Siwakorn Banluesapy, Mahasak Ketcham^*, Montean Rattanasiriwongwut

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.10, pp. 4261-4296, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.068422 - 30 September 2025

Abstract Traditional agricultural irrigation systems waste significant amounts of water and energy due to inefficient scheduling and the absence of real-time monitoring capabilities. This research developed a comprehensive IoT-based smart irrigation control system to optimize water and energy management in agricultural greenhouses while enhancing crop productivity. The system employs a sophisticated four-layer Internet of Things (IoT) architecture based on an ESP32 microcontroller, integrated with multiple environmental sensors, including soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and light intensity sensors, for comprehensive environmental monitoring. The system utilizes the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) communication protocol for reliable data transmission and… More >

Khadija Slimani^1,2,*, Samira Khoulji², Hamed Taherdoost^3,4, Mohamed Larbi Kerkeb⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.2, pp. 4115-4132, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.066544 - 23 September 2025

Abstract Reliable and efficient communication is essential for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) networks, especially in dynamic and resource-constrained environments such as disaster management, surveillance, and environmental monitoring. Frequent topology changes, high mobility, and limited energy availability pose significant challenges to maintaining stable and high-performance routing. Traditional routing protocols, such as Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Load-Balanced Optimized Predictive Ad hoc Routing (LB-OPAR), and Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV), often experience performance degradation under such conditions. To address these limitations, this study evaluates the effectiveness of Dynamic Adaptive Routing (DAR), a protocol designed to adapt routing decisions… More >

Rachid Djeffal^1,2, Sidi Mohammed El Amine Bekkouche^1,2, Zakaria Triki², Abir Abboud², Sabrina Lekmine³, Hichem Tahraoui^2,4, Jie Zhang⁵, Abdeltif Amrane^4,*

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.4, pp. 1129-1149, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.067734 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Refrigeration systems are essential across various sectors, including food preservation, medical storage, and climate control. However, their high energy consumption and environmental impact necessitate innovative solutions to enhance efficiency while minimizing energy usage. This paper investigates the integration of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) into a vapor compression refrigeration system to enhance energy efficiency and temperature regulation for food preservation. A multifunctional prototype was tested under two configurations: (1) a standard thermally insulated room, and (2) the same room augmented with eutectic plates filled with either Glaceol (−10°C melting point) or distilled water (0°C melting point).… More > Graphic Abstract

Surender Singh^1,2,*, Naveen Bilandi^1,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.1, pp. 489-509, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.065101 - 31 July 2025

Abstract Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is essential for continuous health monitoring. However, they face energy efficiency challenges due to the low power consumption of sensor nodes. Current WBAN routing protocols face limitations in strategically minimizing energy consumption during the retrieval of vital health parameters. Efficient network traffic management remains a challenge, with existing approaches often resulting in increased delay and reduced throughput. Additionally, insufficient attention has been paid to enhancing channel capacity to maintain signal strength and mitigate fading effects under dynamic and robust operating scenarios. Several routing strategies and procedures have been developed to… More >

Hamed Yousefzadeh Eini, Mohammad Hossein Sabouri, Mojtaba Babaelahi^*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.7, pp. 1771-1788, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.066747 - 31 July 2025

Abstract Heat Recovery Ventilators (HRVs) are essential for improving indoor air quality (IAQ) and reducing energy consumption in residential buildings situated in cold climates. This study considers the efficiency and performance optimization of HRVs under cold climatic conditions, where conventional ventilation systems increase heat loss. A comprehensive numerical model was developed using COMSOL Multiphysics, integrating fluid dynamics, heat transfer, and solid mechanics to evaluate the thermal efficiency and structural integrity of an HRV system. The methodology employed a detailed geometry with tetrahedral elements, temperature-dependent material properties, and coupled governing equations solved under Tehran-specific boundary conditions. A More >

Peng Zhou^1,2, Wei Chen¹, Bingyu Cao^1,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.3, pp. 5337-5360, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.065561 - 30 July 2025

Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), as a crucial component of the Internet of Things (IoT), are widely used in environmental monitoring, industrial control, and security surveillance. However, WSNs still face challenges such as inaccurate node clustering, low energy efficiency, and shortened network lifespan in practical deployments, which significantly limit their large-scale application. To address these issues, this paper proposes an Adaptive Chaotic Ant Colony Optimization algorithm (AC-ACO), aiming to optimize the energy utilization and system lifespan of WSNs. AC-ACO combines the path-planning capability of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) with the dynamic characteristics of chaotic mapping and… More >

A. F. M. Shahen Shah^1,*, Muhammet Ali Karabulut², Abu Kamruzzaman³, Dalal Alharthi⁴, Phillip G. Bradford⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.2, pp. 1981-2013, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.064028 - 03 July 2025

Abstract The advent of 6G wireless technology, which offers previously unattainable data rates, very low latency, and compatibility with a wide range of communication devices, promises to transform the networking environment completely. The 6G wireless proposals aim to expand wireless communication’s capabilities well beyond current levels. This technology is expected to revolutionize how we communicate, connect, and use the power of the digital world. However, maintaining secure and efficient data management becomes crucial as 6G networks grow in size and complexity. This study investigates blockchain clustering and artificial intelligence (AI) approaches to ensure a reliable and… More >

Nimisha Rajput^1,#, Amit Kumar¹, Raghavendra Pal^1,#, Nishu Gupta^2,*, Mikko Uitto², Jukka Mäkelä²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.3, pp. 3839-3859, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.065903 - 30 June 2025

Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) play a critical role in automated border surveillance systems, where continuous monitoring is essential. However, limited energy resources in sensor nodes lead to frequent network failures and reduced coverage over time. To address this issue, this paper presents an innovative energy-efficient protocol based on deep Q-learning (DQN), specifically developed to prolong the operational lifespan of WSNs used in border surveillance. By harnessing the adaptive power of DQN, the proposed protocol dynamically adjusts node activity and communication patterns. This approach ensures optimal energy usage while maintaining high coverage, connectivity, and data accuracy. More >

Md Tanjil Sarker^1,*, See Wei Jing¹, Gobbi Ramasamy^1,*, Siva Priya Thiagarajah¹, Md. Golam Sadeque²

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.7, pp. 2891-2909, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.065331 - 27 June 2025

Abstract Industrial processes often involve rotating machinery that generates substantial kinetic energy, much of which remains untapped. Harvesting rotational kinetic energy offers a promising solution to reduce energy waste and improve energy efficiency in industrial applications. This research investigates the potential of electromagnetic induction for harvesting rotational kinetic energy from industrial machinery. A comparative study was conducted between disk and cylinder-shaped rotational bodies to evaluate their energy efficiency under various load conditions. Experimental results demonstrated that the disk body exhibited higher energy efficiency, primarily due to lower mechanical losses compared to the cylinder body. A power… More >

Alex Ximenes Naves¹, Gladys Maquera², Assed Haddad¹, Dieter Boer^3,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.7, pp. 2611-2636, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.061971 - 27 June 2025

Abstract The growing concern for energy efficiency and the increasing deployment of intermittent renewable energies has led to the development of technologies for capturing, storing, and discharging energy. Supercapacitors can be considered where batteries do not meet the requirements. However, supercapacitors in systems with a slower charge/discharge cycle, such as photovoltaic systems (PVS), present other obstacles that make replacing batteries more challenging. An extensive literature review unveils a knowledge gap regarding a methodological comparison of batteries and supercapacitors. In this study, we address the technological feasibility of intermittent renewable energy generation systems, focusing on storage solutions… More > Graphic Abstract