Jiazhou Li^1,2, Mingyu Zhang¹, Xing Li^1,3, Fangbo Cao^1,2, Jiana Chen^1,2, Weiqin Wang^1,2, Huabin Zheng^1,2, Min Huang^1,2,4,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.95, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.075255 - 30 January 2026

Abstract Spikelet filling characteristics in early-season rice in southern China may be distinctive due to its exposure to high temperatures during the ripening period. However, limited information is currently available on these characteristics. This study aimed to characterize spikelet filling in early-season rice and identify the key factors contributing to its improvement. Field experiments were conducted over two years (2021 and 2022) to mainly investigate the proportions of fully-filled, partially-filled, and empty spikelets, along with the biomass-fertilized spikelet ratio and harvest index, in 11 early-season rice varieties. The results revealed significant varietal variation in spikelet filling,… More >

Ehsan Arshid^*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.074898 - 29 January 2026

Abstract In this work, a computational modelling and analysis framework is developed to investigate the thermal buckling behavior of doubly-curved composite shells reinforced with graphene-origami (G-Ori) auxetic metamaterials. A semi-analytical formulation based on the First-Order Shear Deformation Theory (FSDT) and the principle of virtual displacements is established, and closed-form solutions are derived via Navier’s method for simply supported boundary conditions. The G-Ori metamaterial reinforcements are treated as programmable constructs whose effective thermo-mechanical properties are obtained via micromechanical homogenization and incorporated into the shell model. A comprehensive parametric study examines the influence of folding geometry, dispersion arrangement, More >

Marwa M. Eid^1,2,*, Amel Ali Alhussan³, Ebrahim A. Mattar⁴, Nima Khodadadi^5,*, El-Sayed M. El-Kenawy^6,7

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.073555 - 29 January 2026

Abstract Accurate prediction of concrete compressive strength is fundamental for optimizing mix designs, improving material utilization, and ensuring structural safety in modern construction. Traditional empirical methods often fail to capture the non-linear relationships among concrete constituents, especially with the growing use of supplementary cementitious materials and recycled aggregates. This study presents an integrated machine learning framework for concrete strength prediction, combining advanced regression models—namely CatBoost—with metaheuristic optimization algorithms, with a particular focus on the Somersaulting Spider Optimizer (SSO). A comprehensive dataset encompassing diverse mix proportions and material types was used to evaluate baseline machine learning models,… More >

Huda Talib Najm^1,2, Ahmed Sabah Al-Araji³, Nur Syazreen Ahmad^1,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.071837 - 29 January 2026

Abstract Mobile service robots (MSRs) in hospital environments require precise and robust trajectory tracking to ensure reliable operation under dynamic conditions, including model uncertainties and external disturbances. This study presents a cognitive control strategy that integrates a Numerical Feedforward Inverse Dynamic Controller (NFIDC) with a Feedback Radial Basis Function Neural Network (FRBFNN). The robot’s mechanical structure was designed in SolidWorks 2022 SP2.0 and validated under operational loads using finite element analysis in ANSYS 2022 R1. The NFIDC-FRBFNN framework merges proactive inverse dynamic compensation with adaptive neural learning to achieve smooth torque responses and accurate motion control.… More >

Sanjog Chhetri Sapkota^1,2, Liborio Cavaleri³, Ajaya Khatri⁴, Siddhi Pandey⁵, Satish Paudel⁶, Panagiotis G. Asteris^7,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.146, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.069691 - 29 January 2026

Abstract Optimization is the key to obtaining efficient utilization of resources in structural design. Due to the complex nature of truss systems, this study presents a method based on metaheuristic modelling that minimises structural weight under stress and frequency constraints. Two new algorithms, the Red Kite Optimization Algorithm (ROA) and Secretary Bird Optimization Algorithm (SBOA), are utilized on five benchmark trusses with 10, 18, 37, 72, and 200-bar trusses. Both algorithms are evaluated against benchmarks in the literature. The results indicate that SBOA always reaches a lighter optimal. Designs with reducing structural weight ranging from 0.02%… More >

