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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Fast CU Partition for VVC Using Texture Complexity Classification Convolutional Neural Network

    Yue Zhang1,3,4, Pengyu Liu1,2,3,4,*, Xiaowei Jia5, Shanji Chen2, Tianyu Liu1,3,4, Chang Liu1,3,4

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.73, No.2, pp. 3545-3556, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.028226

    Abstract Versatile video coding (H.266/VVC), which was newly released by the Joint Video Exploration Team (JVET), introduces quad-tree plus multi-type tree (QTMT) partition structure on the basis of quad-tree (QT) partition structure in High Efficiency Video Coding (H.265/HEVC). More complicated coding unit (CU) partitioning processes in H.266/VVC significantly improve video compression efficiency, but greatly increase the computational complexity compared. The ultra-high encoding complexity has obstructed its real-time applications. In order to solve this problem, a CU partition algorithm using convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed in this paper to speed up the H.266/VVC CU partition process. Firstly, 64 × 64 CU… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    TP-MobNet: A Two-pass Mobile Network for Low-complexity Classification of Acoustic Scene

    Soonshin Seo1, Junseok Oh2, Eunsoo Cho2, Hosung Park2, Gyujin Kim2, Ji-Hwan Kim2,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.73, No.2, pp. 3291-3303, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.026259

    Abstract Acoustic scene classification (ASC) is a method of recognizing and classifying environments that employ acoustic signals. Various ASC approaches based on deep learning have been developed, with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) proving to be the most reliable and commonly utilized in ASC systems due to their suitability for constructing lightweight models. When using ASC systems in the real world, model complexity and device robustness are essential considerations. In this paper, we propose a two-pass mobile network for low-complexity classification of the acoustic scene, named TP-MobNet. With inverse residuals and linear bottlenecks, TP-MobNet is based on MobileNetV2, and following mobile blocks,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Cell bioenergetics: Simple logics, complex solution

    LUIS S. MAYORGA*

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2217-2220, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020806

    Abstract Cells are open systems that exchange energy and molecules with their environment. As any material system, they perform all the complex activities required for homeostasis and reproduction, obeying the thermodynamic laws. This viewpoint will argue that the basic logic governing the energy flux required to preserve cell organization and function is simple: to decrease the activation energy (Ea) of specific processes. Almost none of the possible chemical reactions and energy transformations inside a cell occur at a measurable speed at room or body temperature. Enzymes or other macromolecular structures speed up particular transformations by decreasing the corresponding energetic barriers. However,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Component Selection Framework of Cohesion and Coupling Metrics

    Iyyappan. M1, Arvind Kumar1, Sultan Ahmad2,*, Sudan Jha3, Bader Alouffi4, Abdullah Alharbi5

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.44, No.1, pp. 351-365, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.025163

    Abstract Component-based software engineering is concerned with the development of software that can satisfy the customer prerequisites through reuse or independent development. Coupling and cohesion measurements are primarily used to analyse the better software design quality, increase the reliability and reduced system software complexity. The complexity measurement of cohesion and coupling component to analyze the relationship between the component module. In this paper, proposed the component selection framework of Hexa-oval optimization algorithm for selecting the suitable components from the repository. It measures the interface density modules of coupling and cohesion in a modular software system. This cohesion measurement has been taken… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Block Cipher Algorithm Based on Magic Square for Secure E-bank Systems

    Farah Tawfiq Abdul Hussien*, Abdul Monem S. Rahma, Hala Bahjat Abdul Wahab

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.73, No.1, pp. 1329-1346, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.027582

    Abstract Nowadays the E-bank systems witnessed huge growth due to the huge developments in the internet and technologies. The transmitted information represents crucial information that is exposed to various kinds of attacks. This paper presents a new block cipher technique to provide security to the transmitted information between the customers and the e-bank systems. The proposed algorithm consists of 10 rounds, each round involves 5 operations. The operations involve Add round key, Sub bytes, Zigzag method, convert to vector, and Magic Square of order 11. The purpose of this algorithm is to make use of the complexity of the Magic Square… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) Based Computational Complexity Analysis of Multicarrier Waveforms

    C. Ajitha1,*, T. Jaya2

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.34, No.2, pp. 1033-1048, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.021984

    Abstract Multicarrier waveforms with enhanced spectral efficiency, low latency, and high throughput are required for 5G wireless networks. The Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) method is well-known in research, but due to its limited spectral efficiency, various alternative waveforms are being considered for 5G systems. In the recent communication world, NOMA (non-orthogonal multiple access) plays a significant part due to its wider transmission of data with less bandwidth allocation. Even if a high data rate can be attained, the transmission problem will arise due to the spread of multiple paths. In order to reduce complexity and area utilization, a novel PL-based… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Low Complexity Encoder with Multilabel Classification and Image Captioning Model

    Mahmoud Ragab1,2,3,*, Abdullah Addas4

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.3, pp. 4323-4337, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.026602

    Abstract Due to the advanced development in the multimedia-on-demand traffic in different forms of audio, video, and images, has extremely moved on the vision of the Internet of Things (IoT) from scalar to Internet of Multimedia Things (IoMT). Since Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) generates a massive quantity of the multimedia data, it becomes a part of IoMT, which are commonly employed in diverse application areas, especially for capturing remote sensing (RS) images. At the same time, the interpretation of the captured RS image also plays a crucial issue, which can be addressed by the multi-label classification and Computational Linguistics based image… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Sparse Optimization Approach for Beyond 5G mmWave Massive MIMO Networks

    Waleed Shahjehan1, Abid Ullah1, Syed Waqar Shah1, Imran Khan1, Nor Samsiah Sani2, Ki-Il Kim3,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.2, pp. 2797-2810, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.026185

    Abstract Millimeter-Wave (mmWave) Massive MIMO is one of the most effective technology for the fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks. It improves both the spectral and energy efficiency by utilizing the 30–300 GHz millimeter-wave bandwidth and a large number of antennas at the base station. However, increasing the number of antennas requires a large number of radio frequency (RF) chains which results in high power consumption. In order to reduce the RF chain's energy, cost and provide desirable quality-of-service (QoS) to the subscribers, this paper proposes an energy-efficient hybrid precoding algorithm for mmWave massive MIMO networks based on the idea of RF chains… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Two-Machine Hybrid Flow-Shop Problems in Shared Manufacturing

    Qi Wei*, Yong Wu

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.131, No.2, pp. 1125-1146, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2022.019754

    Abstract In the “shared manufacturing” environment, based on fairness, shared manufacturing platforms often require manufacturing service enterprises to arrange production according to the principle of “order first, finish first” which leads to a series of scheduling problems with fixed processing sequences. In this paper, two two-machine hybrid flow-shop problems with fixed processing sequences are studied. Each job has two tasks. The first task is flexible, which can be processed on either of the two machines, and the second task must be processed on the second machine after the first task is completed. We consider two objective functions: to minimize the makespan… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Classification COVID-19 Based on Enhancement X-Ray Images and Low Complexity Model

    Aymen Saad1, Israa S. Kamil2, Ahmed Alsayat3, Ahmed Elaraby4,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 561-576, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.023878

    Abstract COVID-19 has been considered one of the recent epidemics that occurred at the last of 2019 and the beginning of 2020 that world widespread. This spread of COVID-19 requires a fast technique for diagnosis to make the appropriate decision for the treatment. X-ray images are one of the most classifiable images that are used widely in diagnosing patients’ data depending on radiographs due to their structures and tissues that could be classified. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) is the most accurate classification technique used to diagnose COVID-19 because of the ability to use a different number of convolutional layers and its… More >

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