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Search Results (41)
  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Stem cell technology for antitumor drug loading and delivery in oncology

    FRANCESCO PETRELLA*, ENRICO MARIO CASSINA, LIDIA LIBRETTI, EMANUELE PIRONDINI, FEDERICO RAVEGLIA, ANTONIO TUORO

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 433-437, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.046497

    Abstract The main aim of antineoplastic treatment is to maximize patient benefit by augmenting the drug accumulation within affected organs and tissues, thus incrementing drug effects and, at the same time, reducing the damage of non-involved tissues to cytotoxic agents. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) represent a group of undifferentiated multipotent cells presenting wide self-renewal features and the capacity to differentiate into an assortment of mesenchymal family cells. During the last year, they have been proposed as natural carriers for the selective release of antitumor drugs to malignant cells, thus optimizing cytotoxic action on cancer cells, while significantly reducing adverse side effects… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Low-molecular-weight fucoidan inhibits the proliferation of melanoma via Bcl-2 phosphorylation and PTEN/AKT pathway

    MINJI PARK1, CHULHWAN BANG2, WON-SOO YUN3, YUN-MI JEONG3,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.2, pp. 273-282, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.044362

    Abstract Fucoidan, a sulfate polysaccharide obtained from brown seaweed, has various bioactive properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-coagulant, anti-thrombotic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-Helicobacter pylori properties. However, the effects of low-molecular-weight fucoidan (LMW-F) on melanoma cell lines and three dimensional (3D) cell culture models are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of LMW-F on A375 human melanoma cells and cryopreserved biospecimens derived from patients with advanced melanoma. Ultrasonic wave was used to fragment fucoidan derived from Fucus vesiculosus into smaller LMW-F. MTT and live/dead assays showed that LMW-F inhibited cell proliferation in both A375 cells and patient-derived melanoma… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Absent in melanoma 2 attenuates proliferation and migration and promotes apoptosis of human colorectal cancer cells by activating P38MAPK signaling pathway

    ZHI ZHANG1,#, XIAOSONG LI1,2,#, YING ZHANG1,2,#, HAO ZHU1,2, ZHENGUO QIAO3, YANG LU4, XIUWEI MI4, HUIHUA CAO5, GENHAI SHEN1,*, SONGBING HE4,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.2, pp. 353-360, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.042986

    Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands among the top prevalent cancers worldwide and holds a prominent position as a major contributor to cancer-related mortality globally. Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), a constituent of the interferon-inducible hematopoietic interferon-inducible nuclear antigens with 200 amino acid repeats protein family, contributes to both cancer progression and inflammasome activation. Despite this understanding, the precise biological functions and molecular mechanisms governed by AIM2 in CRC remain elusive. Consequently, this study endeavors to assess AIM2’s expression levels, explore its potential antitumor effects, elucidate associated cancer-related processes, and decipher the underlying signaling pathways in CRC. Our findings showed a reduced… More > Graphic Abstract

    Absent in melanoma 2 attenuates proliferation and migration and promotes apoptosis of human colorectal cancer cells by activating P38MAPK signaling pathway

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    CRABP2 regulates infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts and immune response in melanoma

    SHUANGSHUANG ZENG1,2, XI CHEN1,2, QIAOLI YI1,2, ABHIMANYU THAKUR3, HUI YANG4,*, YUANLIANG YAN1,2, SHAO LIU1,2,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.2, pp. 261-272, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.042345

    Abstract Finding biomarkers for immunotherapy is an urgent issue in cancer treatment. Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2) is a controversial factor in the occurrence and development of human tumors. However, there is limited research on the relationship between CRABP2 and immunotherapy response. This study found that negative correlations of CRABP2 and immune checkpoint markers (PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4) were observed in breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA), skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM), stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) and testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT). In particular, in SKCM patients who were treated with PD-1 inhibitors, high levels of CRABP2 predicted poor prognosis. Additionally, CRABP2 expression was… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Smart MobiNet: A Deep Learning Approach for Accurate Skin Cancer Diagnosis

    Muhammad Suleman1, Faizan Ullah1, Ghadah Aldehim2,*, Dilawar Shah1, Mohammad Abrar1,3, Asma Irshad4, Sarra Ayouni2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.77, No.3, pp. 3533-3549, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.042365

    Abstract The early detection of skin cancer, particularly melanoma, presents a substantial risk to human health. This study aims to examine the necessity of implementing efficient early detection systems through the utilization of deep learning techniques. Nevertheless, the existing methods exhibit certain constraints in terms of accessibility, diagnostic precision, data availability, and scalability. To address these obstacles, we put out a lightweight model known as Smart MobiNet, which is derived from MobileNet and incorporates additional distinctive attributes. The model utilizes a multi-scale feature extraction methodology by using various convolutional layers. The ISIC 2019 dataset, sourced from the International Skin Imaging Collaboration,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Characterization of prognosis and immune infiltration by a novel glutamine metabolism-related model in cutaneous melanoma

