Sandra Kałużna^1,*, Monika Świerczewska^1,2, Sylwia Ciesiółka¹, Małgorzata Partyka¹, Michał Nowicki¹, Karolina Wojtowicz¹

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.070356 - 30 December 2025

Abstract The last research focuses on the role of exosomes in cancer treatment. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles. They can be secreted by cancer cells, and they can modulate chemotherapy sensitivity. Determining exosomal content opens the possibility for guiding treatment strategies for cancer diseases. Exosomal microRNA are considered one of the prime candidates for exosomal biomarkers. Exosomal circular RNAs represent excellent biomarkers for liquid biopsy because of their stability in many types of cancer. Exosomal proteins remain reliable biomarkers also. Exosomes have emerged as promising therapeutic candidates. Their biological properties render them ideal vectors for drug delivery.… More >

Raffaele Carrano^1,#, Carlotta Zucca^1,#, Nicla Cristina¹, Martina Grande¹, Eleonora Leti Maggio¹, Riccardo Bei², Antonio Infante², Chiara Focaccetti¹, Valeria Lucarini³, Loredana Cifaldi¹, Laura Masuelli⁴, Luciano Mutti⁵, Camilla Palumbo¹, Monica Benvenuto¹, Roberto Bei^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.9, pp. 2181-2204, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.066708 - 28 August 2025

Abstract Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Despite recent advances, conventional treatment approaches remain largely ineffective due to late diagnosis, chemoresistance and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This review reports the latest studies on combination therapies for mesothelioma, focusing on the potential of integrating chemotherapeutic agents, molecularly targeted agents, vaccines and natural bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. Clinical and preclinical studies demonstrate that integrating immune-modulating drugs or molecular inhibitors with chemotherapy can improve survival and reduce tumor progression in mesothelioma models and patients. Vaccine-based strategies show potential for inducing More > Graphic Abstract

Young Mae Ko, Tae Hyon Kim^*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.7, pp. 1141-1168, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.065464 - 25 July 2025

Abstract Ginsenosides, the bioactive saponins primary found in Panax ginseng, possess a complex structure that underlies their diverse pharmacological properties. Ginsenoside Rg3 stands out for its broad therapeutic potential, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and cardiovascular effects. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of Rg3, emphasizing its roles in regulating apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic pathways relevant to skincare and anticancer applications. The unique biological activities of its isomeric forms, 20(S)-Rg3 and 20(R)-Rg3, are highlighted, alongside strategies to enhance its bioavailability, such as nanoencapsulation and prodrug design. Additionally, the synergistic effects More >

Filomena Emanuela Laddaga¹, Pamela Pinto², Bruna Daraia², Antonio D’amato^3,4, Stella D’oronzo^3,5, Stefano Martinotti^3,6,*, Francesco Gaudio^2,3,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.7, pp. 1185-1206, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.063572 - 25 July 2025

Abstract Checkpoint inhibitors, particularly programmed cell death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors, have significantly advanced the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), especially in relapsed or refractory cases. However, challenges such as resistance, immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and the need for effective patient selection remain. This review aims to explore the mechanisms of resistance to checkpoint inhibitors, including alterations in the tumor microenvironment, loss of antigen presentation, and T-cell exhaustion. Overcoming resistance may involve combination therapies, such as pairing PD-1 inhibitors with other immune checkpoint inhibitors or targeted therapies like Brentuximab vedotin. Additionally, next-generation inhibitors targeting molecules like More >

Madeline Keane¹, Natalia Wojciechowska², Lindsay Zumwalt^1,*, Emilie Sandfeld³, Alejandra Dominguez¹, Jason Wang², Anish Ray²

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.8, pp. 1895-1908, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.065547 - 18 July 2025

Abstract Background: Precision medicine is an emerging approach for treating pediatric cancer due to its ability to target tumor-specific genetic drivers rather than provide broad and aggressive treatments. The study aimed to outline the establishment and impact of a Precision Medicine Clinic (PMC) in the setting of pediatric oncology, with the objective of offering targeted treatment options within the institution and creating a scalable model for adoption by other healthcare systems to achieve a wider impact. Methods: Recognizing this need for an individualized approach to treating patients, Cook Children’s Medical Center (CCMC) established a multidisciplinary molecular… More >

