Zhisheng Xu^*, Sohail Mahmood, Zihan Yu

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.22, No.3, pp. 791-816, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2024.051058

Abstract The centralized smoke exhaust system of shield tunnel is an important determinant for tunnel fire safety, and the use of different design parameters of the tunnel smoke exhaust system will affect the smoke exhaust effect in the tunnel, and the influence of different design parameters on the smoke exhaust effect and temperature attenuation of the tunnel can help engineers in designing a more effective centralized smoke exhaust system for the tunnel. In this paper, the Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS) is utilized to examine smoke exhaust vent settings for a centralized exhaust system in shield tunnel… More >

Lijun Mu, Xiaojia Xue, Jie Bai^*, Xiaoyan Li, Xueliang Han

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.6, pp. 1365-1379, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.049013

Abstract Following large-scale volume fracturing in shale oil reservoirs, well shut-in measures are generally employed. Laboratory tests and field trials have underscored the efficacy of fracturing fluid imbibition during the shut-in phase in augmenting shale oil productivity. Unlike conventional reservoirs, shale oil reservoirs exhibit characteristics such as low porosity, low permeability, and rich content of organic matter and clay minerals. Notably, the osmotic pressure effects occurring between high-salinity formation water and low-salinity fracturing fluids are significant. The current understanding of the mobilization patterns of crude oil in micro-pores during the imbibition process remains nebulous, and the… More >

Yucheng Liang^1,2,*, Ke Niu^1,2,*, Yingnan Zhang^1,2, Yifei Meng^1,2

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.3, pp. 5143-5174, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.051364

Abstract The proposed robust reversible watermarking algorithm addresses the compatibility challenges between robustness and reversibility in existing video watermarking techniques by leveraging scene smoothness for frame grouping videos. Grounded in the H.264 video coding standard, the algorithm first employs traditional robust watermark stitching technology to embed watermark information in the low-frequency coefficient domain of the U channel. Subsequently, it utilizes histogram migration techniques in the high-frequency coefficient domain of the U channel to embed auxiliary information, enabling successful watermark extraction and lossless recovery of the original video content. Experimental results demonstrate the algorithm’s strong imperceptibility, with… More >

Yin Ni¹, Wu Zeng^2,*, Peng Xia¹, Guang Stanley Yang³, Ruochen Tan⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.3, pp. 5295-5312, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.049911

Abstract Deepfake-generated fake faces, commonly utilized in identity-related activities such as political propaganda, celebrity impersonations, evidence forgery, and familiar fraud, pose new societal threats. Although current deepfake generators strive for high realism in visual effects, they do not replicate biometric signals indicative of cardiac activity. Addressing this gap, many researchers have developed detection methods focusing on biometric characteristics. These methods utilize classification networks to analyze both temporal and spectral domain features of the remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) signal, resulting in high detection accuracy. However, in the spectral analysis, existing approaches often only consider the power spectral density… More >

Cheng Yang^1,2, Miaojia Lou^2,*, Xiaoyu Chen^1,2, Zixuan Ren¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.3, pp. 4107-4126, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.049183

Abstract Chinese shadow puppetry has been recognized as a world intangible cultural heritage. However, it faces substantial challenges in its preservation and advancement due to the intricate and labor-intensive nature of crafting shadow puppets. To ensure the inheritance and development of this cultural heritage, it is imperative to enable traditional art to flourish in the digital era. This paper presents an Interactive Collaborative Creation System for shadow puppets, designed to facilitate the creation of high-quality shadow puppet images with greater ease. The system comprises four key functions: Image contour extraction, intelligent reference recommendation, generation network, and… More >

Mingming Zhao, Jialong Jiao^*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.5, pp. 1045-1061, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.043744

Abstract Predicting the response of liquefied natural gas (LNG) contained in vessels subjected to external waves is extremely important to ensure the safety of the transportation process. In this study, the coupled behavior due to ship motion and liquid tank sloshing has been simulated by the Smoothed-Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. Firstly, the sloshing flow in a rectangular tank was simulated and the related loads were analyzed to verify and validate the accuracy of the present SPH solver. Then, a three-dimensional simplified LNG carrier model, including two prismatic liquid tanks and a wave tank, was introduced. Different More >

Chuandong Qin^1,2, Yu Cao^1,*, Liqun Meng¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.2, pp. 1975-1994, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.049228

Abstract Brain tumors come in various types, each with distinct characteristics and treatment approaches, making manual detection a time-consuming and potentially ambiguous process. Brain tumor detection is a valuable tool for gaining a deeper understanding of tumors and improving treatment outcomes. Machine learning models have become key players in automating brain tumor detection. Gradient descent methods are the mainstream algorithms for solving machine learning models. In this paper, we propose a novel distributed proximal stochastic gradient descent approach to solve the L-Smooth Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier for brain tumor detection. Firstly, the smooth hinge loss is… More >

Guangwei Sun^1,2,#, Xuanhao Zhang^3,#, Yi Liu³, Liguang Chai², Daisong Liu², Zhenguo Chen^1,*, Shiyou Lü^3,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.4, pp. 641-659, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.049285

Abstract The Nicotiana genus, commonly known as tobacco, holds significant importance as a crucial economic crop. Confronted with an abundance of herbivorous insects that pose a substantial threat to yield, tobacco has developed a diverse and sophisticated array of mechanisms, establishing itself as a model of plant ecological defense. This review provides a concise overview of the current understanding of tobacco’s defense strategies against herbivores. Direct defenses, exemplified by its well-known tactic of secreting the alkaloid nicotine, serve as a potent toxin against a broad spectrum of herbivorous pests. Moreover, in response to herbivore attacks, tobacco enhances… More >

Yakui Liu^1,2,3,*, Xing Jiang¹, Ruikang Xu¹, Yihao Cui¹, Chenhui Yu¹, Jingqi Yang¹, Jishuai Zhou¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.1, pp. 1263-1279, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.048864

Abstract The rapid pace of urban development has resulted in the widespread presence of construction equipment and increasingly complex conditions in transmission corridors. These conditions pose a serious threat to the safe operation of the power grid. Machine vision technology, particularly object recognition technology, has been widely employed to identify foreign objects in transmission line images. Despite its wide application, the technique faces limitations due to the complex environmental background and other auxiliary factors. To address these challenges, this study introduces an improved YOLOv8n. The traditional stepwise convolution and pooling layers are replaced with a spatial-depth… More >

Ananthakrishnan Balasundaram^1,2, Ayesha Shaik^1,2,*, Japmann Kaur Banga², Aman Kumar Singh²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.1, pp. 779-799, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.048362

Abstract Industrial activities, through the human-induced release of Green House Gas (GHG) emissions, have been identified as the primary cause of global warming. Accurate and quantitative monitoring of these emissions is essential for a comprehensive understanding of their impact on the Earth’s climate and for effectively enforcing emission regulations at a large scale. This work examines the feasibility of detecting and quantifying industrial smoke plumes using freely accessible geo-satellite imagery. The existing system has so many lagging factors such as limitations in accuracy, robustness, and efficiency and these factors hinder the effectiveness in supporting timely response… More >