M. Tariq^1,2,*, R. Ahmed^1,2, S. A. Tahir¹, B. U. Haq³, F. K. Butt⁴, M. W. Majeed¹, A. Hussain¹

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.12, pp. 1067-1079, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.2212.1067 - 11 December 2025

Abstract The two-dimensional IV-monochalcogenides, such as lead sulfide (PbS), lead selenide (PbSe), and lead telluride (PbTe), represent a promising class of materials known for their remarkable optoelectronic properties. The calculated binding energies for the puckered phase were –4.25 eV for PbS, –4.20 eV for PbSe, and –3.02 eV for PbTe, indicating strong stability in PbS and PbSe compared to PbTe. The electronic analysis showed that PbS exhibited a band gap of 1.01 eV, while PbSe had a slightly lower band gap of 0.70 eV. Under applied pressure, both materials demonstrated an increase in band gap, rising More >

S. Çelik^a,*, M. Temiz^b

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.1, pp. 89-96, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.221.89

Abstract In this study, PbZnS thin films with varying concentrations of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) were successfully produced using the spray pyrolysis method. The structural, optical and surface properties of the films were systematically investigated as a function of the Pb/Zn ratio. Xray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the polycrystalline nature of the films, showing a cubic zinc blende structure with improved crystallinity as Pb content increased. Initially, with the increase in Pb concentration, larger crystallite sizes and decreased microstress were observed, but with the increase of Pb addition, the formation of secondary phases and the… More >

R. I. Jasim^a, E. H. Hadi^a, A. A. Mansour^b, S. A. Hussein^c, S. S. Chiad^a,*, N. F. Habubi^d, Y. H. Kadhim^e, M. Jadan^f,g

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.1, pp. 43-55, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.221.43

Abstract Using chemical bath deposition (CBD) methods and various molarities, nanostructured CdS thin films were developed. XRD assured that these films were cubic polycrystalline, containing larger grains as the solution's concentration of cadmium ions increased. Dislocation density values dropped from 79.32 to 62.90 as a result, nevertheless. Also, the strain is lowered from 30.88 to 27.50. AFM results demonstrate that these films suffer a decrease in the value of average particle size, root mean square, and roughness with the molarity concentration. SEM images show CdS thin films at various molarities (0.10, 0.15, 0.20) M, indicating reduced More >

G. R. Štrbac^a,*, O. Bošák^b, D. Štrbac^c, R. Vigi^a, M. Kubliha^b, S. Minárik^b

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.5, pp. 481-491, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.225.481

Abstract The temperature dependence of direct current (DC) conductivity, silver content, and the presence of crystalline phases in amorphous and annealed chalcogenides from the Ag_x(As₂(Te_0.5Se_0.5)₃)_100-x system was investigated. Amorphous samples exhibited semiconducting behavior, with conductivity increase as the silver content raised. This increase was primarily attributed to electron transitions into delocalized states from states localized near the Fermi level. Percolation behavior in conductivity was observed in the samples containing 7 at.% or more silver. For annealed samples with silver content below 9 at.%, temperature-independent DC conductivity was identified, accompanied by a decrease in conductivity as the silver More >

Yibin Mao¹, Dianlong Yu^2,*

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 1-1, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.012290

Abstract In modern engineering, situations that require vibration reduction often come with specific pressure requirements. Mechanical metamaterials have the advantages in mechanical loading and low-frequency band gap vibration reduction. To ensure that the structure has a wide and low-frequency band gap while having a pressure resistance, a two-dimensional triangular concave negative Poisson's ratio structure with strong pressure resistance is introduced. The internal structure is designed according to the principle of local resonance. The band structure and intrinsic modes of the two-dimensional triangular concave model are calculated by the finite element method through simulation software. The band… More >

Yury V. Knyazev, Semyon T. Baidak, Yury I. Kuz’min, Alexey V. Lukoyanov^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.83, No.3, pp. 4085-4095, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.065091 - 19 May 2025

Abstract The work presents the electronic structure computations and optical spectroscopy studies of half-Heusler ScNiBi and YNiBi compounds. Our first-principles computations of the electronic structures were based on density functional theory accounting for spin-orbit coupling. These compounds are computed to be semiconductors. The calculated gap values make ScNiBi and YNiBi valid for thermoelectric and optoelectronic applications and as selective filters. In ScNiBi and YNiBi, an intense peak at the energy of −2 eV is composed of the Ni 3d states in the conduction band, and the valence band mostly contains these states with some contributions from the… More >

A. Mustafa^*, S. Turki Al-Rashid

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.21, No.5, pp. 407-411, 2024, DOI:10.15251/CL.2024.215.407

Abstract Applying the cohesive energy model, this research theoretically studies how the size of nanoparticles affects their optical characteristics. The findings demonstrate that optical characteristics are size-dependent for nanoparticles, with an exponentially growing energy gap for nanoparticles on a scale of less than 4 nm. As the size of nanoparticles is reduced, the absorption wavelength also decreases. Compounds undergo a transition to a higher energy spectral area (blue shift) when their wavelength decreases; this change can make these compounds effective in certain optical nanodevices. More >

S. H. Farhan^*, B. M. Al Dabbagh, H. Aboud

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.21, No.6, pp. 459-473, 2024, DOI:10.15251/CL.2024.216.459

Abstract Glass samples with varying compositions was prepared by standard approach. The composition of the samples was (50-x) B₂O₃–25TeO₂–25BaO-xDy₂O₃, with x ranging from 0 to 1.25 mol%. XRD profiles confirmed that the samples were amorphous, as there were no long-range lattice arrangements observed. The successful preparation of amorphous samples was further confirmed by the absence of sharp lines & peaks. The optical properties of the obtained samples were analyzed. That a decrease in E_opt values resulted in a higher value of the refractive index (n) for the glasses. However, when the concentration of Dy₂O₃ exceeded certain levels (0.75,… More >

K. Sudha^a, B. Shenbagabalakrishnan^b, T. Chitravel^a,*, T. P. Kumar^b,+

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.21, No.10, pp. 809-818, 2024, DOI:10.15251/CL.2024.2110.809

Abstract Copper Zinc Cadmium Sulfide (Cu₂ZnCdS₄) semiconducting material compound synthesized using a new economic beneficial route. Copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, cadmium sulfate and thiourea salt solutions were utilized for Cu₂ZnCdS₄ compound formation. Basic characteristics like pH value, electrical conductivity, concentration measurements were investigated for several hundred samples. Optics transmittance was investigated by UV – Vis spectrophotometer within the 350 to 950 nm range. Photo luminescence measurement was examined by using photo–fluorometer. Optic properties of Cu₂ZnCdS₄ compound were investigated through photo-calorimeter measurements including mixed wavelength bands. The real time investigated noteworthy results from several hundred samples are presented and More >

M. Temiz^a,*, S. Çelik^b

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.21, No.11, pp. 867-872, 2024, DOI:10.15251/CL.2024.2111.867

Abstract Ternary thin films have garnered significant attention due to their adjustable band gap characteristics, making them suitable for many applications. In this research, we examined the structural and optical characteristics of PbZnS thin films fabricated onto glass substrates employing the spray pyrolysis techniuqe. The films were fabricated at different temperatures ranging from 300 to 400°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that all films displayed a cubic structure with a preferred orientation along the (200) plane. From the analysis of XRD peaks, it was observed that the crystal structure initially improved with increasing temperature but then More >