Tanyawan Suwandecha¹, Supachai Pisuchpen^2,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.11, pp. 1811-1836, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056334 - 22 November 2024

Abstract This study investigated the development of mycelium-based biofoams as sustainable cushioning materials using Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinus squarrosulus, combined with different sawdust substrates, and subjected to various pressing methods. The results indicated significant effects of mushroom species, sawdust type, and pressing method on the properties of biofoams. Growth rate, morphology, chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties, water resistance, and cushioning factor were evaluated. The results indicated that Lentinus squarrosulus (LS) exhibited faster growth rates (up to 14.37 mm/day) and produced biofoams with superior properties compared to Pleurotus ostreatus (PO). Core wood (CW) sawdust generally resulted in biofoams with lower… More > Graphic Abstract

Aruna M. Pugalenthi^*, Khaoula Khlie

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.11, pp. 1879-1893, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.055747 - 22 November 2024

Abstract With growing environmental concerns and the depletion of oil reserves, the need to replace synthetic fibres with sustainable alternatives in composite materials has become increasingly urgent. This study investigates the potential of Leptadenia pyrotechnica fibre as a sustainable reinforcement material in hybrid composites alongside E-glass fibres. The primary objectives are to assess these hybrid composites’ mechanical properties, structural integrity, and performance. To achieve this, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to analyze the microstructure and chemical composition of the composites. At the same time, mechanical testing focused on properties such… More >

Mehwash Farooqui¹, Atta Rahman^2,*, Latifa Alsuliman¹, Zainab Alsaif¹, Fatimah Albaik¹, Cadi Alshammari¹, Razan Sharaf¹, Sunday Olatunji¹, Sara Waslallah Althubaiti¹, Hina Gull³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.81, No.2, pp. 2587-2605, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.055262 - 18 November 2024

Abstract The proposed study focuses on the critical issue of corrosion, which leads to significant economic losses and safety risks worldwide. A key area of emphasis is the accuracy of corrosion detection methods. While recent studies have made progress, a common challenge is the low accuracy of existing detection models. These models often struggle to reliably identify corrosion tendencies, which are crucial for minimizing industrial risks and optimizing resource use. The proposed study introduces an innovative approach that significantly improves the accuracy of corrosion detection using a convolutional neural network (CNN), as well as two pretrained… More >

Muhammad Abdullah Khan¹, Muhammad Usman², Yuhong Zhao^1,3,4,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.81, No.2, pp. 1905-1952, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.054691 - 18 November 2024

Abstract This comprehensive review examines the structural, mechanical, electronic, and thermodynamic properties of Mg-Li-Al alloys, focusing on their corrosion resistance and mechanical performance enhancement. Utilizing first-principles calculations based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) and the quasi-harmonic approximation (QHA), the combined properties of the Mg-Li-Al phase are explored, revealing superior incompressibility, shear resistance, and stiffness compared to individual elements. The review highlights the brittleness of the alloy, supported by B/G ratios, Cauchy pressures, and Poisson’s ratios. Electronic structure analysis shows metallic behavior with varied covalent bonding characteristics, while Mulliken population analysis emphasizes significant electron transfer within the… More >

YUQIN YIN^1,2,#, YU WU^1,#, HONGLIANG HUANG^1,2, YINGYING DUAN^1,2, ZHONGWEN YUAN^1,2, LIHUI CAO^1,2, JINJIN YING^1,2, YONGHENG ZHOU^3,*, SENLING FENG^1,2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.12, pp. 1891-1902, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.048778 - 13 November 2024

Abstract Background: Polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) are compounds present in citrus peels and other Rutaceae plants, which exhibit diverse biological activities, including robust antitumor and antioxidant effects. However, the mechanism of PMFs in reversing drug resistance to colon cancer remains unknown. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the potential connection between the aerobic glycolysis-ROS-autophagy signaling axis and the reversal of PTX resistance in colon cancer by PMFs. Methods: MTT Cell viability assay and colony formation assay were used to investigate the effect of PMFs combined with PTX in reversing HCT8/T cell resistance ex vivo; the mRNA… More > Graphic Abstract

