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  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Tensile and Stress Analysis of Hybrid Composite Prosthetic Socket Reinforced with Natural Fibers

    Noor K. Faheed*, Qahtan A. Hamad, Jawad K. Oleiwi

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.7, pp. 1989-2013, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017573

    Abstract Natural fibers and their composites are the evolving movements in material science, and with that, the utmost use of plant-based fibers has become the focus of this research. Sisal and cotton natural fibers were used to construct a prosthetic socket as an attempt to substitute material currently available in the manufacturing of sockets. The vacuum bagging technique was adopted to produce a below-knee socket. The influence of different fiber layering sequences on the volumetric and mechanical characteristics was estimated experimentally and numerically. Mechanical tensile tests were used to assess laminated specimens, such as tensile strength, young modulus, and elongation percentage.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Lyapunov-Redesign and Sliding Mode Controller for Microprocessor Based Transfemoral Prosthesis

    Ali Murtaza1, Muhammad Usman Qadir1, Muhammad Awais Khan1, Izhar ul Haq1,*, Kamran Shah1, Nizar Akhtar2

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.31, No.3, pp. 1887-1899, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.020006

    Abstract Transfemoral prostheses have evolved from mechanical devices to microprocessor-based, electronically controlled knee joints, allowing amputees to regain control of their limbs. For improved amputee experience at varying ambulation rates, these devices provide controlled damping throughout the swing and stance phases of the gait cycle. Commercially available microprocessor-based prosthetic knee (MPK) joints use linear controllers, heuristic-based methods, and finite state machine based algorithms to track the refence gait cycle. However, since the amputee experiences a variety of non-linearities during ambulation, such as uneven terrains, walking backwards and climbing stairs, therefore, traditional controllers produces error, abnormal movements, unstable control system and require… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Bioprosthetic Valve Size Selection to Optimize Aortic Valve Replacement Surgical Outcome: A Fluid-Structure Interaction Modeling Study

    Caili Li1, Dalin Tang2,*,3, Jing Yao4,*, Christopher Baird5, Haoliang Sun6, Chanjuan Gong7, Luyao Ma6, Yanjuan Zhang4, Liang Wang2, Han Yu2, Chun Yang8, Yongfeng Shao6

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.1, pp. 159-174, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.014580

    Abstract Aortic valve replacement (AVR) remains a major treatment option for patients with severe aortic valve disease. Clinical outcome of AVR is strongly dependent on implanted prosthetic valve size. Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) aortic root models were constructed to investigate the effect of valve size on hemodynamics of the implanted bioprosthetic valve and optimize the outcome of AVR surgery. FSI models with 4 sizes of bioprosthetic valves (19 (No. 19), 21 (No. 21), 23 (No. 23) and 25 mm (No. 25)) were constructed. Left ventricle outflow track flow data from one patient was collected and used as model flow conditions. Anisotropic Mooney–Rivlin… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Midterm outcomes of right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction using the Freestyle xenograft

    James A. Kuo1, Tyler Hamby2, Maham N. Munawar3, Eldad Erez4, Vincent K. H. Tam5

    Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.14, No.4, pp. 651-656, 2019, DOI:10.1111/chd.12765

    Abstract Objective: Various options exist for right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) recon‐ struction in congenital heart disease. The Freestyle porcine aortic root may be used but its longevity is not well defined.
    Design: We performed a retrospective review of all non‐Ross RVOT reconstructions using the Freestyle root in our institution. Survival and reintervention, either by sur‐ gery, transcatheter valve implantation, balloon valvuloplasty, or bare metal stent placement, were recorded. Factors associated with reintervention were assessed using Cox regression.
    Results: Between January 2002 and December 2015, there were 182 patients identi‐ fied. Sixteen patients were lost to follow‐up and 3 patients died,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The effect of balloon valvuloplasty for bioprosthetic valve stenosis at pulmonary positions

    Eun Young Choi1, Jinyoung Song2, Heirim Lee2, Chang Ha Lee3, Jun Huh2, I.-Seok Kang2, Ji Hyuk Yang4, Tae Gook Jun4

    Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.12, No.6, pp. 746-750, 2017, DOI:10.1111/chd.12507

    Abstract Background: Balloon dilatation of a bioprosthetic valve in the pulmonary position could be performed to delay valve replacement. We proposed to identify the long-term effectiveness of such a procedure.
    Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 49 patients who underwent balloon valvuloplasty between January 2000 and December 2015. The primary goal was to determine the time interval until the following surgical or catheter intervention.
    Results: The mean age at bioprosthetic valve insertion was 5.7 years old, and the mean age for ballooning was 11.7 years. The mean interval after pulmonary valve replacement was 71.6 months. The mean ratio of balloon… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Bioprosthetic pulmonary valve endocarditis: Incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes

    Brian Robichaud1, Garick Hill2, Scott Cohen1,3, Ronald Woods4, Michael Earing1,3, Peter Frommelt1, Salil Ginde1,3

    Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.13, No.5, pp. 734-739, 2018, DOI:10.1111/chd.12639

    Abstract Background: Pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) is a common operation in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). As survival with CHD improves, infective endo‐ carditis (IE) is a growing complication after PVR. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of IE after surgical PVR in patients with CHD at our institution.
    Methods: Retrospective analysis of all cases of surgical PVR performed at Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin between 1975 and 2016 was performed. All cases of IE after PVR were identified and clinical and imaging data were obtained by review of medical records.
    Results:More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Overview: Mechanism and Control of a Prosthetic Arm

    Tushar Kulkarni1,2, Rashmi Uddanwadiker1

    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.12, No.3, pp. 147-195, 2015, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2015.012.147

    Abstract Continuous growth in industrialization and lack of awareness in safety parameters the cases of amputations are growing. The search of safer, simpler and automated prosthetic arms for managing upper limbs is expected. Continuous efforts have been made to design and develop prosthetic arms ranging from simple harness actuated to automated mechanisms with various control options. However due the cost constraints, the automated prosthetic arms are still out of the reach of needy people. Recent data have shown that there is a wide scope to develop a low cost and light weight upper limb prosthesis. This review summarizes the various designs… More >

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