WEITAO ZHENG¹, DONG JIANG², SONGEN CHEN¹, MEILING WU¹, BAOQI YAN², JIAHUI ZHAI², YUNQIANG SHI², BIN XIE¹, XINGWANG XIE², KANGHONG HU^1,*, WENXUE MA^3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.12, pp. 1837-1850, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.056565 - 13 November 2024

Abstract Objectives: The Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) G12D oncogenic mutation poses a significant challenge in treating solid tumors due to the lack of specific and effective therapeutic interventions. This study aims to explore innovative approaches in T cell receptor (TCR) engineering and characterization to target the KRAS G12D_7-16 mutation, providing potential strategies for overcoming this therapeutic challenge. Methods: In this innovative study, we engineered and characterized two T cell receptors (TCRs), KDA11-01 and KDA11-02 with high affinity for the KRAS G12D_7-16 mutation. These TCRs were isolated from tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from tumor tissues of patients More >

JYOTHI B. NAIR^1,2, ANU MARY JOSEPH³, SANOOP P.⁴, MANU M. JOSEPH^5,*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.11, pp. 1579-1602, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.054879 - 07 November 2024

Abstract Nanoparticles represent a heterogeneous collection of materials, whether natural or synthetic, with dimensions aligning in the nanoscale. Because of their intense manifestation with the immune system, they can be harvested for numerous bio-medical and biotechnological advancements mainly in cancer treatment. This review article aims to scrutinize various types of nanoparticles that interact differently with immune cells like macrophages, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells. It also underscores the importance of knowing how nanoparticles influence immune cell functions, such as the production of cytokines and the presentation of antigens which are crucial for… More >

CONGLIANG CHEN^#, XIAOHONG LENG^#, YU ZHANG, JUNMEI HU, DAPENG WEI, PEIPEI WANG^*, XIA WANG^*

BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.12, pp. 2661-2669, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.043084 - 27 December 2023

Abstract Background: T lymphocytes, the main participants of cellular immunity, can express a variety of surface molecules and form different lymphocyte subsets under the induction of different factors to play the functions of immune regulation and immune killing. Studies have shown that platelets play a crucial role in maintaining the stable differentiation of lymphocytes and the balance in immunomodulation. Therefore, it is necessary to study the effect of platelets on lymphocytes in vitro to better understand the role of platelets in the immune system and broaden the application of adoptive immunotherapy. Methods: Cell counting and microscopic observation were… More >

GUSTAVO MARTÍN VILLOLDO¹, MARÍA TERESA POMBO², MARIANA ARIS³, JOAQUÍN CHEMI¹, PABLO MANDÓ³, SUPRIYA NAGARAJU⁴, JUAN CAMEAN¹, ADRIÁN BURIONI¹, DEBORAH EGEA¹, MORA AMAT⁵, JOSÉ LEÓN MELLADO³, JOSÉ MORDOH³, ALBERTO VILLARONGA¹, MARÍA MARCELA BARRIO^3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.31, No.2, pp. 207-220, 2023, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.028163 - 10 April 2023

Abstract Intravesical Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) is the gold standard therapy for intermediate/high-risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, the response rate is ~60%, and 50% of non-responders will progress to muscle-invasive disease. BCG induces massive local infiltration of inflammatory cells (Th1) and ultimately cytotoxic tumor elimination. We searched for predictive biomarker of BCG response by analyzing tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) polarization in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in pre-treatment biopsies. Pre-treatment biopsies from patients with NMIBC who received adequate intravesical instillation of BCG (n = 32) were evaluated retrospectively by immunohistochemistry. TME polarization was assessed by quantifying… More > Graphic Abstract

Xue Cui^1,2, Min Peng², Honglei Chen^1,*

Oncologie, Vol.24, No.4, pp. 665-678, 2022, DOI:10.32604/oncologie.2022.023641 - 31 December 2022

Abstract The emergence of tumor immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has brought new life to cancer treatment, and ICIs can effectively treat various tumors. Among the immune anti-cancer therapies, PD-1 is undoubtedly the hot target after CTLA-4, but due to the ineffectiveness of PD-1 in treating certain tumors, researchers have shifted their focus to other combination targets, such as LAG-3, TIM3, IDO-1, etc. One of these promising targets is LAG-3, a target with multiple clinical trials, which has increasingly shown to be an inhibitory co-receptor that plays a vital role in autoimmunity, cancer immunity, and More >

