Alan F.N. Boss¹, Manuella G.C. Munhoz¹, Gisele Amaral-Labat², Rodrigo G.A. Lima², Leonardo I. Medeiros^2,3, Nila C.F.L. Medeiros^2,3, Beatriz C.S. Fonseca², Flavia L. Braghiroli^4,*, Guilherme F.B. Lenz e Silva¹

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.10, pp. 1639-1659, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056004 - 23 October 2024

Abstract Radar Absorbing Materials (RAM) are a class of composites that can attenuate incident electromagnetic waves to avoid radar detection. Most carbon allotropes that have the potential to be used as RAM are either carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, carbon black (CB) and ultimately, sustainable porous carbon (SPC). Here, black wattle bark waste (following tannin extraction) was used as a sustainable source to produce SPC made from biomass waste. It was characterized and used as a filler for a silicone rubber matrix to produce a flexible RAM. The electromagnetic performance of this composite was compared with composites… More >

Peyman Ahmadi^1,*, Davood Efhamisisi^1,*, Marie-France Thévenon^2,3, Hamid Zarea Hosseinabadi¹, Reza Oladi¹, Jean Gerard^2,3

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.10, pp. 1715-1728, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.054076 - 23 October 2024

Abstract Sugarcane bagasse is an agro-waste that could replace timber resources for the production of bio-composites. Composite boards such as particleboard offer an issue for the use and recycling of poor quality timber, and these engineered products can overcome some solid wood limitations such as heterogeneity and dimension. Bagasse offers an alternative to wood chips for particleboard production but present some disadvantages as well, such as poor physico-mechanical properties. To address these issues, bagasse fibers were treated with an innovative natural resin formulated with tannin and furfural. Impregnated particles with different concentrations of resin (5%, 10%,… More > Graphic Abstract

Maya Ismayati^1,*, Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat¹, Fifi Melinda Setiawati², Wasrin Syafii², Yuki Tobimatsu³, Deni Zulfiana⁴

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.9, pp. 1625-1637, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.054739 - 25 September 2024

Abstract Tannins are capable of producing natural dyes with antioxidant and antibacterial propertis, while synthetic dyes are commonly used in the textile industry, causing environmental issues like water pollution. This research aims to utilize waste tannins as natural dyes as an alternative to synthetic dyes. This study examined the effect of the extraction method on tannin properties such as phenolic content, antioxidants, and antibacterial activity. In addition, Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography‒Mass Spectrometry (Py-GCMS) analysis was used to identify the effect of extraction temperature on the chemical elucidation of tannin. The effect of tannin concentration was evaluated against… More > Graphic Abstract

Lan Huang¹, Wenbin Yuan¹, Hisham Essawy², Xiaojian Zhou^3,*, Xinyi Chen^3,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.10, pp. 2219-2234, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.052445 - 23 September 2024

Abstract Tannin foam is a new functional material. It can be widely applied to the automobile industry, construction industry, and packaging industry due to its wide range of raw materials, renewable, easily degraded, low cost and almost no pollution. Preparing tannin foam is a very complex process that includes high temperature, two phases, mechanical agitation, and phase change. To investigate the influence of the stirring velocity and paddle shape, simulation was calculated by making use of the volume of fluid (VOF) method and multiple reference frame (MRF) method in a three-dimensional flow field of tannin-based foaming… More > Graphic Abstract

Awanda Wira Anggini^1,2, Rita Kartika Sari², Efri Mardawati^3,4, Tati Karliati⁵, Apri Heri Iswanto⁶, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis^1,4,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.7, pp. 1165-1186, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.051854 - 21 August 2024

Abstract More than a century after its initial synthesis, urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins still have dominant applications as adhesives, paints, and coatings. However, formaldehyde in this industry produces formaldehyde emissions that are dangerous to health. Scientists have spent the last decade replacing formaldehyde and phenol with environmentally friendly substances such as glyoxal and tannin to create bio-based adhesives. This review covers recent advances in synthesizing glyoxal tannin-based resins, especially those made from sustainable raw material substitutes and changes made to synthetic processes to improve mechanical properties. The efficacy of using tannin-glyoxal adhesives in producing wood-based composites has… More > Graphic Abstract

