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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    AM Fungi and Piriformospora indica Improve Plant Growth of Pinus elliottii Seedlings

    Taoze Sun, Wei Tan, Yujie Yang, Hongna Mu*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.1, pp. 171-178, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.013668

    Abstract Pinus elliottii is an exotic afforestation pine extensively distributed in southern parts of China. In order to understand whether endophytic fungi can affect seedling growth of P. elliottii, Piriformospora indica (Pi), Funnelifcrmis mosseae (Fm), and Diversispora tortuosa (Dt) were inoculated respectively, and the non-inoculated group was set as control. The growth indexes, the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein, and plant endogenous hormone levels in the leaves of P. elliottii, were analyzed. The results showed that Fm, Dt and Pi colonized the P. elliottii roots to form mycorrhizal structure and chlamydospores arranged in beads respectively. Three fungal inoculants exhibited… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Species Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere of Hevea brasiliensis in Hainan Island, China

    Xiubing Gao1,3, Jiejie Lv2, Can Guo1, Anlong Hu3, Xiaomao Wu3, Zengping Li4,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.1, pp. 179-192, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.012968

    Abstract Hevea brasiliensis is one of the important economic trees with a great economic value for natural rubber production. Symbiosis between roots of H. brasiliensis and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is widely recognized, and can provide a range of benefits for both of them. Hainan Island harbors is one of the largest plantations of H. brasiliensis in China, whereas the information regarding the diversity of AMF in the rhizosphere of H. brasiliensis on this island is scarce. The diversity of AMF species in the rhizosphere of rubber tree plantations in Hainan was investigated in this study. A total of 72 soil… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Inhibitory Effect of N, N-Dimethylhexadecylamine on the Growth of White-Rot Fungus Trametes versicolor (L.) in Wood

    Wilber Montejo-Mayo1, Eduardo Días-Rivera1, Mauro Martínez-Pacheco2, Abril Munro-Rojas1, Enrique Ambriz-Parra1, Crisanto Velázquez-Becerra1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.1, pp. 193-206, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.011402

    Abstract Wood is an organic material that is a source of carbon of organisms called Wood-decay fungi, and to preserve the wood, various toxic compounds to man and the environment have been used. To analyze the effect of N,N-Dimethylhexadecylamine (DMHDA) on wood attacked by the rotting fungus Trametes versicolor L. We used an in vitro system to expose the fungus T. versicolor to different concentrations of the DMHDA (50, 150 and 450 μM). We quantified the diameter of mycelial growth and laccase activity, also, under these experimental conditions we studied morphological details of the organisms using different scanning equipment including scanning… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Antimicrobial evaluation of extracts obtained from tropical micromycetes against phytopathogens

    Moreno Pérez P1,3, M Gamboa Angulo1, G Heredia2, B Canto Canché1, CM Rodríguez García1, IL Medina Baizabal1, L Peraza Echeverría1

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.85, pp. 7-14, 2016, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2016.85.007

    Abstract Nowadays, it is highly necessary to find more and safer agrochemicals. In this sense, micromycetes are an important source of natural products which could be used to control plant diseases. Therefore with the aims to contribute in this searching of natural products with antimicrobial applications, a total of 49 fungal strains were isolated from the Yucatan Peninsula. These fungi were cultured in fermented rice, their respective organic extracts macerated in ethyl acetate (EAE) and methanol (ME) were obtained and tested against five fungal pathogens of agricultural importance. These included Alternaria chrysanthemi, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Mycosphaerella fijiensis, and the bacteria Erwinia carotovoraMore >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their effects on growth of different cultivars of Capsicum annuum L.

