Yanjing Cao1, Chenchen Xu1,2, Qi Li1, Shan Lu1,2,*, Jing Xiao1,*
International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, Vol.26, No.4, pp. 261-269, 2024, DOI:10.32604/ijmhp.2024.043729
Abstract Background: Valid and reliable measures of depressive symptoms are crucial for understanding risk factors, outcomes, and interventions across rural and urban settings. Despite this need, the longitudinal invariance of these measures over time remains understudied. This research explores the structural components of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and examines its consistency across various living environments and temporal stability in a cohort of Chinese teenagers. Method: In the initial phase, 1,042 adolescents furnished demographic details and undertook the CES-D assessment. After a three-month interval, 967 of these participants repeated the CES-D evaluation. The… More >
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