Shujie Yin¹, Zong Li¹, Wen-Bin Ou^1,2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.069049 - 30 December 2025

Abstract Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, excessive lipid peroxidation-driven form of regulated cell death. The core mechanisms of ferroptosis include lipid peroxidation cascade, System X_c⁻-glutathioneglutathione peroxidase 4 axis, iron and lipid metabolism chaos, the NAD(P)Hferroptosis suppressor protein 1—ubiquinone axis, and GTP cyclohydrolase 1 tetrahydrobiopterin-dihydrofolate reductase axis. Cuproptosis is triggered by copper ions and involves ferredoxin 1-mediated aggregation of lipoylated proteins, differing fundamentally from ferroptosis. Both ferroptosis and cuproptosis exhibit dual roles (promote or inhibit) in cancers. And the sensitivity of different cancer types to ferroptosis varies, which may depend on special metabolic signatures (e.g., E-cadherin loss causes epithelial–mesenchymal More > Graphic Abstract

Ashok Kumar Sah^1,*, Ranjay Kumar Choudhary^1,2, Velilyaeva Alie Sabrievna³, Karomatov Inomdzhon Dzhuraevich⁴, Anass M. Abbas⁵, Manar G. Shalabi⁵, Nadeem Ahmad Siddique⁶, Raji Rubayyi Alshammari⁷, Navjyot Trivedi⁸, Rabab H. Elshaikh¹

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.068238 - 30 December 2025

Abstract Male breast cancer (MBC) is rare, representing 0.5%–1% of all breast cancers, but its incidence is increasing due to improved diagnostics and awareness. MBC typically presents in older men, is human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative and estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, and lacks routine screening, leading to delayed diagnosis and advanced disease. Major risk factors include hormonal imbalance, radiation exposure, obesity, alcohol use, and Breast Cancer Gene 1 and 2 (BRCA1/2) mutations. Clinically, it may resemble gynecomastia but usually appears as a unilateral, painless mass or nipple discharge. Advances in imaging and liquid biopsy have More >

Matthew Rubinstein^1,*, Madeline Lauren Hong¹, Rishi Kumar Nanda¹, Daniel Thomas Jones¹, Hazem Aboaid², Yin Mon Myat³, Kyaw Zin Thein⁴

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.11, pp. 3161-3183, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.067791 - 22 October 2025

Abstract The ever-expanding development of tissue-agnostic therapies which target malignancies based on specific mutations rather than tissue origin have transformed the landscape of oncology. The purpose of this review is to explore the impact, safety, and challenges of tissue-agnostic therapies including pembrolizumab, dostarlimab, larotrectinib, entrectinib, repotrectinib, dabrafenib plus trametinib, selpercatinib, and trastuzumab deruxtecan. As the therapeutic arsenal continues to grow, it is crucial to understand how these therapies truly benefit patients and to address the barriers that stand in the way of making them more widely available. Although these therapies have shown effectiveness across multiple cancer More >

HAFIZ MUHAMMAD REHMAN^1,2,*, SIDRA AHMAD², AZEEM SARWAR¹, HAMID BASHIR^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.7, pp. 1547-1570, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.062197 - 26 June 2025

Abstract Targeted cancer therapy has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional chemotherapy, which is often plagued by poor selectivity, off-target effects, and drug resistance. Among the various targeting agents in development, peptides stand out for their unique advantages, including minimal immunogenicity, high tissue penetration, and ease of modification. Their small size, specificity, and flexibility allow them to target cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy tissue selectively. Peptide-based therapies have shown great potential in enhancing the efficacy of drug delivery, improving tumor imaging, and reducing adverse effects. With cancer responsible for millions of deaths worldwide,… More >

TAYYABA SATTAR¹, IQRA NAZIR¹, MEHREEN JABBAR¹, JAVARIA MALIK¹, SABA AFZAL¹, SANA HANIF², SEYED ALI MOSADDAD³, AHMED HUSSAIN^4,*, HAMID TEBYANIYAN^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.5, pp. 1019-1032, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.060601 - 18 April 2025

Abstract Background: Head and neck cancers (HNC) account for a significant global health burden, with increasing incidence rates and complex treatment requirements. Traditional diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, while effective, often result in substantial morbidity and limitations in personalized care. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest innovations in diagnostics and therapeutic strategies for HNC from 2015 to 2024. Methods: A review of literature focused on pe-reviewed journals, clinical trial databases, and oncology conference proceedings. Key areas include molecular diagnostics, imaging technologies, minimally invasive surgeries, and innovative therapeutic strategies. Results: Technologies like liquid biopsy next-generation sequencing… More >