SEUNGIL KIM, GUN-DONG KIM^*

BIOCELL, Vol.50, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.073781 - 23 January 2026

Abstract Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation or NETosis is a specialized innate immune process in which neutrophils release chromatin fibers decorated with histones and antimicrobial proteins. Although pivotal for pathogen clearance, aberrant NETosis has emerged as a critical modulator of acute and chronic respiratory pathologies, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Dysregulated NET release exacerbates airway inflammation by inducing epithelial injury, mucus hypersecretion, and the recruitment of inflammatory leukocytes, thereby accelerating tissue remodeling and functional decline. Mechanistically, NETosis is governed by peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PADI4)-mediated histone citrullination, NADPH oxidase-dependent reactive More >

Sarah M. Alhammad¹, Diaa Salama AbdElminaam^2,3,*, Asmaa Rizk Ibrahim⁴, Ahmed Taha²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.069263 - 12 January 2026

Abstract Accurate parameter extraction of photovoltaic (PV) models plays a critical role in enabling precise performance prediction, optimal system sizing, and effective operational control under diverse environmental conditions. While a wide range of metaheuristic optimisation techniques have been applied to this problem, many existing methods are hindered by slow convergence rates, susceptibility to premature stagnation, and reduced accuracy when applied to complex multi-diode PV configurations. These limitations can lead to suboptimal modelling, reducing the efficiency of PV system design and operation. In this work, we propose an enhanced hybrid optimisation approach, the modified Spider Wasp Optimization… More >

Alexander V. Savin^1,2, Elena A. Korznikova^3,4, Sergey V. Dmitriev^5,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.2, pp. 1-20, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.072786 - 09 December 2025

Abstract Due to their chiral structure, carbon nanosprings possess unique properties that are promising for nanotechnology applications. The structural transformations of carbon nanosprings in the form of spiral macromolecules derived from planar coronene and kekulene molecules (graphene helicoids and spiral nanoribbons) are analyzed using molecular dynamics simulations. The interatomic interactions are described by a force field including valence bonds, bond angles, torsional and dihedral angles, as well as van der Waals interactions. While the tension/compression of such nanosprings has been analyzed in the literature, this study investigates other modes of deformation, including bending and twisting. Depending… More >

Rekha Phadke¹, Abdul Lateef Haroon Phulara Shaik², Dayanidhi Mohapatra³, Doaa Sami Khafaga^4,*, Eman Abdullah Aldakheel⁴, N. Sathyanarayana⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.86, No.2, pp. 1-26, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.067564 - 09 December 2025

Abstract Recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology has been utilized in a wide range of services and applications which significantly transforms digital ecosystems through seamless interconnectivity between various smart devices. Furthermore, the IoT plays a key role in multiple domains, including industrial automation, smart homes, and intelligent transportation systems. However, an increasing number of connected devices presents significant challenges related to efficient resource allocation and system responsiveness. To address these issue, this research proposes a Modified Walrus Optimization Algorithm (MWaOA) for effective resource management in smart IoT systems. In the proposed MWaOA, a crowding process… More >

Shuai Xu¹, Congfei Zang¹, Yiming Zhang², Chun Li^1,*

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.34, No.1, pp. 1-2, 2025, DOI:10.32604/icces.2025.011525

Abstract The development of novel spintronic devices based on spin manipulation in magnetic nanostructures is crucial for achieving higher speed and miniaturization in future computing technologies. As a unique type of graphene quantum dot, triangulene nanoflakes (TNFs) exhibit nontrivial magnetic properties and excellent extensibility, making them highly promising for the design and application of spin logic units. In this study, we employ first-principles calculations to investigate experimentally synthesizable TNFs, in which transition metal (TM) atoms —namely Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu— are individually introduced at π-conjugated doping sites. The effects of different dopants and doping positions… More >