Siti Aekbal Salleh^1,2,*, Nafisah Khalid¹, Natasha Danny⁶, Nurul Ain Mohd. Zaki^2,3, Mustafa Ustuner⁴, Zulkiflee Abd Latif^1,2, Vladimir Foronda⁵

Revue Internationale de Géomatique, Vol.33, pp. 183-199, 2024, DOI:10.32604/rig.2024.050723

Abstract Due to the spectral and spatial properties of pervious and impervious surfaces, image classification and information extraction in detailed, small-scale mapping of urban surface materials is quite difficult and complex. Emerging methods and innovations in image classification have centred on object-based classification techniques and various segmentation techniques, which are fundamental to this approach. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to determine which classification method is most suitable for extracting linear features in terms of techniques and performance by comparing two classification methods, pixel-based approach and object-based approach, using WorldView-2 satellite imagery to specifically highlight… More > Graphic Abstract

Yuting Zhou¹, Xuemei Yang¹, Junping Yin^2,3,4,*, Shiqi Liu¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.3, pp. 5313-5333, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.052060

Abstract Gliomas have the highest mortality rate of all brain tumors. Correctly classifying the glioma risk period can help doctors make reasonable treatment plans and improve patients’ survival rates. This paper proposes a hierarchical multi-scale attention feature fusion medical image classification network (HMAC-Net), which effectively combines global features and local features. The network framework consists of three parallel layers: The global feature extraction layer, the local feature extraction layer, and the multi-scale feature fusion layer. A linear sparse attention mechanism is designed in the global feature extraction layer to reduce information redundancy. In the local feature… More >

Simona-Vasilica Oprea^*, Adela Bâra

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.3, pp. 3827-3853, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.051598

Abstract The potential of text analytics is revealed by Machine Learning (ML) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. In this paper, we propose an NLP framework that is applied to multiple datasets to detect malicious Uniform Resource Locators (URLs). Three categories of features, both ML and Deep Learning (DL) algorithms and a ranking schema are included in the proposed framework. We apply frequency and prediction-based embeddings, such as hash vectorizer, Term Frequency-Inverse Dense Frequency (TF-IDF) and predictors, word to vector-word2vec (continuous bag of words, skip-gram) from Google, to extract features from text. Further, we apply more… More >

Samia Allaoua Chelloug^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.3, pp. 4845-4861, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.051539

Abstract Intrusion detection is a predominant task that monitors and protects the network infrastructure. Therefore, many datasets have been published and investigated by researchers to analyze and understand the problem of intrusion prediction and detection. In particular, the Network Security Laboratory-Knowledge Discovery in Databases (NSL-KDD) is an extensively used benchmark dataset for evaluating intrusion detection systems (IDSs) as it incorporates various network traffic attacks. It is worth mentioning that a large number of studies have tackled the problem of intrusion detection using machine learning models, but the performance of these models often decreases when evaluated on… More >

Muhammad Sohail Irshad^1,2,*, Tehreem Masood^1,2, Arfan Jaffar^1,2, Muhammad Rashid³, Sheeraz Akram^1,2,4,*, Abeer Aljohani⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.3, pp. 4805-4824, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.050931

Abstract The application of deep learning techniques in the medical field, specifically for Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) detection through Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, has witnessed significant interest. Accurate and timely diagnosis increases the patient’s chances of recovery. However, issues like overfitting and inconsistent accuracy across datasets remain challenges. In a quest to address these challenges, a study presents two prominent deep learning architectures, ResNet-50 and DenseNet-121, to evaluate their effectiveness in AFib detection. The aim was to create a robust detection mechanism that consistently performs well. Metrics such as loss, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and Area Under the Curve… More >

Tao Zhou^1,3, Yujie Guo^1,3,*, Caiyue Peng^1,3, Yuxia Niu^1,3, Yunfeng Pan^1,3, Huiling Lu²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.3, pp. 4863-4882, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.050767

Abstract Computer-aided diagnosis of pneumonia based on deep learning is a research hotspot. However, there are some problems that the features of different sizes and different directions are not sufficient when extracting the features in lung X-ray images. A pneumonia classification model based on multi-scale directional feature enhancement MSD-Net is proposed in this paper. The main innovations are as follows: Firstly, the Multi-scale Residual Feature Extraction Module (MRFEM) is designed to effectively extract multi-scale features. The MRFEM uses dilated convolutions with different expansion rates to increase the receptive field and extract multi-scale features effectively. Secondly, the… More >

Yan Xiang^1,2, Xuedong Zhao^1,2, Junjun Guo^1,2,*, Zhiliang Shi³, Enbang Chen³, Xiaobo Zhang³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.3, pp. 4149-4167, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.050229

Abstract Chinese named entity recognition (CNER) has received widespread attention as an important task of Chinese information extraction. Most previous research has focused on individually studying flat CNER, overlapped CNER, or discontinuous CNER. However, a unified CNER is often needed in real-world scenarios. Recent studies have shown that grid tagging-based methods based on character-pair relationship classification hold great potential for achieving unified NER. Nevertheless, how to enrich Chinese character-pair grid representations and capture deeper dependencies between character pairs to improve entity recognition performance remains an unresolved challenge. In this study, we enhance the character-pair grid representation… More >

Iftikhar Naseer^1,2, Tehreem Masood^1,2, Sheeraz Akram^3,*, Zulfiqar Ali⁴, Awais Ahmad³, Shafiq Ur Rehman³, Arfan Jaffar^1,2

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.3, pp. 4963-4977, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.050204

Abstract Lung cancer is a leading cause of global mortality rates. Early detection of pulmonary tumors can significantly enhance the survival rate of patients. Recently, various Computer-Aided Diagnostic (CAD) methods have been developed to enhance the detection of pulmonary nodules with high accuracy. Nevertheless, the existing methodologies cannot obtain a high level of specificity and sensitivity. The present study introduces a novel model for Lung Cancer Segmentation and Classification (LCSC), which incorporates two improved architectures, namely the improved U-Net architecture and the improved AlexNet architecture. The LCSC model comprises two distinct stages. The first stage involves… More >

Mehrdad Shoeibi¹, Mohammad Mehdi Sharifi Nevisi², Reza Salehi³, Diego Martín^3,*, Zahra Halimi⁴, Sahba Baniasadi⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.3, pp. 3469-3493, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.049847

Abstract Hyperspectral (HS) image classification plays a crucial role in numerous areas including remote sensing (RS), agriculture, and the monitoring of the environment. Optimal band selection in HS images is crucial for improving the efficiency and accuracy of image classification. This process involves selecting the most informative spectral bands, which leads to a reduction in data volume. Focusing on these key bands also enhances the accuracy of classification algorithms, as redundant or irrelevant bands, which can introduce noise and lower model performance, are excluded. In this paper, we propose an approach for HS image classification using… More >

Amerah Alabrah^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.3, pp. 3897-3912, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.048528

Abstract The emergence of digital networks and the wide adoption of information on internet platforms have given rise to threats against users’ private information. Many intruders actively seek such private data either for sale or other inappropriate purposes. Similarly, national and international organizations have country-level and company-level private information that could be accessed by different network attacks. Therefore, the need for a Network Intruder Detection System (NIDS) becomes essential for protecting these networks and organizations. In the evolution of NIDS, Artificial Intelligence (AI) assisted tools and methods have been widely adopted to provide effective solutions. However,… More >