Zinan Zhou, Yirun Chen, Wensheng Dai^*

Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.6, pp. 2681-2709, 2022, DOI: 10.32604/ee.2022.021410

Abstract The use of different energy carriers together, known as an energy hub, has been a hot topic of research in recent years amongst scientists and researchers. The term energy hub refers to the simultaneous operation of various infrastructures for energy generation and transfer, which has gained momentum in the form of microgrids (MGs). This paper introduces a new strategy for the optimal performance of an MG consisting of different energy carriers for each day. In a smart distribution network (DN), MGs can reduce their own costs in the previous-day market by bidding on sales and purchases. The sales and purchases… More >

M. Mythreyee^*, Dr A. Nalini

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.45, No.1, pp. 819-837, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.028525

Abstract This work presents the smart grid system for distributed Renewable Energy Sources (RES) with control methods. The hybrid MicroGrids (MG) are trending in small-scale power systems that involve distributed generations, power storage, and various loads. RES of solar are implemented with boost converter using Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) with perturb and observe technique to track the maximum power. Also, the wind system is designed by permanent magnet synchronous generator that includes boost converter with MPPT technique. The battery is also employed with a Direct Current (DC)-DC bidirectional converter, and has a state of charge. The MATLAB/Simulink Simscape software is… More >

Xiangjian Shi^1,*, Teng Liu², Wei Mu², Jianfeng Zhao¹

Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.5, pp. 1843-1860, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.020787

Abstract A microgrid (MG) refers to a set of loads, generation resources and energy storage systems acting as a controllable load or a generator to supply power and heating to a local area. The MG-generated power management is a central topic for MG design and operation. The existence of dispersed generation (DG) resources has faced MG management with new issues. Depending on the level of exchanges between an MG and the main grid, the MG operation states can be divided into independent or grid-connected ones. Energy management in MGs aims to supply power at the lowest cost for optimal load response.… More >

Wenjun Wei^1,2, Hao Liang^1,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.5, pp. 2065-2080, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.020002

Abstract Droop control is one of the main control strategies of islanded microgrid (MG), but the droop control cannot achieve reasonable power distribution of microgrid, resulting in frequency and voltage deviation from the rating value, which needs the upper control link to eliminate the deviation. However, at present, most layered control requires a centralized control center, which excessively relies on microgrid central controller (MGCC) and real-time communication among distributed generation (DG), which has certain limitations. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a hierarchical distributed power and power quality optimization strategy based on multi-agent finite time consistency algorithm (MA-FTCA). Firstly,… More >

Wenqian Zhang¹, Jingwen Chen^1,*, Saleem Riaz³, Naiwen Zheng¹, Li Li²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.132, No.2, pp. 585-604, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2022.020523

Abstract Distributed collaborative control strategies for microgrids often use periodic time to trigger communication, which is likely to enhance the burden of communication and increase the frequency of controller updates, leading to greater waste of communication resources. In response to this problem, a distributed cooperative control strategy triggered by an adaptive event is proposed. By introducing an adaptive event triggering mechanism in the distributed controller, the triggering parameters are dynamically adjusted so that the distributed controller can communicate only at a certain time, the communication pressure is reduced, and the DC bus voltage deviation is effectively reduced, at the same time,… More >

Hani Albalawi^1,3, Ahmed M. Kassem², Sherif A. Zaid^1,3,4,*, Abderrahim Lakhouit⁵, Muhammed A. Arshad⁶

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.34, No.3, pp. 2051-2066, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.026032

Abstract This paper introduces a renewable-energy-based microgrid that includes Photovoltaic (PV) energy and wind energy generation units. Also, an energy storage system is present. The proposed microgrid is loaded with a constant load impedance. To improve the performance of the proposed microgrid, an optimal control algorithm utilizing Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) is adapted. It has many merits such as fast convergence, simple tunning, and high efficiency. Commonly, the PV and wind energies are suitable for supplying loads under normal conditions. However, the energy storage system recovers the excess load demand. The load frequency and voltage are regulated using the CSA optimal… More >

Om Prakash Mahela¹, Baseem Khan^2,*, Rupendra Kumar Pachauri³

Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.4, pp. 1261-1298, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.018913

Abstract This paper proposes a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) system interfaced with a microgrid that is effective at regulating frequency on a microgrid over a 24-h cycle. A microgrid is designed and divided into four components. The first component is a diesel generator, which is used to act as the base power generator. The second component consists of renewable energy (RE) power plants, which include solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind plants. The third component is a V2G system. The last component is the load connected to the microgrid. A microgrid is designed to be of sufficient size to represent a community of one… More > Graphic Abstract

P. Kavitha^*, P. Subha Karuvelam

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.34, No.2, pp. 821-836, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.023035

Abstract In this paper, a self-sufficient electric power generation is proposed by using hybrid renewable sources like solar and wind turbines to favor a smart and green environment. This distributed generation unit is connected to the grid through an 3Φ inverter. The power drawn from the hybrid unit is stored in the batteries to transfer power during the non-availability of power sources. This standalone power conversion and storage system are developed by using power electronic converters and controllers to ensure balanced power flow operation. A PI (Proportional Integral) controller is utilized for generating the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) pulses for the… More >

Haibin Cao¹, Houqi Dong¹, Yongjie Ren¹, Yuqing Wang^2,*, Na Li³, Ming Zeng¹

Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 965-984, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.020051

Abstract As the proportion of renewable energy power generation continues to increase, the number of grid-connected microgrids is gradually increasing, and geographically adjacent microgrids can be interconnected to form a Micro-Grid Community (MGC). In order to reduce the operation and maintenance costs of a single micro grid and reduce the adverse effects caused by unnecessary energy interaction between the micro grid and the main grid while improving the overall economic benefits of the micro grid community, this paper proposes a bi-level energy management model with the optimization goal of maximizing the social welfare of the micro grid community and minimizing the… More >

Haichao Wang¹, Yingying Fan^2,3,*, Weigao Meng⁴, Qiaoran Yang⁵

Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1075-1101, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.019584

Abstract Sustainability evaluation of regional microgrid interconnection system is conducive to a profound and comprehensive understanding of the impact of interconnection system projects. In order to realize the comprehensive and scientific intelligent evaluation of the system, this paper proposes an evaluation model based on combination entropy weight rank order-technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) and Niche Immune Lion Algorithm-Extreme Learning Machine with Kernel (NILA-KELM). Firstly, the sustainability evaluation indicator system of the regional microgrid interconnection system is constructed from four aspects of economic, environmental, social, and technical characteristics, and the evaluation indicators are explained. Then, the… More >