    González-Mendoza D1, A García-López1, C Ceceña Duran1, O Grimaldo-Juarez1, M Aviles-Marín1, Y Pérez-Luna2, P Álvarez-Gutiérrez2

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.84, No.2, pp. 345-350, 2015, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2015.84.345

    Abstract We studied the changes in the number of leaves, roots and height on three cultivars of Capsicum anuumm (Jalapeño, Serrano and De árbol) after inoculation with Glomus intraradices FS18 and Glomus Zac-19. Results indicated that Glomus intraradices FS18 produced greater effects on height (6.12 and 5.63 cm) and number of leaves (10.66 and 5.84) in the cultivars “Jalapeño” and “De árbol”, respectively. On the other hand, Glomus zac-19 stimulated the number of leaves and roots in “Serrano” pepper (6.17 leaves and 15.31 roots) and “Arbol” (6.52 leaves and 26.32 roots). Our results demonstrate the capacity of Glomus intraradices FS18 and… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Endophytic fungi from Camellia sinensis show an antimicrobial activity against the rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe grisea

    Zhu XJ, YF Hu, X Chen, YH Wang, WP Fang, XH Li

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 57-63, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.057

    Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antagonistic activity of two endophytic fungal strains, Pseudocercospora kaki and Penicillium sclerotiorum, isolated from the leaves of Camellia sinensis, against the rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe grisea. The inhibitory activity of the two endophytes against M. grisea in dual-culture was compared with that in monoculture. It was confirmed that the broth and its ethyl acetate extract of the dual-culture had a much stronger inhibition activity against M. grisea than the monocultures of P. kaki and P. sclerotiorum. The antagonism index of the broth and ethyl acetate extract from dual-culture to the mycelial… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Control of seedling damping off caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii using onion broths

    Rivera MC1, ER Wright1, MC Fabrizio2, G Freixá1, R Cabalini1, SE Lopez3

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 227-234, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.227

    Abstract Damping off is a frequent disease that kills seedlings. Cultural and biological controls are the only tools in organic crops to manage this disease, and only empirical information is available on the efficiency of plant preparations. This work evaluates the effects of fermented onion decoctions on the growth of Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii and disease incidence. Broth (B) and sterilized broth (SB) were respectively obtained by boiling chopped yellow onions in water, and incubating for 14 days at room temperature, with or without subsequent sterilization. The pathogens were grown on potato dextrose agar supplemented with B and SB, diluted… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Protective eect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plants of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) exposed to Cr(VI)

    Carreón-Abud Y, MA Beltrán-Nambo, M Martínez Trujillo

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 127-134, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.127

    Abstract Chromium (Cr) is a highly toxic non-essential metal for microorganisms and plants; due to its frequent industrial use, it has become a pollutant for different agroecosystems. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are associated with most angiosperms and provide them with beneficial effects on the absorption of some nutrients. Moreover, it has been reported that in some cases the AMF can confer greater tolerance to plants in the presence of heavy metals. The tomato (Solanum lycorpersicum) is an important crop in Mexico. In most cases, it grows under applied irrigation water from reservoirs which include domestic and industrial wastes. In this study… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Fungi degrading metsulfuron methyl in agricultural soils of Argentina

    Vázquez MB1, MV Bianchinotti1,2

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 113-118, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.113

    Abstract Strains of Mucor, Penicillium and Trichoderma, able to use metsulfuron-methyl (MM) as a sole carbon and energy source, were isolated from agricultural soils in Argentina. This is the first time this ability is recorded in the Mucor or Trichoderma species. When the isolated strains were compared in relation to their capacity to use the herbicide, those of Trichoderma showed the best results. Because of this, they were selected for further assays. The effect of metsulfuron on growth in liquid media was tested. Also, the ability of conidia to germinate in water agar medium containing the target herbicide was evaluated. All… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Antibacterial and antifungic activity of the unifloral honeys of Quillaja saponaria, an endemic Chilean species

    Montenegro G, F Salas, RC Peña, R Pizarro

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.78, pp. 141-146, 2009, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2009.78.141

    Abstract The detection of phenolics, flavonoids and related compounds by HPLC in extracts of unifloral honey of Quillay (Quillaja saponaria) showed phenolic compounds such as caffeic, coumaric and salicylic acids, the flavanone naringenin and the flavonol kaempferol. These extracts showed antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aureginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus typhi, S. aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae type β, and Vibrio cholerae, and antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Additionally, some aroma and decomposition compounds were identified in the ethanol extract. More >

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