Zhiqiang Sun, Ranlong Duan, Han Zhang, Xuan Pang^*, Xianhong Wang, Xuesi Chen

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.3, No.2, pp. 82-90, 2015, DOI:10.7569/JRM.2014.634133

Abstract A series of bimetallic Salen aluminum (III) complexes with different steric substituents were synthesized. These complexes were used as catalysts to produce polylactide in the ring-opening polymerization of racemic lactide. A kinetic research of polymerization demonstrated that the steric substituents on the phenolate ring of the complexes had remarkable infl uence on the stereoselectivity and the polymerization activity. The highest stereoselectivity was obtained with bulky substituent on the ortho position of the salicylidene moieties. Kinetic studies using all these complexes indicated that the polymerizations were fi rst-ordered with respect to lactide monomers. All these complexes gave highly isotactic polylactides with… More >

Omojola Awogbemi^1,*, Daramy Vandi Von Kallon¹, Victor Sunday Aigbodion^2,3

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.8, pp. 2217-2246, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.019152

Abstract Chicken eggshell is one of the most common wastes generated from households, restaurants and other food processing outlets. Waste Chicken Eggshells (WCES) also constitutes an environmental nuisance and ends up discarded at dumping site with no consideration of further usage. The main constituent of WCES is calcium carbonate from which calcium or calcium oxide can be extracted for various applications. This current effort reviews recently published literature on the diverse applications of WCES. The considered utilization avenues include catalysts for biofuel production, construction industry, wastewater purification, industrial sector, food industry, medical, and agricultural applications. The specific areas of application apart… More > Graphic Abstract

Indra Mamad Gandidi^1,2,*, Edy Suryadi³, Efri Mardawati³, Dwi Rustam Kendarto³, Nugroho Agung Pambudi^4,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1169-1178, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.018821

Abstract Pyrolysis is one of the thermal cracking methods to convert hydrocarbon to liquid fuel. The quantity and quality of the process are dependent on several condition including temperature, reaction time, catalyst, and the type of reactor. Meanwhile, a gasoline fraction was maximum product to be considered in the pyrolisis process. Therefore, this study aims to increase the gasoline fraction in liquid fuel using stepwise pyrolysis with a long bed catalytic reactor downstream (LBCR). The LBCR downstream was equipped with the top and bottom outlet and the fed source was mixed municipal solid waste (MMSW). The activated natural dolomite at 500°C… More >

Chengcheng Wang^1,2,*, Dawei Luo¹, Bingxue Hou³, Mortaza Gholizadeh⁴, Zanxiong Tan¹, Xiaojie Han¹

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.5, pp. 1337-1348, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018770

Abstract It is critical to study efficient, stable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts due to insufficient stability and expensive price of Pt/C catalysts for Zn-air batteries. Fe–N–C electrocatalysts was synthesized by a facile solvent-green method and the efficiency of Fe–N–C optimized was studied as potential ORR electrocatalysts under alkaline condition. Results indicated that it had excellent ORR activity with E_1/2 of 0.93 V, which was competitive to that of Pt/C-JM under the same conditions. Moreover, the assembled Zn-air battery exhibited discharge potential and charge potential of 1.2 V, 2.32 V at 5 mA cm⁻² with high stability, respectively. Overall, all results illustrated… More > Graphic Abstract

Xiaohua Gu, Hongxiang Luo^*, Shiwei Lv, Peng Chen

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.7, pp. 1253-1266, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.014876

Abstract Dramatically increasing waste polyurethane rigid foam (WPRF) draws the attention of the world. A mixture of ethylene glycol (EG) and diethylene glycol (DEG) is used as glycolysis agents. WPRF was subjected to alcoholysis using different catalysts which are titanium ethylene glycol and potassium hydroxide to obtain recycled polyol, respectively. The effect of a different catalyst on the viscosity and hydroxyl value of recycled polyol is discussed. The regenerated polyurethane (RPU) is performed using the recycled polyol. Infrared spectrum, compressive strength, apparent density, water absorption, scanning electron microscope, and thermogravimetric analysis are carried out to investigate the effect of WPRF degradation… More >

