R. Thomas Collins II1,2, Margaret G. Collins3, Michael L. Schmitz2,4, Justin T. Hamrick4
Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.12, No.2, pp. 133-142, 2017, DOI:10.1111/chd.12447
Abstract Williams syndrome (WS) is a congenital, multisystem disorder affecting the cardiovascular, connective tissue, and central nervous systems in 1 in 10 000 live births. Cardiovascular involvement is
the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with WS, and noninvasive and invasive procedures are common. Sudden cardiovascular collapse in patients with WS is a well-known
phenomenon, especially in the peri-procedural period. Detailed guidelines for peri-procedural management of patients with WS are limited. The goal of this review is to provide thoughtful, safe and
effective management strategies for the peri-procedural care of patients with WS More >
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