Khalid Hamid¹, Muhammad Waseem Iqbal^2,*, Muhammad Usman Ashraf³, Ahmed Mohammed Alghamdi⁴, Adel A. Bahaddad⁵, Khalid Ali Almarhabi⁶

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.1, pp. 363-378, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.032271 - 22 September 2022

Abstract Due to a tremendous increase in mobile traffic, mobile operators have started to restructure their networks to offload their traffic. New research directions will lead to fundamental changes in the design of future Fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks. For the formal reason, the study solves the physical network of the mobile base station for the prediction of the best characteristics to develop an enhanced network with the help of graph theory. Any number that can be uniquely calculated by a graph is known as a graph invariant. During the last two decades, innumerable numerical graph invariants… More >

Khalid Hamid¹, Muhammad Waseem Iqbal^2,*, Abaid Ur Rehman Virk³, Muhammad Usman Ashraf⁴, Ahmed Mohammed Alghamdi⁵, Adel A. Bahaddad⁶, Khalid Ali Almarhabi⁷

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.73, No.1, pp. 15-31, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.028406 - 18 May 2022

Abstract Any number that can be uniquely determined by a graph is called a graph invariant. During the last twenty years’ countless mathematical graph invariants have been characterized and utilized for correlation analysis. However, no reliable examination has been embraced to decide, how much these invariants are related with a network graph or molecular graph. In this paper, it will discuss three different variants of bridge networks with good potential of prediction in the field of computer science, mathematics, chemistry, pharmacy, informatics and biology in context with physical and chemical structures and networks, because k-banhatti sombor More >