Xianglong Lu¹, Tianshui Yu¹, Hailing Wang¹, Ruichun Luo², Pan Liu², Songliu Yuan¹, Lihua Qian^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.2, pp. 133-151, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.08650

Abstract Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in neutral medium suffers from slow kinetics as compared to that in alkaline or acidic conditions, owing to larger Ohmic loss and low proton concentration. Here we report that a self-supported nanoporous Au-SnO_x (NP Au-SnO_x) catalyst with gradient tin oxide surface could significantly enhance HER activity in neutral buffer solution (0.2 M PBS). The NP Au-SnO_x catalyst exhibits a low onset overpotential of 38 mV and a small Tafel slope of 79 mV dec⁻¹ . The current density of 10 mA cm⁻² is manifested at an overpotential as low as 148 mV, representing the comparable performance… More >

Xiongyi Liang*, Chi-Man Lawrence Wu

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.22, No.1, pp. 113-113, 2019, DOI:10.32604/icces.2019.05079

Abstract Ammonia (NH₃) plays an essential role in agriculture to meet global population explosion. Although the atmosphere consists of more than 78% of Nitrogen (N₂), industrial NH₃ synthesis from atmospheric N₂ gas requires harsh conditions of temperature (700~850 K) and pressure (50~200 atm), which annually consuming 2% of the world’s power. Recently, an electrocatalytic NH₃ fixation process under ambient condition was introduced. With this, six protons and electrons are gradually added (6H⁺ + 6e^- + N₂= 2NH₃), instead of breaking the triple bonds of N₂ in the traditional method, thus saving dramatic amount of energy. Along this theme, the synthesis of… More >

Yinghui Sun¹, Guojie Zhang^1,2,*

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.22, No.1, pp. 105-105, 2019, DOI:10.32604/icces.2019.05173

Abstract A series of Co-M (M = Ce, Fe, Zr) binary oxides supported on N-doped catalysts were prepared by impregnation methods and tested for DRM reaction. Moreover, the influence of Co and Ce atomic contents in the catalysts on DRM performance was investigated. Significant enhancement of activity performance over Ce promoted 3Co-1Ce/AC-N catalyst was observed. Compared with Fe and Zr, the catalyst with 1/4 mol% of Ce showed the highest activity and was higher than the supported Co catalyst. The calcined and spent catalysts were characterized by XPS, H₂-TPR, TEM and EDX mapping studies. The characterization results demonstrated that the improved… More >

Md. Anwar Hossain^1,2, Lee Hwei Voon^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.7, No.8, pp. 731-748, 2019, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2019.04703

Abstract Synthesizing polyol-based ester from biomass feedstocks for the preparation of biolubricant overcomes the dependence on petroleum oil usage. Albeit biomass-derived bio-oil is an alternative for the production of polyol ester, upgrading is essential prior to use as biolubricant. Levulinic acid (LA), obtained from bio-oil was applied for the catalytic esterification with two polyols, e.g., trimethylolpropane (TMP) and pentaerythritol (PE), in the presence of mixed-ligand Ni(II), Co(II), and Fe(II) complexes as catalyst. New mixed-ligand coordination complexes with empirical formula; [Ni(Phe)(Bpy)Cl].H2O, [Co(Phe)(Bpy)Cl].H2O, and [Fe(Phe)(Tyr)Cl].H2O were synthesized by the reaction of ligands [L-phenylalanine (Phe), 4,4'-bipyridine (Bpy), and L-tyrosine (Tyr)] with metal chloride salts… More >

Daniel Brenes-Granados¹, Jorge M. Cubero-Sesin^1,2, Felipe Orozco Gutiérrez³, Jose Vega-Baudrit³, Rodolfo Gonzalez-Paz^3*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.5, No.3-4, pp. 280-289, 2017, DOI:10.7569/JRM.2017.634118

Abstract In this work, rigid polyurethane foams were synthesized from renewable sources using different catalysts to study their effect on the mechanical, thermal, chemical and surface properties of the foams. A commercial foam pattern was used as the reference pattern to compare the aforementioned properties. Concentrations of the commercial catalysts were optimized to obtain foams with similar mechanical properties to the commercial foam. Morphological characterization of the foams was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to investigate the characteristic functional groups. Thermal characterization was performed by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric… More >