Zeinab Osman^1,2,3,*, Antonio Pizzi^2,*, Bertrand Charrier³

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.7, pp. 1291-1310, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.051619 - 21 August 2024

Abstract Tannin was extracted from different subspecies of Acacia nilotica, Acacia nilotica nilotica (Ann), Acacia nilotica tomentosa (Ant) and Acacia nilotica adansonii (Ana). The aim was to elucidate their structure and evaluate their reactivity as bioadhesives in the wood industry. The extracts were prepared by hot water extraction (90°C temperature). Their gel time with paraformaldehyde was used at first to compare their reactivity. The tannin contents and the percentage of total polyphenolic materials in different solutions of the extracts spray dried powder were determined by the hide powder method. Concentrated solutions (47%) were tested by both MALDI ToF, CNMR.… More > Graphic Abstract

Liliane Nga¹, Benoit Ndiwe^1,2, Achille Bernard Biwolé¹, Antonio Pizzi^3,*, Jean Jalin Eyinga Biwole¹, Joseph Zobo Mfomo¹

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.3, pp. 553-568, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.046568 - 11 April 2024

Abstract Extracts of plant origin, particularly tannins, are attracting growing interest for the sustainable development of materials in the industrial sector. The discovery of new tannins is therefore necessary. The aim of this work was to contribute to the understanding of the properties of Paraberlinia bifoliolata tannin by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectroscopy MALDI-TOF/MS and Carbon 13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹³C NMR). The chemical composition of tannin extracted from Paraberlinia bifoliolata bark was determined, as was the mechanical strength of the resin hardened with Acacia nilotica extracts. Yield by successive water extraction was 35%. MALDI-TOF/MS… More >

Antonio Pizzi^1,*, Marie-Pierre Laborie^2,3, Zeki Candan⁴

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.3, pp. 397-425, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.046074 - 11 April 2024

Abstract Condensed and hydrolysable tannins are non-toxic natural polyphenols that are a commercial commodity industrialized for tanning hides to obtain leather and for a growing number of other industrial applications mainly to substitute petroleum-based products. They are a definite class of sustainable materials of the forestry industry. They have been in operation for hundreds of years to manufacture leather and now for a growing number of applications in a variety of other industries, such as wood adhesives, metal coating, pharmaceutical/medical applications and several others. This review presents the main sources, either already or potentially commercial of More > Graphic Abstract

Bengang Zhang^1,*, Antonio Pizzi^2,*, Mathieu Petrissans¹, Anelie Petrissans¹, Colin Baptiste¹

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.12, pp. 4097-4121, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.029761 - 10 November 2023

Abstract Aminated tannins were prepared by reacting mimosa condensed tannin extract with ammonia yielding the substitution of many, if not all of the tannin hydroxyl groups with –NH₂ groups. A tannin-aminated tannin (ATT) particleboard coating was then prepared by reacting raw tannin extract with aminated tannin extract and thus cross-liking the two by substituting tannin’s hydroxyl groups with the –NH₂ groups on the aminated tannin to form –NH-bridges between the two. The resulting particleboard coating gave encouraging results when pressed at 180°C for 3 min. Conversely, the system in which tannin was reacted/cross-liked with urea (ATU) by… More >

Elham Azadeh¹, Ummi Hani Abdullah^2,3, Christine Gerardin^1,*, Antonio Pizzi^1,*, Philippe Gerardin¹, Cesar Segovia⁴

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3625-3645, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.030373 - 10 August 2023

Abstract Water repellant, flexible biofoams using tannin esterified with various fatty acid chains, namely lauric, palmitic and oleic acids, by reaction with lauryl chloride, palmitoyl chloride, and oleyl chloride were developed and their characteristics compared with the equivalently esterified rigid biofoams. Glycerol, while initially added to control the reaction temperature, was used as a plasticizer yielding flexible biofoams presenting the same water repellant character that the equivalent rigid foams. Acetaldehyde was used as the cross-linking agent instead of formaldehyde, as it showed a better performance with the esterified tannin. The compression results showed a significant decrease… More >