Raffaele Carrano^1,#, Carlotta Zucca^1,#, Nicla Cristina¹, Martina Grande¹, Eleonora Leti Maggio¹, Riccardo Bei², Antonio Infante², Chiara Focaccetti¹, Valeria Lucarini³, Loredana Cifaldi¹, Laura Masuelli⁴, Luciano Mutti⁵, Camilla Palumbo¹, Monica Benvenuto¹, Roberto Bei^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.9, pp. 2181-2204, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.066708 - 28 August 2025

Abstract Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Despite recent advances, conventional treatment approaches remain largely ineffective due to late diagnosis, chemoresistance and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This review reports the latest studies on combination therapies for mesothelioma, focusing on the potential of integrating chemotherapeutic agents, molecularly targeted agents, vaccines and natural bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. Clinical and preclinical studies demonstrate that integrating immune-modulating drugs or molecular inhibitors with chemotherapy can improve survival and reduce tumor progression in mesothelioma models and patients. Vaccine-based strategies show potential for inducing More > Graphic Abstract

Madeline Keane¹, Natalia Wojciechowska², Lindsay Zumwalt^1,*, Emilie Sandfeld³, Alejandra Dominguez¹, Jason Wang², Anish Ray²

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.8, pp. 1895-1908, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.065547 - 18 July 2025

Abstract Background: Precision medicine is an emerging approach for treating pediatric cancer due to its ability to target tumor-specific genetic drivers rather than provide broad and aggressive treatments. The study aimed to outline the establishment and impact of a Precision Medicine Clinic (PMC) in the setting of pediatric oncology, with the objective of offering targeted treatment options within the institution and creating a scalable model for adoption by other healthcare systems to achieve a wider impact. Methods: Recognizing this need for an individualized approach to treating patients, Cook Children’s Medical Center (CCMC) established a multidisciplinary molecular… More >

YUZHENG LI^1,2, LILI YU¹, SHIYAO ZHOU¹, HUA ZHOU^2,3,*, QIBIAO WU^1,2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.6, pp. 1363-1376, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.059311 - 29 May 2025

Abstract Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) involves complex alterations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. This study aims to integrate multimodal omics analyses to evaluate and enhance EGFR-targeted therapies. Methods: We reviewed and synthesized omics data—including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenomics, and metabolomics data—related to the EGFR pathway in NSCLC, examined the clinical outcomes of current therapies and proposed new treatment strategies. Results: Integrated omics analyses revealed the multifaceted role of EGFR in NSCLC. Transcriptomic analysis revealed gene expression alterations due to EGFR mutations, with upregulation of oncogenes and downregulation of tumor suppressors. Proteomics More >

YUE ZHANG^1,#, WENYU YANG^1,#, XIAOWANG HAN^1,#, YUE QIAO¹, HAITAO WANG², TING CHEN¹, TIANYING LI¹, WEN-BIN OU^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.6, pp. 1119-1128, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.045025 - 23 May 2024

Abstract It has been shown that the high expression of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) in most lung cancers is related to the poor prognosis of patients, but the mechanism of pathological transformation of HE4 in lung cancer is still unclear. The current study is expected to clarify the function and mechanism of HE4 in the occurrence and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Immunoblotting evaluated HE4 expression in lung cancer cell lines and biopsies, and through analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Frequent HE4 overexpression was demonstrated in LUAD, but not in lung squamous… More >

QIUQIANG CHEN^1,*, XUEJUN GUO², WENXUE MA^3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.1, pp. 49-60, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.042383 - 15 November 2023

Abstract Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer, with the tumor microenvironment (TME) playing a pivotal role in modulating the immune response. CD47, a cell surface protein, has been identified as a crucial regulator of the TME and a potential therapeutic target for cancer therapy. However, the precise functions and implications of CD47 in the TME during immunotherapy for cancer patients remain incompletely understood. This comprehensive review aims to provide an overview of CD47’s multifaced role in TME regulation and immune evasion, elucidating its impact on various types of immunotherapy… More > Graphic Abstract

MERAN KESHAWA EDIRIWEERA^*

BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.3, pp. 441-444, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.025747 - 03 January 2023

Abstract Irregularities in the DNA repair pathways are frequently observed in cancer. Dysregulated DNA repair pathways support growth advantages to tumor cells. DNA polymerase-theta (POLQ) is an error-prone DNA polymerase involved in double-strand break repair through microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ). POLQ also mediates translesion DNA synthesis and it is largely not expressed in normal cells. POLQ is overexpressed in a range of cancer cells, including homologous recombination (HR) deficient cancer cells. In HR deficient cells, MMEJ is crucial as a backup DNA repair pathway, indicating the indispensable role of POLQ-mediated MMEJ in HR deficient cancer cells. More >

Yu Sun, Wei Wang, Chenghai Zhao

Oncology Research, Vol.28, No.6, pp. 661-674, 2020, DOI:10.3727/096504020X16014648664459

Abstract Wnt molecules play crucial roles in development and adult homeostasis through their receptors Frizzled proteins (Fzds). Fzds mediate canonical b-catenin pathway and various noncanonical b-catenin-independent pathways. Aberrant Fzd signaling is involved in many diseases including cancer. Wnt/b-catenin is a well-established oncogenic pathway involved in almost every aspect of tumor development. However, Fzd-mediated noncanonical Wnt pathways function as both tumor promoters and tumor suppressors depending on cellular context. Fzd-targeted therapies have proven to be effective on cultured tumor cells, tumor cell xenografts, mouse tumor models, and patient-derived xenografts (PDX). Moreover, Fzd-targeted therapies synergize with chemotherapy in More >

Sam D. Graham, Jr.^1,2, Mary Elizabeth Warden¹, Jeffrey Lou^1,3

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.14, Suppl.6, pp. 48-52, 2007

Abstract New advances in technology to directly target specific molecular events in the proliferation of cancer have led to promising results in renal cell carcinoma. Response rates in excess of 70% and complete responses in advanced (metastatic) renal cell carcinoma have caused a change in the paradigm of treatment from immunotherapy. Toxicities are significant, but manageable and pushing the toxicity to tolerability may increase the response rate. More >

Andrea Mancuso, Cora N. Sternberg

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.12, Suppl.1, pp. 66-70, 2005

Abstract Renal cell carcinoma accounts for approximately 3% of adult malignancies and 90%-95% of neoplasms arising from the kidney. It is characterized by a lack of early warning signs, diverse clinical manifestations, resistance to radiation and chemotherapy, and infrequent but reproducible responses to immunotherapy with agents such as interferon alpha (IFN-α) and interleukin 2 (IL-2). International studies have shown objective response rates of < 15% in patients with advanced and metastatic disease, with 5-year disease-specific survival ranging between 0-20%. Considering these poor outcomes, renal cancers’ very vascular nature and overexpression of receptors for vascular endothelial growth More >