Junxian Ma¹, Haonan Zhao^2,*, Zhibing Hu³, Yaru Shen³, Fan Ding³, Shouqi Jiang²

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.070530 - 27 January 2026

Abstract Energy storage-equipped photovoltaic (PV-storage) systems can meet frequency regulation requirements under various operating conditions, and their coordinated support for grid frequency has become a future trend. To address frequency stability issues caused by low inertia and weak damping, this paper proposes a multi-timescale frequency regulation coordinated control strategy for PV-storage integrated systems. First, a self-synchronizing control strategy for grid-connected inverters is designed based on DC voltage dynamics, enabling active inertia support while transmitting frequency variation information. Next, an energy storage inertia support control strategy is developed to enhance the frequency nadir, and an active frequency… More >

Mengxuan Shi¹, Lintao Li², Dejun Shao¹, Xiaojie Pan¹, Xingyu Shi^2,*, Yuxun Wang²

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.069915 - 27 December 2025

Abstract In wind power transmission via modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current (MMC-HVDC) systems, under traditional control strategies, MMC-HVDC cannot provide inertia support to the receiving-end grid (REG) during disturbances. Moreover, due to the frequency decoupling between the two ends of the MMC-HVDC, the sending-end wind farm (SEWF) cannot obtain the frequency variation information of the REG to provide inertia response. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel coordinated source-network-storage inertia control strategy based on wind power transmission via MMC-HVDC system. First, the grid-side MMC station (GS-MMC) maps the frequency variations of the REG to… More >

Chun Xiao^1,2,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.7, pp. 2719-2750, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.063782 - 27 June 2025

Abstract In contemporary power systems, delving into the flexible regulation potential of demand-side resources is of paramount significance for the efficient operation of power grids. This research puts forward an innovative multivariate flexible load aggregation control approach that takes dynamic demand response into full consideration. In the initial stage, using generalized time-domain aggregation modelling for a wide array of heterogeneous flexible loads, including temperature-controlled loads, electric vehicles, and energy storage devices, a novel calculation method for their maximum adjustable capacities is devised. Distinct from conventional methods, this newly developed approach enables more precise and adaptable quantification… More >

Yun Zhang^1,*, Zifen Han², Biao Tian¹, Ning Chen², Yi Fan³

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.1, pp. 167-184, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.056190 - 27 December 2024

Abstract The new energy power generation is becoming increasingly important in the power system. Such as photovoltaic power generation has become a research hotspot, however, due to the characteristics of light radiation changes, photovoltaic power generation is unstable and random, resulting in a low utilization rate and directly affecting the stability of the power grid. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a coordinated control strategy for a new energy power generation system with a hybrid energy storage unit based on the lithium iron phosphate-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage unit. Firstly, the variational mode decomposition algorithm is… More >

Wentao Li¹, Jiantao Liu², Yudun Li³, Guoxin Ming¹, Kaifeng Zhang¹, Kun Yuan^1,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.121, No.9, pp. 2479-2503, 2024, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.050852 - 19 August 2024

Abstract With the large-scale development and utilization of renewable energy, industrial flexible loads, as a kind of load-side resource with strong regulation ability, provide new opportunities for the research on renewable energy consumption problem in power systems. This paper proposes a two-layer active power optimization model based on industrial flexible loads for power grid partitioning, aiming at improving the line over-limit problem caused by renewable energy consumption in power grids with high proportion of renewable energy, and achieving the safe, stable and economical operation of power grids. Firstly, according to the evaluation index of renewable energy… More >

He Li¹, Xianchao Liu^2,*, Jidong Li¹, Yuchen Qiu²

Energy Engineering, Vol.121, No.8, pp. 2293-2311, 2024, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.048752 - 19 July 2024

Abstract When employing stepwise inertial control (SIC), wind power generation can offer significant frequency support to the power system, concurrently mitigating energy shortages and suppressing secondary frequency drop. Nonetheless, further investigation is imperative for implementing stepped inertia control due to variations in frequency regulation capabilities and operational safety among diverse wind farm groups. Consequently, this paper advocates a multi-wind farm ladder timing SIC method designed to alleviate secondary drops in system frequency. Initially, the paper introduces the fundamental principles of stepped inertia control for a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) and deduces the relationship between support energy,… More >

G. Pandiaraj^*, S. Muralidharan

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.35, No.3, pp. 3713-3726, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.031463 - 17 August 2022

Abstract Four-wheeled, individual-driven, nonholonomic structured mobile robots are widely used in industries for automated work, inspection and exploration purposes. The trajectory tracking control of the four-wheel individual-driven mobile robot is one of the most blooming research topics due to its nonholonomic structure. The wheel velocities are separately adjusted to follow the trajectory in the old-fashioned kinematic control of skid-steered mobile robots. However, there is no consideration for robot dynamics when using a kinematic controller that solely addresses the robot chassis’s motion. As a result, the mobile robot has limited performance, such as chattering during curved movement.… More >

Jianfeng Yang^*, Rende Qi^*, Yang Liu, Yu Ding

Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.2, pp. 609-620, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.016969 - 24 January 2022

Abstract In order to minimize the harmonic distortion rate of the current at the common coupling point, this paper proposes a coordinated allocation strategy of harmonic compensation capacity considering the performance of active power filters (APF). On the premise of proportional distribution of harmonic compensation capacity, the harmonic compensation rate of each APF is considered, and the harmonic current value of each APF to be compensated is obtained. At the same time, the communication topology is introduced. Each APF takes into account the compensation ability of other APFs. Finally, three APFs with different capacity and performance More >

Guo Zhao^1,2, Jiang Guo^1,2, Hao Qiang³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.53, No.4, pp. 343-356, 2017, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2017.053.343

Abstract As a good measure to tackle the challenges from energy shortages and environmental pollution, Electric Vehicles (EVs) have entered a period of rapid growth. Battery swapping station is a very important way of energy supply to EVs, and it is urgently needed to explore a coordinated control strategy to effectively smooth the load fluctuation in order to adopt the large-scale EVs. Considering bidirectional power flow between the station and power grid, this paper proposed a SFLA-based control strategy to smooth the load profile. Finally, compared simulations were performed according to the related data. Compared to More >