UROS BUMBASIREVIC1,2,*, MARKO ZIVKOVIC1, MILOS PETROVIC1, VESNA CORIC2,3, NIKOLA LISICIC1, NEBOJSA BOJANIC1,2
Oncology Research, Vol.30, No.3, pp. 117-128, 2022, DOI:10.32604/or.2022.027511
Abstract Seminomas are most commonly diagnosed in clinical stage I (CSI). After orchiectomy, approximately 15% of patients in this stage have subclinical metastases. Adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) delivered to the retroperitoneum and ipsilateral pelvic lymph nodes has been the mainstay of treatment for many years. Although highly efficient, with long-term cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates approaching almost 100%, ART is associated with considerable long-term consequences, particularly cardiovascular toxicity and increased risk of secondary malignancies (SMN). Therefore, active surveillance (AS) and adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) were developed as alternative treatment options. While AS prevents patient overtreatment, it is associated with strict follow-up regimens and increased… More >
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