Ali Ahmad¹, Roslan Hasni^2,*, Nahid Akhter³, Kashif Elahi⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 2895-2904, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.015644 - 27 September 2021

Abstract Chemical compounds are modeled as graphs. The atoms of molecules represent the graph vertices while chemical bonds between the atoms express the edges. The topological indices representing the molecular graph corresponds to the different chemical properties of compounds. Let be are two positive integers, and be the zero-divisor graph of the commutative ring . In this article some direct questions have been answered that can be utilized latterly in different applications. This study starts with simple computations, leading to a quite complex ring theoretic problems to prove certain properties. The theory of finite commutative rings More >

Azeem Haider^1,*, Ali N.A. Koam¹, Ali Ahmad²

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.30, No.3, pp. 787-794, 2021, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2021.019391 - 20 August 2021

Abstract Graph labeling is useful in networks because each transmitter has a different transmission capacity to send or receive wired or wireless links. An interference of signals can occur when transmitters that are close together receive close frequencies. This problem has been modeled mathematically in the radio labeling problem on graphs, where vertices represent transmitters and edges indicate closeness of the transmitters. For this purpose, each vertex is labeled with a unique positive integer, and to minimize the interference, the difference between maximum and minimum used labels has to be minimized. A radio labeling for a… More >