GARIMA SINGH^#, SONIKA KUMARI SHARMA^#, NEELU MISHRA, AASTHA SONI, MANSHI KUMARI, SAMARENDRA KUMAR SINGH^*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.12, pp. 1639-1666, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.056503 - 30 December 2024

Abstract Dysregulation of the cell cycle is a molecular hallmark of cancer, which leads to uncontrolled proliferation and self-renewal of neoplastic cells. To maintain this phenotype, cells acquire multiple molecular alterations and bypass several cellular checkpoints that are involved in the prevention of genomic instability and uncontrolled cell proliferation. Therefore, targeting cell cycle regulators could prove to be a promising anti-cancer approach. Recent advancements in the understanding of cancer cell susceptibilities have revealed a therapeutic opportunity to selectively target the cell cycle in malignant cells. This review highlights major cell cycle dysregulation in cancerous cells and More > Graphic Abstract

KURT SARTORIUS^1,2,3,*, BENN SARTORIUS⁴, CHERIE WINKLER⁵, ANIL CHUTURGOON², ANNA KRAMVIS¹, PING AN⁵, WEIGANG ZHANG⁶, YUNJIE LU^3,6,7,*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.11, pp. 1543-1567, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.055505 - 07 November 2024

Abstract Hepatitis B-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) remains an intractable high-mortality solid tumor cancer that accounted for 42% of global HCC cases in 2019. Despite some developments in systemic therapy, only a small subset of late-stage HCC patients responds positively to recently developed therapeutic innovations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as an ancillary epigenetic system that can regulate genome expression in all cancer pathways including HCC. The molecular mechanisms of miRNA regulation in cancer pathogenesis offered researchers a new approach that was widely hoped would translate into miRNA-based drugs and diagnostics. Thirty years on, miRNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic agents… More >

POOJA YADAV, NAR SINGH CHAUHAN^*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.8, pp. 1127-1143, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.051318 - 02 August 2024

Abstract A diverse array of microbes in and on the human body constitute the microbiota. These micro-residents continuously interact with the human host through the language of metabolites to dictate the host’s physiology in health and illnesses. Any biotic and abiotic component ensuring a balanced host-microbiota interaction are potential microbiome therapeutic agents to overcome human diseases. Plant metabolites are continually being used to treat various illnesses. These metabolites target the host’s metabolic machinery and host-gut microbiota interactions to overcome human diseases. Despite the paramount therapeutic significance of the factors affecting host-microbiota interactions, a comprehensive overview of More > Graphic Abstract

HUAN GAO^1,2, JIE ZHANG¹, TONY G. KLEIJN^1,3,4, ZHAOYONG WU⁵, BING LIU^1,6, YUJIN MA⁶, BAOYUE DING^1,*, DONGFENG YIN^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.4, pp. 769-784, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.044276 - 20 March 2024

Abstract Bone metastasis secondary to breast cancer negatively impacts patient quality of life and survival. The treatment of bone metastases is challenging since many anticancer drugs are not effectively delivered to the bone to exert a therapeutic effect. To improve the treatment efficacy, we developed Pluronic P123 (P123)-based polymeric micelles dually decorated with alendronate (ALN) and cancer-specific phage protein DMPGTVLP (DP-8) for targeted drug delivery to breast cancer bone metastases. Doxorubicin (DOX) was selected as the anticancer drug and was encapsulated into the hydrophobic core of the micelles with a high drug loading capacity (3.44%). The… More > Graphic Abstract

VIGNESH BALAJI E¹, DIVYA RAMESH², MANISHA CHUNGAN SHAJU³, AKSHARA KUMAR⁴, SAMYAK PANDEY¹, RAKSHA NAYAK¹, V. ALKA⁵, SRISHTI MUNJAL⁶, AMIR SALIMI⁷, K. SREEDHARA RANGANATH PAI^1,*, SHANKAR M. BAKKANNAVAR²

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.1, pp. 73-94, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.030401 - 15 November 2023

Abstract Exosomes, small tiny vesicle contains a large number of intracellular particles that employ to cause various diseases and prevent several pathological events as well in the human body. It is considered a “double-edged sword”, and depending on its biological source, the action of exosomes varies under physiological conditions. Also, the isolation and characterization of the exosomes should be performed accurately and the methodology also will vary depending on the exosome source. Moreover, the uptake of exosomes from the recipients’ cells is a vital and initial step for all the physiological actions. There are different mechanisms More > Graphic Abstract