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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Audio-Text Multimodal Speech Recognition via Dual-Tower Architecture for Mandarin Air Traffic Control Communications

    Shuting Ge1,2, Jin Ren2,3,*, Yihua Shi4, Yujun Zhang1, Shunzhi Yang2, Jinfeng Yang2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.3, pp. 3215-3245, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.046746

    Abstract In air traffic control communications (ATCC), misunderstandings between pilots and controllers could result in fatal aviation accidents. Fortunately, advanced automatic speech recognition technology has emerged as a promising means of preventing miscommunications and enhancing aviation safety. However, most existing speech recognition methods merely incorporate external language models on the decoder side, leading to insufficient semantic alignment between speech and text modalities during the encoding phase. Furthermore, it is challenging to model acoustic context dependencies over long distances due to the longer speech sequences than text, especially for the extended ATCC data. To address these issues, we propose a speech-text multimodal… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Deep Learning-Based Mask Identification System Using ResNet Transfer Learning Architecture

    Arpit Jain1, Nageswara Rao Moparthi1, A. Swathi2, Yogesh Kumar Sharma1, Nitin Mittal3, Ahmed Alhussen4, Zamil S. Alzamil5,*, MohdAnul Haq5

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.48, No.2, pp. 341-362, 2024, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.036973

    Abstract Recently, the coronavirus disease 2019 has shown excellent attention in the global community regarding health and the economy. World Health Organization (WHO) and many others advised controlling Corona Virus Disease in 2019. The limited treatment resources, medical resources, and unawareness of immunity is an essential horizon to unfold. Among all resources, wearing a mask is the primary non-pharmaceutical intervention to stop the spreading of the virus caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) droplets. All countries made masks mandatory to prevent infection. For such enforcement, automatic and effective face detection systems are crucial. This study presents a face… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Enhanced Differentiable Architecture Search Based on Asymptotic Regularization

    Cong Jin1, Jinjie Huang1,2,*, Yuanjian Chen1, Yuqing Gong1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.2, pp. 1547-1568, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.047489

    Abstract In differentiable search architecture search methods, a more efficient search space design can significantly improve the performance of the searched architecture, thus requiring people to carefully define the search space with different complexity according to various operations. Meanwhile rationalizing the search strategies to explore the well-defined search space will further improve the speed and efficiency of architecture search. With this in mind, we propose a faster and more efficient differentiable architecture search method, AllegroNAS. Firstly, we introduce a more efficient search space enriched by the introduction of two redefined convolution modules. Secondly, we utilize a more efficient architectural parameter regularization… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Post-Quantum Cross-Domain Authentication Scheme Based on Multi-Chain Architecture

    Yi-Bo Cao1,*, Xiu-Bo Chen1, Yun-Feng He2, Lu-Xi Liu2, Yin-Mei Che2, Xiao Wang2, Ke Xiao3, Gang Xu3, Si-Yi Chen1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.2, pp. 2813-2827, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.046816

    Abstract Due to the rapid advancements in network technology, blockchain is being employed for distributed data storage. In the Internet of Things (IoT) scenario, different participants manage multiple blockchains located in different trust domains, which has resulted in the extensive development of cross-domain authentication techniques. However, the emergence of many attackers equipped with quantum computers has the potential to launch quantum computing attacks against cross-domain authentication schemes based on traditional cryptography, posing a significant security threat. In response to the aforementioned challenges, our paper demonstrates a post-quantum cross-domain identity authentication scheme to negotiate the session key used in the cross-chain asset… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Machine Learning Security Defense Algorithms Based on Metadata Correlation Features

    Ruchun Jia, Jianwei Zhang*, Yi Lin

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.2, pp. 2391-2418, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.044149

    Abstract With the popularization of the Internet and the development of technology, cyber threats are increasing day by day. Threats such as malware, hacking, and data breaches have had a serious impact on cybersecurity. The network security environment in the era of big data presents the characteristics of large amounts of data, high diversity, and high real-time requirements. Traditional security defense methods and tools have been unable to cope with the complex and changing network security threats. This paper proposes a machine-learning security defense algorithm based on metadata association features. Emphasize control over unauthorized users through privacy, integrity, and availability. The… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Deep Neural Network Architecture Search via Decomposition-Based Multi-Objective Stochastic Fractal Search

