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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    MODIFICATION OF PERFORATED PLATE IN FLUIDIZED-BED COMBUSTOR TO PROVIDE SUFFICIENT AIR SUPPLY IN THE COMBUSTION

    Erdiwansyah Erdiwansyaha,d , Mahidin Mahidinb, Husni Husinb, Muhammad Faisalc, Usman Usmanc, Muhtadin Muhtadinc, Asri Ganib,*, Rizalman Mamate

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.18, pp. 1-6, 2022, DOI:10.5098/hmt.18.25

    Abstract The modification of the perforated plate applied in this study aims to provide sufficient air access into the combustion chamber. Burning experiments were carried out with three different types of fuel (such as palm kernel shell (PKS), oil palm midrib (OPM), and empty fruit bunches (EFB). The purpose of the experiment with the modification of the perforated plate is to investigate the combustion temperature and the rate of heat transfer in the boiler. The fluidized-bed combustor (FBC) combustion chamber is used as the combustion chamber. Experimental results were obtained at four different points using a Digital Thermometer with a thermocouple.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Weak Expansive Soil Physical Properties Modification by Means of a Cement-Jute Fiber

    Zisheng Yang1, Wendong Li1, Xuelei Cheng1,2,*, Ran Hai1, Shunqun Li3

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.19, No.8, pp. 2119-2130, 2023, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.025444

    Abstract Sixteen groups of comprehensive tests have been conducted to investigate the modifications in the physical properties of a weak expansive soil due to the addition of a cement jute fiber. The tests have been conducted to analyze the liquid plastic limit, the particle distribution and the free expansion rate. The results show that: (1) With an increase in the cement-jute fiber content, the free expansion rate of the modified expansive soil gradually decreases, however, such a rate rebounds when the fiber content exceeds 0.5% and the cement content exceeds 6%. (2) With an increase in the cement percentage, the particle… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of Amine Type on Lignin Modification to Evaluate Its Reactivity in Polyol Construction for Non-Isocyanate Polyurethanes (NIPU)

    Saeed Kazemi Najafi1, Farhood Najafi2, Antonio Pizzi3,*, Fatemeh Hassani Khorshidi1,*, Rabi Behrooz1

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2171-2189, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.027835

    Abstract Polyols are groups of organic compounds which contain carbon and are randomly linked to other atoms, especially carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen. These compounds are mainly used as reactants to make other polymers. Among biopolymers, lignin is regarded as the base of a new polymer in polyol construction. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of amine type (diethylenetriamine and ethylenediamine) on the modification of lignin-based polyols, so as to provide an alternative to petroleum polyols and, in turn, increase functional groups and reduce their harm to humans’ health and the environment. To this aim, first, lignin was extracted from raw… More > Graphic Abstract

    Effect of Amine Type on Lignin Modification to Evaluate Its Reactivity in Polyol Construction for Non-Isocyanate Polyurethanes (NIPU)

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Selecting the Technology of Sodium Silicate Modified Poplar with the Highest Performance by Fuzzy Orthogonal Method

    Xiaoqian Bi1, Pengfei Guan1, Ping Li2,*, Yuan Zhang1, Xingong Li1, Yingfeng Zuo1,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2399-2415, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026656

    Abstract Sodium silicate modification can improve the overall performance of wood. The modification process has a great influence on the properties of modified wood. In this study, a new method was introduced to analyze the wood modification process, and the properties of modified wood were studied. Poplar wood was modified with sodium silicate by vacuum-pressure impregnation. After screening using single-factor experiments, an orthogonal experiment was carried out with solution concentration, impregnation time, impregnation pressure, and the cycle times as experimental factors. The modified poplar with the best properties was selected by fuzzy mathematics and characterized by SEM, FT-IR, XRD and TG.… More > Graphic Abstract

    Selecting the Technology of Sodium Silicate Modified Poplar with the Highest Performance by Fuzzy Orthogonal Method

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Simulation of Vertical Solar Power Plants with Different Turbine Blades

    Yuxing Yang, Peng Zhang*, Meng Lv

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.19, No.6, pp. 1397-1409, 2023, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.024916

    Abstract The performances of turbine blades have a significant impact on the energy conversion efficiency of vertical solar power plants. In the present study, such a relationship is assessed by considering two kinds of airfoil blades, designed by using the Wilson theory. In particular, numerical simulations are conducted using the SST K − ω model and assuming a wind speed of 3–6 m/s and seven or eight blades. The two airfoils are the NACA63121 (with a larger chord length) and the AMES63212; It is shown that the torsion angle of the former is smaller, and its wind drag ratio is larger; furthermore,… More > Graphic Abstract

