in the Pyrolysis of Polypropylene and Low Density Polyethylene Types of Plastic Waste

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Desorption Behavior and Thermogravimetric Analysis of Bio-Hardeners

    Benoit Ndiwe1,2,3, Antonio Pizzi4,*, Hubert Chapuis5, Noel Konai6, Lionel Karga7, Pierre Girods4, Raidandi Danwe6,8

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.8, pp. 2015-2027, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.019891

    Abstract In this work, the thermal degradation and drying of bio-hardeners are investigated. Four bio-hardeners based on exudates of Senegalia senegal, Vachellia nilotica, Vachellia seyal, and Acacia Siebteriana were analyzed by FTIR and thermogravimetric analysis, and a desorption study was also conducted. The analysis by infrared spectroscopy indicates the existence of oligomers of different types all giving 5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethylfuran and 2, 5-dihydroxymethylfuran which are then the real hardening molecules. The pyrolysis of these extracts reveals three main regions of mass loss, a first region is located between 25°C and 110°C reflecting the loss of water from the adhesive and the formation of… More > Graphic Abstract

    Desorption Behavior and Thermogravimetric Analysis of Bio-Hardeners

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Stepwise Pyrolysis by LBCR Downstream to Enhance of Gasoline Fraction of Liquid Fuel from MMSW

    Indra Mamad Gandidi1,2,*, Edy Suryadi3, Efri Mardawati3, Dwi Rustam Kendarto3, Nugroho Agung Pambudi4,*

    Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1169-1178, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.018821

    Abstract Pyrolysis is one of the thermal cracking methods to convert hydrocarbon to liquid fuel. The quantity and quality of the process are dependent on several condition including temperature, reaction time, catalyst, and the type of reactor. Meanwhile, a gasoline fraction was maximum product to be considered in the pyrolisis process. Therefore, this study aims to increase the gasoline fraction in liquid fuel using stepwise pyrolysis with a long bed catalytic reactor downstream (LBCR). The LBCR downstream was equipped with the top and bottom outlet and the fed source was mixed municipal solid waste (MMSW). The activated natural dolomite at 500°C… More >

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