    Hongshang Xu1, Bei Dong1,2,*, Xiaochang Liu1, Xiaojun Wu1,2

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.38, No.2, pp. 185-202, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.041177

    Abstract Deep neural networks often outperform classical machine learning algorithms in solving real-world problems. However, designing better networks usually requires domain expertise and consumes significant time and computing resources. Moreover, when the task changes, the original network architecture becomes outdated and requires redesigning. Thus, Neural Architecture Search (NAS) has gained attention as an effective approach to automatically generate optimal network architectures. Most NAS methods mainly focus on achieving high performance while ignoring architectural complexity. A myriad of research has revealed that network performance and structural complexity are often positively correlated. Nevertheless, complex network structures will bring enormous computing resources. To cope… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Composite Transformer-Based Multi-Stage Defect Detection Architecture for Sewer Pipes

    Zifeng Yu1, Xianfeng Li1,*, Lianpeng Sun2, Jinjun Zhu2, Jianxin Lin3

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.1, pp. 435-451, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.046685

    Abstract Urban sewer pipes are a vital infrastructure in modern cities, and their defects must be detected in time to prevent potential malfunctioning. In recent years, to relieve the manual efforts by human experts, models based on deep learning have been introduced to automatically identify potential defects. However, these models are insufficient in terms of dataset complexity, model versatility and performance. Our work addresses these issues with a multi-stage defect detection architecture using a composite backbone Swin Transformer. The model based on this architecture is trained using a more comprehensive dataset containing more classes of defects. By ablation studies on the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Novel High-Efficiency Transaction Verification Scheme for Blockchain Systems

    Jingyu Zhang1,2, Pian Zhou1, Jin Wang1, Osama Alfarraj3, Saurabh Singh4, Min Zhu5,*

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.2, pp. 1613-1633, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.044418

    Abstract Blockchain can realize the reliable storage of a large amount of data that is chronologically related and verifiable within the system. This technology has been widely used and has developed rapidly in big data systems across various fields. An increasing number of users are participating in application systems that use blockchain as their underlying architecture. As the number of transactions and the capital involved in blockchain grow, ensuring information security becomes imperative. Addressing the verification of transactional information security and privacy has emerged as a critical challenge. Blockchain-based verification methods can effectively eliminate the need for centralized third-party organizations. However,… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Soundscapes in Arab Cities: A Systematic Review and Research Agenda

    Tallal Abdel Karim Bouzir1,*, Djihed Berkouk2,3, Theodore S. Eisenman4, Dietrich Schwela5, Nader Azab2, Mohammed M. Gomma2,6, Samiha Boucherit7

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.58, pp. 1-24, 2024, DOI:10.32604/sv.2024.046723

    Abstract In the context of Arab cities, this study explores the intricate interplay between cultural, historical, and environmental elements that shape their unique soundscapes. The paper aims to shed light on this underrepresented field of study by employing a three-fold research approach: systematic review, a comprehensive literature review, and the formulation of a future research agenda. The first part of the investigation focuses on research productivity in the Arab world regarding soundscape studies. An analysis of publication trends reveals that soundscape research in Arab cities is still an emerging area of interest. Critical gaps in the existing body of literature are… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Evolutionary Neural Architecture Search and Its Applications in Healthcare

    Xin Liu1, Jie Li1,*, Jianwei Zhao2, Bin Cao2,*, Rongge Yan3, Zhihan Lyu4

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.1, pp. 143-185, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.030391

    Abstract Most of the neural network architectures are based on human experience, which requires a long and tedious trial-and-error process. Neural architecture search (NAS) attempts to detect effective architectures without human intervention. Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) for NAS can find better solutions than human-designed architectures by exploring a large search space for possible architectures. Using multiobjective EAs for NAS, optimal neural architectures that meet various performance criteria can be explored and discovered efficiently. Furthermore, hardware-accelerated NAS methods can improve the efficiency of the NAS. While existing reviews have mainly focused on different strategies to complete NAS, a few studies have explored the… More > Graphic Abstract

    Evolutionary Neural Architecture Search and Its Applications in Healthcare

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