    Simulation of Vertical Solar Power Plants with Different Turbine Blades

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Modifications of the Optimal Auxiliary Function Method to Fractional Order Fornberg-Whitham Equations

    Hakeem Ullah1, Mehreen Fiza1,*, Ilyas Khan2,*, Abd Allah A. Mosa3, Saeed Islam1, Abdullah Mohammed4

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.136, No.1, pp. 277-291, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.022289

    Abstract In this paper, we present a new modification of the newly developed semi-analytical method named the Optimal Auxilary Function Method (OAFM) for fractional-order equations using the Caputo operator, which is named FOAFM. The mathematical theory of FOAFM is presented and the effectiveness of this method is proven by using it with well-known Fornberg-Whitham Equations (FWE). The FOAFM results are compared with other method results along with their exact solutions with the help of tables and plots to prove the validity of FOAFM. A rapidly convergent series solution is obtained from FOAFM and is validated by comparison with other results. The… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    MELLT3 protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury through up-regulation of m6A modification

    JING JIN1,#, XINGHUA WANG2,#, XIAOXIAO ZHENG3, JIAHUA LAN3, LI ZHENG3, YING CAI3, HUI CHEN4, HONGWEI WANG5,*, LIFANG ZHENG6,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.3, pp. 619-626, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.026016

    Abstract Ischemic cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of death globally and is often exacerbated by cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury (CIRI). The exact mechanisms underlying I/R injury are unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of m6A-modified methylase complex methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. We found that m6A and METTL3 levels increased in OGD/RX-induced mouse astrocytes-cerebellar (MA-C) and the brain of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model mice. METTL3 siRNA treatment reduced OGD-RX-induced MAC cell viability and proliferation, which increased with METTL3 over-expression. Flow cytometry analysis showed that silencing METTL3 significantly enhanced OGD/RX-induced MAC apoptosis, which… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Synergistic Modification of PVC with Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycle and Tung-Oil Based Derivative for Enhanced Heat Stabilization and Plasticization Behavior

    Mei Wang1, Xinzhu Fan1, Quan Bu1, Puyou Jia2,3,*, Shouqi Yuan4

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.4, pp. 2015-2031, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026063

    Abstract The additives present in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials are the major source of organic by-products during PVC degradation. The thermal stabilizer and plasticizer are the main additives that endow PVC with the required properties during its processing. However, these two additives easily migrate when samples are obtained by physical mixing of the additives with PVC. This causes the reduction of PVC sample efficacy and the increase in the formation of organic by-products in the radiolysis process. In this work, two kinds of grafted PVC samples (tung-oil derivative grafted PVC and Atz grafted PVC, abbreviated as P-GT4 and P-AZ3) were synthesized… More > Graphic Abstract

    Synergistic Modification of PVC with Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycle and Tung-Oil Based Derivative for Enhanced Heat Stabilization and Plasticization Behavior

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Phosphorus Containing Rubber Seed oil as a Flame Retardant Plasticizer for Polyvinyl Chloride

    Hongying Chu1,2,*, Huabei Li1,2, Xiaoyan Sun1, Yaowang Zhang1,2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.4, pp. 1731-1743, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.024160

    Abstract The application of phthalate plasticizers has been restricted around the world due to their poor migration and potential harm to the human body. Hence, producing functional bio-based plasticizers via exploiting clean and reusable resources meets the satisfaction of current demands. In this study, flame-retardant rubber seed oil-based plasticize (FRP) was prepared via epoxidation reaction and ring opening addition reactions, which was used as a flame-resistant plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride to replace petroleum-based phthalate plasticizer. When DOP was replaced with FRP, the torque of PVC blends increased from 11.4 to 18.4 N⋅m, the LOI value increased from 24.3% for PVC-FRP-0% to 33.1%… More > Graphic Abstract

    Phosphorus Containing Rubber Seed oil as a Flame Retardant Plasticizer for Polyvinyl Chloride

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Research Progress of Tung Oil/UV Photocomposite Curing Material

    Zicheng Zhao1,2, Zhihong Xiao2, Xudong Liu2, Desheng Kang3, Wenzheng Dong1, Qiquan Lin1,*, Aihua Zhang2,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.4, pp. 1661-1686, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.023669

    Abstract Tung oil (TO)/ultraviolet (UV) photo-composite curing material possesses the characteristics of low curing temperature, low material shrinkage and low environmental pollution. Accordingly, this material must be developed and utilized with the conjugated double bonds contained in the long chain of the main structure (α-tung acid) molecules in the refined TO. The aforementioned material can be chemically modified using a variety of chemical methods to develop a new TO-based UV photocurable material due to its unique chemical properties. This work reviews the research progress of TO/UV photo-composite curing materials in recent years. Firstly, the chemical structure and application of TO and… More >

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