YUZHENG LI^1,2, LILI YU¹, SHIYAO ZHOU¹, HUA ZHOU^2,3,*, QIBIAO WU^1,2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.6, pp. 1363-1376, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.059311 - 29 May 2025

Abstract Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) involves complex alterations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. This study aims to integrate multimodal omics analyses to evaluate and enhance EGFR-targeted therapies. Methods: We reviewed and synthesized omics data—including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenomics, and metabolomics data—related to the EGFR pathway in NSCLC, examined the clinical outcomes of current therapies and proposed new treatment strategies. Results: Integrated omics analyses revealed the multifaceted role of EGFR in NSCLC. Transcriptomic analysis revealed gene expression alterations due to EGFR mutations, with upregulation of oncogenes and downregulation of tumor suppressors. Proteomics More >

GIOVANA GOMES CHAGAS¹, RUAN PIMENTA², NAYARA IZABEL VIANA^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.6, pp. 1283-1288, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.055100 - 29 May 2025

Abstract The monoclonal antibodies consist of an innovative form of immunotherapy, capable of defeating several diseases, such as cancer. It is an emergent and important theme, that advances evaluation, challenges, and future perspectives with high relevance to identify gaps in recent studies and to consolidate this general theme in only one research. Its action in Chronic and Acute Lymphoid Leukemia has been evaluated in several clinical trials, which were selected between 2022 and 2023, in order to understand better the monoclonal antibodies that were most studied. The biopharmaceutical compounds Ibrutinib, Obinutuzumab, Rituximab, Venetoclax, and Inotuzumab Ozogamicin… More >

Antonio Romero-Moreno^1,2, Lorenzo Rodríguez-Riesco^1,2, Isaac Lavi¹, Serafín Cruces-Montes^1,2,*

International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, Vol.27, No.2, pp. 125-136, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ijmhp.2025.059526 - 03 March 2025

Abstract Background: Research on therapeutic processes has explored the elements that enhance psychotherapy’s effectiveness, particularly the role of common factors across various models. The therapist’s use of directiveness and support, as common variables, is crucial for effective treatment. Effective therapists adapt their level of directiveness and support according to the treatment phase, the issue being addressed, and the patient’s characteristics. This study examines the importance therapists attribute to directiveness and support, as well as its relationship with theoretical orientation, access to research publications, and stance on the similar effectiveness of different psychotherapeutic models. It aims to… More >

MERYEM A. ABDESSALEM, SIRIN A. ADHAM^*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.1, pp. 27-44, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.056955 - 20 December 2024

Abstract Nanotechnology in cancer therapy has significantly advanced treatment precision, effectiveness, and safety, improving patient outcomes and personalized care. Engineered smart nanoparticles and cell-based therapies are designed to target tumor cells, precisely sensing the tumor microenvironment (TME) and sparing normal cells. These nanoparticles enhance drug accumulation in tumors by solubilizing insoluble compounds or preventing their degradation, and they can also overcome therapy resistance and deliver multiple drugs simultaneously. Despite these benefits, challenges remain in patient-specific responses and regulatory approvals for cell-based or nanoparticle therapies. Cell-based drug delivery systems (DDSs) that primarily utilize the immune-recognition principle between… More > Graphic Abstract

ARMAND N. YAZDANI¹, MICHAELA PLETSCH¹, ABRAHAM CHORBAJIAN¹, DAVID ZITSER¹, VIKRANT RAI^1,2,*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.12, pp. 1683-1702, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.056252 - 30 December 2024

Abstract Mixed cholangiocarcinoma is a rare and aggressive neoplastic proliferation of biliary tract epithelial cells, accounting for up to 20% of primary liver cancers. It is the second most common primary liver malignancy with a 5-year survivability of less than 10% at diagnosis and is associated with various inflammatory diseases. Current management involves systemic chemotherapy, targeted radiation, and surgical resection, but long-term survival remains low, especially for surgically unresectable cases. Novel discoveries and understandings of the tumor microenvironment reveal new opportunities for targeted therapies for cholangiocarcinoma. Specifically, new pharmaceuticals including cell-based vaccines, tumor-associated neutrophils, and hepatic… More >