Lipeng Gao^1,2,#, Rongyin Gui^1,#, Xinnan Zheng¹, Yingxue Wang¹, Yao Gong¹, Tim Hua Wang¹, Jichuang Wang³, Junyi Huang^1,2, Xinhua Liao^1,2,*

Oncologie, Vol.24, No.3, pp. 565-577, 2022, DOI:10.32604/oncologie.2022.022454 - 19 September 2022

Abstract Houttuynia cordata Thunb (HCT) is a medicinal and edible herb that has beneficial effects on various diseases due to its diuretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-cancer and anti-diabetic properties. Most reports of its anti-cancer activity were conducted in vitro, and its effects on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) have not been investigated yet. Using DMBA/TPA induced SCC mice model, we found that topical treatment by HCT, as well as its bioactive ingredient monomer, efficiently inhibited tumor growth. Mechanistically, tumor infiltrating CD⁴⁺ , Foxp³⁺ T regulatory cells (Tregs) were significantly reduced and CD⁸⁺ /Treg cells ratio was largely increased More >

ALPASLAN OZTURK^1,*, MEHMET KARA²

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.12, pp. 2625-2635, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.023124 - 10 August 2022

Abstract In this study, our aim was to examine the diagnostic and prognostic significance of lymphocyte/C-reactive protein ratio (LCR), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and D-dimer parameters in COVID-19 infection. The LCR, NLR, neutrophil count, mean platelet volume (MPV), C-reactive protein (CRP), and D-dimer parameters were evaluated retrospectively. This was a retrospective cohort study with 1000 COVID-19 positive and 1000 healthy control groups, all over the age of 18 years. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) values were calculated for each parameter found to be statistically significant in the univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Herein,… More >

G. Sriram¹, T. R. Ganesh Babu², R. Praveena^2,*, J. V. Anand³

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.19, No.1, pp. 29-40, 2022, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2022.016966 - 12 January 2022

Abstract Leukemoid reaction like leukemia indicates noticeable increased count of WBCs (White Blood Cells) but the cause of it is due to severe inflammation or infections in other body regions. In automatic diagnosis in classifying leukemia and leukemoid reactions, ALL IDB2 (Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Image Data Base) dataset has been used which comprises 110 training images of blast cells and healthy cells. This paper aimed at an automatic process to distinguish leukemia and leukemoid reactions from blood smear images using Machine Learning. Initially, automatic detection and counting of WBC is done to identify leukocytosis and then an… More >

Jiangyong Liu^1,#,*, Mingming Gu^2,#, Yang Xue¹, Qiong Wang³, Yong Ren³, Wencai Huang^1,*

Oncologie, Vol.23, No.3, pp. 439-452, 2021, DOI:10.32604/oncologie.2021.017220 - 26 September 2021

Abstract Cavitary lung cancer is a rare type of lung cancer. Generally, the relationship between cavitary lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and specific immune checkpoints remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to detect the expression of programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1) and the density of CD8-positive (CD8⁺) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) to evaluate their clinicopathological significance in the case of patients with cavitary LUAD. This study included 65 patients with cavitary LUAD. Patient specimens were obtained from surgery. The expression of PD-L1 protein and CD8⁺ TIL status was detected by traditional immunohistochemistry and multiplex quantitative immunofluorescence technology. The correlation of… More >

Gloria B. Kim^1,†, Qiong Wei^2,†, Virginia Aragon-Sanabria¹, Sulin Zhang², Jian Yang¹, Cheng Dong^1,*

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.16, Suppl.2, pp. 15-15, 2019, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2019.07137

Abstract Most cells survive and grow by attaching and spreading on a substrate. They generate internal tension that contracts the cell body and thus exert tractions on the underlying substrate through focal adhesions. Traction force also plays a critical role in many biological processes, such as inflammation, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Thus, measuring the cell traction force provides valuable information on understanding the underlying mechanism of these biological processes. Here, a traction force microscopy (TFM) method using super thin hydrogels composed of immobilized fluorescent beads was utilized to quantify the mechanical forces generated during the transmigration of… More >