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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Innovative Dual Two-Phase Cooling System for Thermal Management of Electric Vehicle Batteries Using Dielectric Fluids and Pulsating Heat Pipes

    Federico Sacchelli1, Luca Cattani1,2, Matteo Malavasi1, Fabio Bozzoli1,2,*, Corrado Sciancalepore1

    Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.23, No.5, pp. 1351-1364, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2025.064154 - 31 October 2025

    Abstract This study investigates the feasibility of a novel dual two-phase cooling system for thermal management in lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles (EVs). The proposed system aims to combine low-boiling dielectric fluid immersion cooling and pulsating heat pipes (PHPs), in order to leverage the advantages of both technologies for efficient heat dissipation in a completely passive configuration. Experimental evaluations conducted under different discharge conditions demonstrate that the system effectively maintains battery temperatures within the optimal range of 20–40°C, with enhanced temperature uniformity and stability. While the PHP exhibited minimal impact at low power, its role More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The Use of Single-Phase Immersion Cooling by Using Two Types of Dielectric Fluid for Data Center Energy Savings

    Nugroho Agung Pambudi*, Awibi Muhamad Yusuf, Alfan Sarifudin

    Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.1, pp. 275-286, 2022, DOI:10.32604/EE.2022.017356 - 22 November 2021

    Abstract Data centers are recognized as one of the most important aspects of the fourth industrial revolution since conventional data centers are inefficient and have dependency on high energy consumption, in which the cooling is responsible for 40% of the usage. Therefore, this research proposes the immersion cooling method to solving the high energy consumption of data centers by cooling its component using two types of dielectric fluids. Four stages of experimental methods are used, such as fluid types, cooling effectiveness, optimization, and durability. Furthermore, benchmark software is used to measure the CPU maximum work with More >

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