    MENGQIN ZHU1,2,3,4,#, TIANYI XU5,#, HAN ZHANG3,4, XIN FAN3,4, YULAN WANG6, JIAJIA ZHANG3,4, FEI YU1,2,3,4,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.9, pp. 1931-1945, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.028968

    Abstract Glutamine metabolism (GM) plays an important role in tumor growth and proliferation. Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is a glutamine-dependent cancer. However, the molecular characteristics and action mechanism of GM on SKCM remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the effects of GM-related genes on survival, clinicopathological characteristics, and the tumor microenvironment in SKCM. In this study, 682 SKCM samples were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Consensus clustering was used to classify SKCM samples into distinct subtypes based on 41 GM-related genes. Differences in survival, immune infiltration, clinical characteristics, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of… More > Graphic Abstract

    Characterization of prognosis and immune infiltration by a novel glutamine metabolism-related model in cutaneous melanoma

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Melanoma Detection Based on Hybridization of Extended Feature Space

    Anuj Kumar, Shakti Kumar*

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.37, No.2, pp. 2175-2198, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.039093

    Abstract Melanoma is a perfidious form of skin cancer. The study offers a hybrid framework for the automatic classification of melanoma. An Automatic Melanoma Detection System (AMDS) is used for identifying melanoma from the infected area of the skin image using image processing techniques. A larger number of pre-existing automatic melanoma detection systems are either commercial or their accuracy can be further improved. The research problem is to identify the best preprocessing technique, feature extractor, and classifier for melanoma detection using publically available MED-NODE data set. AMDS goes through four stages. The preprocessing stage is for noise removal; the segmentation stage… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Transcriptome analysis reveals tumor antigen and immune subtypes of melanoma

    JIAHENG XIE1,#, MENGMENG OU1,#, PAN YU1,#, DAN WU2,#, QIKAI TANG3, YUAN CAO4, JING HANG5, LU YIN1, TINGHONG XIANG1, MING WANG1,*, JINGPING SHI1,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.31, No.3, pp. 389-403, 2023, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.029274

    Abstract Purpose: To screen potential tumor antigens for melanoma vaccine development and identify different immune subtypes. Methods: Transcriptional data (HTSEQ-FPKM) and clinical information of a 472 Melanoma cohort GDC TCGA Melanoma (SKCM) were downloaded from the UCSC XENA website (). Subsequently, transcriptome data and clinical information of 210 melanoma cohort GSE65904 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), a large global public database. All the transcriptome expression data matrices were log2 transformed for subsequent analysis. GEPIA, TIMER, and IMMPORT databases are also used for analysis. Cell function experiments were performed to validate the role of the IDO1 gene in melanoma cell… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    In vitro polymerization of the dopamine-borate melanin precursor: A proof-of-concept regarding boron neutron-capture therapy for melanoma

    JUAN C. STOCKERT1,2,*, SILVINA A. ROMERO1, MARCELO N. FELIX-POZZI3, ALFONSO BLÁZQUEZ-CASTRO4

    BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.4, pp. 919-928, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.026631

    Abstract

    The 10boron neutron-capture therapy (BNCT) is an emerging antitumoral method that shows increasing biomedical interest. BNCT is based on the selective accumulation of the 10boron isotope within the tumor, which is then irradiated with low-energy thermal neutrons, generating nuclear fission that produces 7lithium, 4helium, and γ rays. Simple catechol-borate esters have been rather overlooked as precursors of melanin biosynthesis, and therefore, a proof-of-concept approach for using dopamine-borate (DABO) as a suitable boron-containing candidate for potential BNCT is presented here. DABO can spontaneously oxidize and autopolymerize in vitro, giving a soluble, eumelanin-like brown-black poly-DABO product. Melanotic melanoma cell cultures treated with… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Arithmetic Optimization with Ensemble Deep Transfer Learning Based Melanoma Classification

    K. Kalyani1, Sara A Althubiti2, Mohammed Altaf Ahmed3, E. Laxmi Lydia4, Seifedine Kadry5, Neunggyu Han6, Yunyoung Nam6,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.75, No.1, pp. 149-164, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.033005

    Abstract Melanoma is a skin disease with high mortality rate while early diagnoses of the disease can increase the survival chances of patients. It is challenging to automatically diagnose melanoma from dermoscopic skin samples. Computer-Aided Diagnostic (CAD) tool saves time and effort in diagnosing melanoma compared to existing medical approaches. In this background, there is a need exists to design an automated classification model for melanoma that can utilize deep and rich feature datasets of an image for disease classification. The current study develops an Intelligent Arithmetic Optimization with Ensemble Deep Transfer Learning Based Melanoma Classification (IAOEDTT-MC) model. The proposed IAOEDTT-MC… More >

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