Shi-Joon Yoo^1,2,*, Sanga Lee³, Regina de la Mora⁴, Ankavipar Saprungruang², Christoph Haller⁵, Lee N. Benson², Vladimiro Vida⁶, Alvise Guariento⁶, Christopher Z. Lam¹

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.17, No.1, pp. 5-23, 2022, DOI:10.32604/CHD.2022.018728

Abstract Sinus venosus defects include two varieties, superior and inferior sinus venosus defects. The superior sinus venosus defect is characterized by abnormal communication between two closely related venoatrial structures: 1) the normally positioned superior vena cava-right atrium complex and 2) the right pulmonary vein-left atrium complex that is displaced leftward, forward and upward. Inferior sinus venosus defects primarily involve the inferior vena cava-right atrial junction while the right pulmonary vein-left atrial junction can also be affected. Because of the rarity and wide variation of the defects, the morphological characterization of sinus venosus defects is inconsistent among More >

Mika Saito^1,2, Dragulescu Andreea^1,2, Shi-Joon Yoo^1,2,3,*

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.16, No.1, pp. 1-16, 2021, DOI:10.32604/CHD.2021.011694

Abstract Objective: Overriding/straddling of an atrioventricular valve is a consequence of atrial-ventricular septal malalignment. We sought to characterize the malalignment by analogizing it to a flap-door and using structured approach. Methods: The echocardiograms and magnetic resonance images of 35 patients with overriding/straddling tricuspid or mitral valve were evaluated to assess the following modifiers; the malaligned part of the septum, the reference structure, and the mechanism, direction and severity of malalignment. Results: The pathology included classic overriding tricuspid valve in 15, classic overriding mitral valve in 12, and overriding tricuspid valve with left juxtaposition of atrial appendages in 8.… More >