STEPHEN E. LANGABEER^*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.9, pp. 1423-1427, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.051218 - 23 August 2024

Abstract Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is an uncommon mature B-cell malignancy characterized by a typical morphology, immunophenotype, and clinical profile. The vast majority of HCL patients harbor the canonical BRAF V600E mutation which has become a rationalized target of the subsequently deregulated RAS-RAF-MEK-MAPK signaling pathway in HCL patients who have relapsed or who are refractory to front-line therapy. However, several HCL patients with a classical phenotype display non-canonical BRAF mutations or rearrangements. These include sequence variants within alternative exons and an oncogenic fusion with the IGH gene. Care must be taken in the molecular diagnostic work-up of patients More >

Sonali Das¹, Saroja Kumar Rout², Sujit Kumar Panda¹, Pradyumna Kumar Mohapatra³, Abdulaziz S. Almazyad⁴, Muhammed Basheer Jasser^5,6,*, Guojiang Xiong⁷, Ali Wagdy Mohamed^8,9

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.141, No.1, pp. 893-916, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.051856 - 20 August 2024

Abstract In blood or bone marrow, leukemia is a form of cancer. A person with leukemia has an expansion of white blood cells (WBCs). It primarily affects children and rarely affects adults. Treatment depends on the type of leukemia and the extent to which cancer has established throughout the body. Identifying leukemia in the initial stage is vital to providing timely patient care. Medical image-analysis-related approaches grant safer, quicker, and less costly solutions while ignoring the difficulties of these invasive processes. It can be simple to generalize Computer vision (CV)-based and image-processing techniques and eradicate human… More >

MENNA AL-ADL^1,*, MAGDY M. YOUSSEF¹, AHMED EL-SEBAIE², SHERIF REFAAT³, AFAF EL-SAID⁴

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.4, pp. 785-797, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.047021 - 20 March 2024

Abstract Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) play a prominent role in catalyzing phase I xenobiotic biotransformation and account for about 75% of the total metabolism of commercially available drugs, including chemotherapeutics. The gene expression and enzyme activity of CYPs are variable between individuals, which subsequently leads to different patterns of susceptibility to carcinogenesis by genotoxic xenobiotics, as well as differences in the efficacy and toxicity of clinically used drugs. This research aimed to examine the presence of the CYP2B6*9 polymorphism and its possible association with the incidence of B-CLL in Egyptian patients, as well as the clinical outcome after… More > Graphic Abstract

MONA S. ABDELLATEIF^1,*, NAGLAA M. HASSAN², MAHMOUD M. KAMEL², YOMNA M. EL-MELIGUI²

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 577-584, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.043026 - 06 February 2024

Abstract Background: microRNA-34a (miR-34a) had been reported to have a diagnostic role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, its value in the bone marrow (BM) of AML patients, in addition to its role in response to therapy is still unclear. The current study was designed to assess the diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive significance of miR-34a in the BM of AML patients. Methods: The miR-34a was assessed in BM aspirate of 82 AML patients in relation to 12 normal control subjects using qRT-PCR. The data were assessed for correlation with the relevant clinical criteria, response to therapy,… More >

Nilkanth Mukund Deshpande^1,2, Shilpa Gite^3,4,*, Biswajeet Pradhan^5,6, Abdullah Alamri⁷, Chang-Wook Lee^8,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.1, pp. 593-631, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.030704 - 30 December 2023

Abstract Infection of leukemia in humans causes many complications in its later stages. It impairs bone marrow’s ability to produce blood. Morphological diagnosis of human blood cells is a well-known and well-proven technique for diagnosis in this case. The binary classification is employed to distinguish between normal and leukemia-infected cells. In addition, various subtypes of leukemia require different treatments. These sub-classes must also be detected to obtain an accurate diagnosis of the type of leukemia. This entails using multi-class classification to determine the leukemia subtype. This is usually done using a microscopic examination of these blood… More > Graphic Abstract

Abdel Nasser H. Zaied¹, Ehab Rushdy², Mona Gamal^3,*

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.47, No.2, pp. 1349-1364, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.033596 - 28 July 2023

Abstract Acute leukemia is an aggressive disease that has high mortality rates worldwide. The error rate can be as high as 40% when classifying acute leukemia into its subtypes. So, there is an urgent need to support hematologists during the classification process. More than two decades ago, researchers used microarray gene expression data to classify cancer and adopted acute leukemia as a test case. The high classification accuracy they achieved confirmed that it is possible to classify cancer subtypes using microarray gene expression data. Ensemble machine learning is an effective method that combines individual classifiers to… More >

Chaudhary Hassan Abbas Gondal^1,*, Muhammad Irfan², Sarmad Shafique³, Muhammad Salman Bashir⁴, Mansoor Ahmed¹, Osama M.Alshehri⁵, Hassan H. Almasoudi⁵, Samar M. Alqhtani⁶, Mohammed M. Jalal⁷, Malik A. Altayar⁷, Khalaf F. Alsharif⁸

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.46, No.3, pp. 3541-3558, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.036476 - 03 April 2023

Abstract Leukemia is a kind of blood cancer that damages the cells in the blood and bone marrow of the human body. It produces cancerous blood cells that disturb the human’s immune system and significantly affect bone marrow’s production ability to effectively create different types of blood cells like red blood cells (RBCs) and white blood cells (WBC), and platelets. Leukemia can be diagnosed manually by taking a complete blood count test of the patient’s blood, from which medical professionals can investigate the signs of leukemia cells. Furthermore, two other methods, microscopic inspection of blood smears… More >

Neenavath Veeraiah^1,*, Youseef Alotaibi², Ahmad F. Subahi³

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.46, No.2, pp. 2039-2058, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.036985 - 09 February 2023

Abstract Leukemia, often called blood cancer, is a disease that primarily affects white blood cells (WBCs), which harms a person’s tissues and plasma. This condition may be fatal when if it is not diagnosed and recognized at an early stage. The physical technique and lab procedures for Leukaemia identification are considered time-consuming. It is crucial to use a quick and unexpected way to identify different forms of Leukaemia. Timely screening of the morphologies of immature cells is essential for reducing the severity of the disease and reducing the number of people who require treatment. Various deep-learning… More >

Neenavath Veeraiah^1,*, Youseef Alotaibi², Ahmad F. Subahi³

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.46, No.2, pp. 1879-1900, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.034658 - 09 February 2023

Abstract An abnormality that develops in white blood cells is called leukemia. The diagnosis of leukemia is made possible by microscopic investigation of the smear in the periphery. Prior training is necessary to complete the morphological examination of the blood smear for leukemia diagnosis. This paper proposes a Histogram Threshold Segmentation Classifier (HTsC) for a decision support system. The proposed HTsC is evaluated based on the color and brightness variation in the dataset of blood smear images. Arithmetic operations are used to crop the nucleus based on automated approximation. White Blood Cell (WBC) segmentation is calculated… More >

ZHANSHU LIU¹, XI HUANG^2,*

BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.3, pp. 593-605, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.024148 - 03 January 2023

Abstract Purpose: Iron metabolism maintains the balance between iron absorption and excretion. Abnormal iron metabolism can cause numerous diseases, including tumor. This study determined the iron metabolism-related genes (IMRGs) signature that can predict the prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The roles of these genes in the immune microenvironment were also explored. Methods: A total of 514 IMRGs were downloaded from the Molecular Characteristics Database (MSigDB). IMRGs related to AML prognosis were identified using Cox regression and LASSO analyses and were used to construct the risk score model. AML patients were stratified into high-risk groups (cluster 1)… More >