YUAN YIN¹, ZHENGYIN WANG¹, YUJIE HU¹, JIA WANG¹, YI WANG^2,*, QUN LU^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.12, pp. 1881-1890, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.048007 - 13 November 2024

Abstract Background: Caffeic acid (CA) is considered a promising phytochemical that has inhibited numerous cancer cell proliferation. Therefore, it is gaining increasing attention due to its safe and pharmacological applications. In this study, we investigated the role of CA in inhibiting the Interleukin-6 (IL-6)/Janus kinase (JAK)/Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3) mediated suppression of the proliferation signaling in human prostate cancer cells. Materials and Methods: The role of CA in proliferation and colony formation abilities was studied using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and colony formation assays. Tumour cell death and cell cycle arrest were… More >

YUSHI YANG^1,#, CHUJIAO HU^2,#, SHAN LEI³, XIN BAO³, ZHIRUI ZENG^3,*, WENPENG CAO^4,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.12, pp. 1921-1934, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.046191 - 13 November 2024

Abstract Background: The heterogeneity of prognosis and treatment benefits among patients with gliomas is due to tumor microenvironment characteristics. However, biomarkers that reflect microenvironmental characteristics and predict the prognosis of gliomas are limited. Therefore, we aimed to develop a model that can effectively predict prognosis, differentiate microenvironment signatures, and optimize drug selection for patients with glioma. Materials and Methods: The CIBERSORT algorithm, bulk sequencing analysis, and single-cell RNA (scRNA) analysis were employed to identify significant cross-talk genes between M2 macrophages and cancer cells in glioma tissues. A predictive model was constructed based on cross-talk gene expression, and… More >

Bo Liu^1,2,*, Jia Xie², Gonghua Chen², Yugang Gong², Hongliang Yao¹, Tiegang Li¹

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.30, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012904

Abstract Biodegradable metal implants that meet clinical applications require good mechanical properties and an appropriate biodegradation rate. Additively manufactured (AM) biodegradable zinc (Zn) alloys constitute an essential branch of orthopedic implants because of their moderate degradation and bone-mimicking mechanical properties. This paper investigated the microstructural evolution and corrosion mechanisms of zinc-copper (Zn-Cu) alloys prepared by the laser-powder-bed-fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing method. Alloying with Cu significantly increases the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of unalloyed Zn, but the UTS and ductility of unalloyed Zn and Zn-2Cu decrease with increasing laser energy density. Unalloyed Zn has a dendritic microstructure,… More >

TIANYUN HAN^#, ZHONG LI^#, LUONING ZHANG, LINSHEN XIE^*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.11, pp. 1625-1638, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.055029 - 07 November 2024

Abstract Objective: The study aimed to explore the protective mechanism of Ganoderic acid A (GAA) in renal fibrosis and to verify that GAA can ameliorate renal fibrosis by regulating the Niemann-pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) gene. Methods: Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) was used to treat Human Kidney-2 (HK-2) cells to establish a renal fibrosis model. The differentially expressed genes in the control (CTRL) group, TGF-β1 group, and TGF-β1 + GAA group were screened via transcriptome sequencing technology and verified by qPCR and Western blot experiments. The NPC1L1 gene overexpression plasmid was constructed. The expression levels of N-cad, E-cad,… More >

Donghua Dai^1,2,*, Yanze Li^1,2, Dongdong Gu^1,2,*, Wentai Zhao^1,2, Yuhang Long^1,2

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.30, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012500

Abstract Laser Directed Energy Deposition (LDED) technology was employed to fabricate internal structures within the hollow interiors of rotating parts, such as tubes and cylinders. A three-dimensional transient multiphysics model for C276 material was developed, which anticipated the impact of angular velocity from tube rotation on various aspects. This model, validated by experiments, focused on the melt pool morphology, Marangoni convection, oriented crystal microevolution, and deposited material microhardness. It was found that at 150 ms deposition, the dimensions of the melt pool stabilized. With an increase in the Peclet number, heat transfer within the melt pool… More >